A view of poetry

The author is anonymous in the pre-Qin Dynasty.

Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river.

A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.

Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right.

A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.

If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day.

Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.

Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right.

A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.

Pull shepherd's purse from left to right.

A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.

translate

Guan Guan and Ming's pheasant doves are accompanied by small and medium-sized rivers. That beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman. Uneven shepherd's purse, from left to right. That beautiful and virtuous woman wants to pursue her when she wakes up. I can't get it when I pursue it, and I always miss her day and night. I miss you so much that I can't sleep.

Pick the shepherd's purse from left to right. The beautiful and virtuous woman approached her by playing the harp. Rugged shepherd's purse, pulled from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings bells and drums to please her.

Extended data:

We should understand Guan Ju from two aspects: poetry and music. As far as poetry is concerned, it is a "folk song", and the love between men and women is reflected in a folk custom. According to legend, the ancients had the custom of meeting men and women in mid-spring moon.

"Zhou Li Local Officials and Media Officials" said: "Media officials (that is, media officials) are responsible for everyone's judgment (cooperation). ..... Mid-spring (February) makes men and women, so I can't bear it (I can't help running); Those who don't use the order for no reason will be punished, and those who have no husband will be punished. " The chant in Guanju may not be a record of this historical event, but this historical event helps us to understand the psychological state and customs of ancient men and women who met, fell in love and hoped to get married.

The object of literary works is social life, and the description of social customs can more truly reproduce social life, so that social life can be integrated into the picture of social customs, which is more realistic. Guan Ju describes the love between men and women in ancient times as a social custom. As far as music is concerned, the whole poem is formed for harmony.

Zheng Qiao's Preface to Tongzhi Yuefu Zheng Sheng said: "Those who tune words are called poems, and when they are sung, they are called songs. There is no poet who does not sing. " Zheng Qiao particularly emphasized the importance of temperament. All lively and vivid poems in ancient times can often be sung and pay attention to the harmony of timbre.

Guanju uses repeated chapters and sentences, which shows that it is a song and a poem that lives in people's mouths. Of course, "Guanju" is a combination of expressing poetry and fast sound, and conveying poetry with tone. Zheng Xuan's Preface to Poetry said: "Yu Shu said:' Poetry expresses ambition, songs always say, sound is eternal, and law is harmonious.' However, what is the way of poetry? "

How to read the Book of Songs (the whole poem): the pigeon in Guanguan, guān guān jū jiū

In Hezhou. I love you

My fair lady, y m: o ti m: o sh ū n

A gentleman would like to marry a good girl. Establish a party

Serrated shepherd's purse.

Flow from left to right. Zhu Youli

My fair lady, y m: o ti m: o sh ū n

Ask for it. I don't care.

Welcome, Churi and Bede.

Sleep and think. I love you

Leisure, y not u z ā i y not u z ā i

Tossing and turning. zhán Zhuán fán cè

Serrated shepherd's purse.

Take it from left to right. Zuyou Youri

My fair lady, y m: o ti m: o sh ū n

Friends of the harp. Qinse Wuri

Serrated shepherd's purse.

Left and right. Zujomo

My fair lady, y m: o ti m: o sh ū n

Music of bells and drums. Medium g incarnation

On the Translation of Guan Ju's Poems

The pheasant dove sings in pairs and lives on the small island of the Yellow River.

Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river.

A quiet and beautiful girl is really my good object.

Ladies make gentlemen.

Fresh shepherd's purse with uneven length should be picked around the current.

Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right.

Quiet and beautiful girl, miss her dream lover during the day.

Lady, seek fortune for oneself.

The pursuit of a girl is not satisfactory, and she often wakes up in her dreams.

If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day.

Acacia is endless, trouble sleeping.

Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.

Different lengths of shepherd's purse are fresh, choose left and right.

Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right.

A quiet and beautiful girl, playing the piano is very close to playing the harp.

A lady is a friend of the harp.

Different lengths of shepherd's purse are fresh, choose left and right.

Pull shepherd's purse from left to right.

A quiet and beautiful girl, ring the bell and drum to make her happy.

My Fair Lady, Bell and Drum Music.

The Book of Songs

The Book of Songs is the beginning of China's ancient poetry. This is the earliest collection of poems. Collected poems from the early years of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period (1 1 century to the 6th century), * * * 31,among which 6 poems are Sheng poems, that is, there are only titles but no contents, which are called Six Sheng Poems (. [1] The author of the Book of Songs is anonymous, and most of them can't be verified. They were collected by Yin Jifu and edited by Confucius. In the pre-Qin period, the Book of Songs was called "The Book of Songs", or it was called "The Book of Songs 300" by integers. In the Western Han Dynasty, it was honored as a Confucian classic, formerly known as The Book of Songs, which has been in use ever since. The Book of Songs is divided into three parts: style, elegance and ode. "Wind" is a ballad of Zhou Dynasty. Elegant music is the official music of Zhou people, which is divided into harmony and elegance. Ode is a musical song used for sacrificial rites in Zhou and noble ancestral temples, which is divided into ode to, and ode to Shang. Confucius once summarized the purpose of the Book of Songs as "innocence" and educated his disciples to read the Book of Songs as their standard of speech and action. Among the pre-Qin philosophers, many people quoted The Book of Songs, such as Mencius, Xunzi, Mozi, Zhuangzi and Han Feizi. Quote the sentences in the Book of Songs to enhance your persuasiveness.

The meaning of Guan Ju's ancient poems: The content is actually very simple, that is, to write about a gentleman pursuing a lady. When he wrote that he couldn't get a young lady, he couldn't sleep over and over again. I was very happy when I got a "lady". I invited people to play music to celebrate and make the "lady" happy. It shows the process of men's pursuit of women, that is, from their deep desire to their desire to get married. )

Original text:

Guan Ju in Pre-Qin Dynasty: Unknown.

Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman. Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.

If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again. Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.

Pull shepherd's purse from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.

Translation:

Guan Guan and Ming's pheasant doves are accompanied by small and medium-sized rivers. That beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman. Uneven shepherd's purse, from left to right. That beautiful and virtuous woman wants to pursue her when she wakes up. I can't get it when I pursue it, and I always miss her day and night. I miss you so much that I can't sleep.

Pick the shepherd's purse from left to right. The beautiful and virtuous woman approached her by playing the harp. Rugged shepherd's purse, pulled from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings bells and drums to please her.

Extended data:

Poetry analysis:

Guanju is the beginning of Feng and the first article of The Book of Songs. The ancients ranked it at the top of 305 articles, indicating its high value. "Historical Records Family of consorts" once recorded: "The Book of Changes is the foundation of Gankun, the Book of Songs began in Guanju, and the Book of Songs is beautiful ... The couple are married and have great humanity." The Biography of Han Kuang Heng also recorded Kuang Heng's thin cloud: "At the time of matching, the beginning of human life is the origin of all blessings.

The wedding ceremony is right, and then the goods are cashed and the fate is complete. Confucius' comments on poetry generally began with Guan Ju. ..... The first of this discipline is the end of Wang Jiao. "Their focus is pedantic, but the summary of the original intention of poetry is basically correct. The question is what kind of marriage it represents.

This is related to our understanding of the wind. The preface to Zhu's Biography of Poetry says: "The so-called poetic style mostly comes from the works of alley ballads. The so-called men and women sing songs and express their feelings." Zheng Qiao's Preface to Tongzhi Yuefu Zheng Sheng said: "Poetry lies in sound, not in righteousness. Even today, there are new voices in the city, and the streets and alleys are competing for songs. Is it the beauty of its meaning? " Straight to its new ear. "

Zhu discusses it from the poetic meaning, but explains it from the tone. Combining the two, we can think that the wind is a kind of ballad that expresses the love between men and women and sings with local accent. Although Zhu's interpretation of Guan Ju's theme is not so, from the specific performance of Guan Ju, it is indeed a romantic work between men and women, which is about a man's pursuit of women's love.

Its sound, emotion, writing and meaning are all good enough to be the beginning of the wind and the first of 300 articles. Confucius said, "Guan Ju is happy but not lewd, and sad but not hurt." (The Analects of Confucius Eight Shu) Since then, people's comments on Guan Ju have all been "compromised by Confucius" (Historical Records Confucius Family).

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Guofeng Nan Zhou guanju

Appreciation of the translation of Guan Ju's original annotation of the ancient poem Guan Ju

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-The eternal swan song of relationships.-Especially those established by men and women.

original text

Guan Guanzhi's pigeon (1) is in Hezhou (2).

My Fair Lady (3), Gentleman (4).

Cross shepherd's purse ⑤, flow left and right ⑤.

My fair lady, I want it.

I am very happy to have it, and I am eager to have it.

Happy pet-name ruby, tossing and turning pet-name ruby.

Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right.

My Fair Lady is a friend of the harp and the harp.

The water chestnut is uneven and hairy.

A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.

To annotate ...

1 off: the sound of water birds singing. Chrysanthemum pigeon: a kind of water bird. ② Mainland: land in water. 3 Yao Tiao: Inner beauty. Shu: OK, OK. (4) Gentleman: This refers to a woman's respect for a man. Qiu: Spouse. ⑤ Cenci: Uneven appearance. Apricot: A perennial aquatic plant with edible leaves. ⑥ Flow: used as "seeking", meaning seeking and choosing. ⑦ Wu: Wake up. May: I fell asleep. 8 Thinking: Modal auxiliary words have no substantive meaning. Woman: It's gone. Pet-name ruby leisurely: worried. Indications: transfer. Tail: toss and turn. Qin and Qin: Qin and Qin are ancient stringed instruments. Friends: Friendly communication and closeness. ⑿ hair: plucking.

translate

Turn off the singing waterfowl,

Living on a sandbar in the river.

Kind and beautiful girl,

My hero's good spouse.

Shepherd's purse is uneven in length,

The girl went to pick around.

Kind and beautiful girl,

I woke up and dreamed of her.

Missing and pursuing are unattainable,

Wake up and dream of Sauvignon Blanc.

I miss you very much,

Tossing and turning is hard to sleep.

Shepherd's purse is uneven in length,

The girl went to pick around.

Kind and beautiful girl,

Play the harp and get close to her.

Shepherd's purse is uneven in length,

The girl went around to pick it up.

Kind and beautiful girl,

Ring the bell and drum to please her.

reading comprehension

Folk songs sing the voice of the people and the truth of the real experience of life. What is touching is that it tells the life experience and truth that all of us can understand, and its brilliance makes the literati's melodramatic and sour look pale, anaemic and disgusting.

Ordinary people's songs are as simple, true and vivid as ordinary people's words. It is an eternal truth and a natural law that men should marry and women should marry. My hero's heart thumped when he saw the good girl, and the good girl admired him. This is the most natural and human impulse and the strangest thing.

Girls fall in love with spring and young people fall in love, which should probably be regarded as the eternal theme in the world. Sincere and touching love songs can also be said to be eternal songs. It is natural for men and women to love each other. However, some people are determined to study and explore this problem and go into the corner to find out what is important. Some people pull up their faces and make papers and talk nonsense. Some people deliberately say this and that, while others moan and pretend to be sad. Man, a monster, always creates some ghosts to scare himself, and always creates some shackles to put on himself, but he just doesn't want to look at himself in front of the mirror, inside and out.

Times are changing, is human nature changing? Men are not men, they don't have beards, they don't ride horses, they are covered in cream and their hands are weak. He is called a boy instead of a man. Women are not women, with thick voices, big arms and thick waist. Boys dare to do it, boys dare to say it, girls can't do it, girls can sing and talk, and they can't sing and talk. Industrialization not only turns people into products produced by assembly line, but also turns the true feelings of men and women into canned food, instant noodles, chocolate, cosmetics, shampoo and bubble gum produced by assembly line. ......

Compared with the ancients, is this our luck or misfortune?

There are many love poems in the Book of Songs.

Zitiao

Qingqing is your collar, YY is my miss. If I didn't go to see you, didn't you get my letter?

Green is what you wear, and leisurely is my feeling. If I never visit you, can't you take the initiative?

Come on, always open your eyes, on this high tower. A day without seeing your face seems as long as March!

Jianjia

The Millennium is frost. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side.

Tracing back and forth, the road is blocked and long. Swim back from it, in the middle of the water

Sadly, the Millennium is still there. The so-called Iraqis are in the water.

Tracing back and forth from it, the road is blocked and broken. Swim back from the inside and swim in the water.

Jia Cai, peace and prosperity have not passed. The so-called Iraqis are in the water.

Go back and follow, the road is blocked and turn right. Swim back from the inside and swim in the water.

Yao Tao

Peach blossoms are in full bloom, colorful and fiery red.

The girl is going to get married and be happy at her husband's house.

Peach blossoms are in full bloom and there are countless fruits.

The girl is going to get married, and the heir who gave birth early is going to make a fortune.

Peach blossoms are in full bloom, and green leaves are lush and never fall.

The girl is getting married, and Comix is in harmony.

Han guang

There are trees in the south, don't worry; There are women on the Han River who want to pursue the impossible.

Han is too broad to swim; The river is so long that it is impossible to take a raft.

The salary is wrong and the words are awkward; The girl is getting married, so feed the horse quickly.

Han is too broad to swim; The river is so long that it is impossible to take a raft.

The salary is wrong and the words are awkward; The girl is getting married, so feed the foal quickly.

Han is too broad to swim; The river is so long that it is impossible to take a raft.

Green clothes

Green clothes, green clothes, green face and yellow lining.

If you worry about your heart, you will defend yourself!

Green clothes, green clothes, green coat, yellow clothes.

If you worry about your heart, you will die!

Green silk thread, green silk thread, you sewed it yourself.

I thought of the ancients, so I don't have to worry!

Fine hemp, coarse hemp, put on cold air and drill skirt corners.

Miss the ancients, really won my heart!

pawpaw

You give me papaya. I'll pay for Joan.

Not to thank you, always cherish your feelings.

You want to send me a peach, and I want to give it back to Qiong Yao.

Not to thank you, always cherish your feelings.

You give me wood, and I'll take Joan Jiu in return.

Not to thank you, always cherish your feelings.

When the moon rises

The moon is bright. Beautiful and crowded. Shu Yao corrected Xi. I'm worried.

The moon rises brightly. Beautiful people. Relax, worry. Worried.

The moon is shining. Radiant. Shu Yao Shao Xi. I hope I can help you.

What does Guan Ju's whole poem mean in The Book of Songs? 1. Translation

Guan Guan and Ming's pheasant doves are accompanied by small and medium-sized rivers. That beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.

Uneven shepherd's purse, from left to right. That beautiful and virtuous woman wants to pursue her when she wakes up.

I can't get it when I pursue it, and I always miss her day and night. I miss you for a long time, and I can't sleep over and over.

Pick the shepherd's purse from left to right. The beautiful and virtuous woman approached her by playing the harp.

Rugged shepherd's purse, pulled from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings bells and drums to please her.

2. Original text

Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.

Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.

If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.

Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.

Pull shepherd's purse from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.

3. Brief analysis

Nan Zhou Guanju, a national style, is a Han folk song in the pre-Qin period. It is the first poem in The Book of Songs, and is generally considered as a love song describing the love between men and women. This poem skillfully adopts the expression of "xing" in art. In the first chapter, the pheasants are singing and falling in love, which raises an association of a lady accompanying a gentleman. In the next chapter, the act of picking shepherd's purse leads to the hero's crazy love and pursuit of women. The language of the whole poem is beautiful, and it is good at using double tones, overlapping rhymes and overlapping words, which enhances the phonological beauty of the whole poem and the vividness of pictophonetic expression. The Book of Songs is the first collection of poems in the literary history of Han Dynasty. It had a far-reaching impact on the development of poetry in later generations and became the source of the realistic tradition of China's classical literature.

How to write the appreciation of the poems in Guanju? Appreciation has been popular in recent years, but I think this kind of article is not easy to write. In particular, to talk about the works in Three Hundred Poems, we must first pass the exegesis and then understand the theme of the poem. Because wind, elegance and praise are far away, their appreciation is often in the exegesis of words. In the old days, 300 poems were regarded as classics, and the ancients said that each poem was attached; If you don't know the meaning of a poem, it is like a cloud in the sky and a haze in the daytime. You must see through the clouds to understand poetry. Here, I take Guan Ju as an example to illustrate, but it is inevitable that people will be cynical in a cliche way.

Today, probably no one believes in the so-called "Guan Ju" and "the virtue of empresses" in Preface to Mao Shi. It is said that Guan Ju is a processed folk love song, so I'm afraid it won't go too far. Qi, Lu and Han (including Sima Qian and Liu Xiang) all think it is irony. What is the explanation? In addition, the ancients emphasized the theory of "four beginnings" (that is, Guanju was the beginning of "wind", elegance, elegance and fu), and thought Guanju was the beginning. These all need our explanation.

I think there are two problems in their interpretation of poetry, whether it is the three poems of Qi, Lu and Han in the current literary school or Mao's poems in the ancient prose school: first, they don't understand that most of the "national customs" are folk songs, and they blame every poem on the emperors, queens or princes and wives of various countries; The second is to confuse the original intention of writing poetry with the later extended meaning. Three poets saw in Guanju that "I can't wait, but I am sleepy and think about it;" If you are leisurely and carefree, you will blame Zhou Kangwang, saying that poetry satirizes him for "losing his virtue", just as Sima Qian said in the preface to the Chronicle of Twelve Governors: "Lack of Zhou Dao is a poet's seat and Guan Yu is a work." Later, in order to oppose the three poems, Shi Mao violated the modern literary method and talked about the virtue of empresses, with the aim of saying that this was not a poem, but a poem of praise. If we realize that there are indeed many folk songs in the fifteen-nation system and eliminate the ways and means of taking them out of context, the fog artificially added by the three poets and Shi Mao will be swept away, and the true colors of poetry will naturally be revealed.

As for "Guanju" as the beginning of "national style", I think it is human nature. The ancients originally said that "300 poems" were preserved because they were singing music and had nothing to do with poetry, so some satirical poems or bold and provocative love poems were not deleted and eliminated by the ruling class. I think, judging from the content of 300 poems, it is always necessary to collect poems from all over the country before giving them music. The music you set must not be completely irrelevant to the content of the poem, but you can use irrelevant music scores at will. The reason why Guan Ju is the beginning of the "wind" is probably related to the content. Because there are some words in the poem, such as "Friends of the Harp" and "Music of the Bells and Drums", which are very suitable for singing at the wedding, I matched it with a melancholy melody at the beginning and a jubilant melody at the end as a sonata at the wedding. Because of love, it is human nature to cover "thinking about clothes while sleeping" and "thinking about it instead", so it is sad without hurting ("sadness" means beautiful and moving); Marriage between husband and wife is an excellent thing, and the collocation of a gentleman and a lady does not violate feudal ethics, so although it is fun, it is not immoral. In this way, it is naturally listed as the first of the "national style". Until today, when we meet a festive festival, we still have to sing some cheerful and lively songs and play some inspirational songs to get what we want. This is not superstition, but an atmosphere suitable for festivals. If you play funeral music and sing mourning poems when holding a happy event, whether it is auspicious or not, the superstitious view will at least have the opposite effect of disappointing and ruining the scene, which is always annoying. The "Three Hundred Articles" movement was formulated by the ruling class. Of course, good luck is needed. At the beginning of the article, the works reflecting the festive atmosphere are listed. This is not only in line with the interests of one's own class, that is, it is justified from the perspective of human nature.

2

Since ancient times, Guanju has been divided into two chapters. One is that every four sentences are a chapter, and the whole poem has five chapters. The other is divided into three chapters, with four sentences in the first chapter and eight sentences in the second and third chapters. Literally, I prefer the second method. The first chapter is a general introduction with an objective attitude; The second and third chapters begin with the hero. First of all, he said that he missed the lady and couldn't even sleep. Then, after he proposes to a lady, he will do everything possible to make her feel happy and comfortable. If the second chapter is close to reality, then the third chapter is romantic, and the lyric hero is intoxicated with the bright future of love success.

When it comes to the expression of this poem, there have always been two opinions. That is to say, among several expressive techniques of Fu, Bi and Xing, some people think that the description of "Guan Guan Gui Yu" and "shepherd's purse flowing unevenly from left to right" is Bi Xing, while "birds in the river and shepherd's purse" arouses a gentleman's desire for a lady and is the theme of the poem. Another view is that this poem is "Fu" from beginning to end. There are two explanations for saying that its technique is "Fu". First, the ancients often said that picking shepherd's purse was originally the "work" that aristocratic women (including empresses and concubines) should do, so it was "fu"; Second, modern people say this is a realistic love song. The young man took a fancy to the working girl who picked leeks by the river and confessed. Whether it's the singing of "pheasant dove" or the picking of leeks, it's what a gentleman sees and hears, and of course it belongs to the "straight" "Fu". These statements are reasonable, and readers may wish to refer to each other.

However, if I were to tell this poem, I would rather say "Bi Xing". The so-called figurative technique, especially "Xing", is not that the poet finds something out of thin air and stuffs it into his poems, but that he uses the actual scenery he sees and hears at present as the medium to express his thoughts and feelings and create associations by the way. We can admit that "Guan Guan's dove is in the river continent" is a real scene before the poet, but this pair of waterfowl snuggling and echoing each other on the river continent will naturally arouse the strong desire of unmarried young men to find a young lady as a spouse. When choosing poetry materials, the poet only took a fancy to "Guan Guan Ji Ge", which in itself reflected the role of "Bi Xing". Why else didn't the poet write something else? In other words, only a pair of waterfowl who write mutual harmony can be in tune with the theme of this poem, which is also typical. If it is confined to the framework of "Fu", it is close to the naturalistic explanation.

I also take "uneven leeks, flowing from left to right" and "accept it" and "learn it" as metaphors, which are based on words and phrases. The ancients said "flow", "pick" and "win" are mostly synonyms, that is, they all mean "seek", "pick" and "choose". Liu Xiang's teaching in the Western Han Dynasty (he was in charge of Lv Shi), Gaoyou in the Eastern Han Dynasty (detailed in Lv Shi Chun) and Ma in the Qing Dynasty (author of Shi Mao's Biography and General History) are all verified and credible. For example, in the Chinese translation of Yueren Song in Shuoyuan, there is a sentence "Liuzhongzhou" (this sentence has been revised), in which "Liu" is a synonymous compound word, and both "Liu" and "Liu" are taken. However, Zhu's Biography of Poetry adopted the original meaning of the word "Liu", thinking that this sentence refers to choosing shepherd's purse along the running water. Although this statement was criticized by Qing people (such as Yao Jiheng), I think Zhu's statement is based on real life. As for the "Yi", the old note also indicated the "selection", but Zhu interpreted "Yi" as "recommending it when you are familiar with it" according to Dong Yi's Poems of Guang Chuan. I think this solution is also reasonable. In modern Chinese, especially in Beijing dialect, we often hear the saying that vegetables are cooked with boiled water. That is, after the water is boiled, put the raw vegetables in, cook them and take them out. It can be seen that the process from "flow" to "mining" and from "mining" to "smashing" is a gradual process. "Left and right" originally refers to people's right and left hands, and is extended to the left and right sides. People work with both hands, especially when picking or taking vegetables, they always use both hands at the same time. This is also common sense in life, there is no need to resign.

When the exegesis is clear, talk about poetry. Choose shepherd's purse, and a lady chooses a gentleman. At the beginning of mining, the water was left and right, and the direction was uncertain; Just like a man begging a woman, he hasn't found a clear goal yet, so he can only find it slowly, just like looking for a favorite shepherd's purse in the water. When it comes to "mining", the goal is clear, and you will take it when you see it. After picking it, you have to "lick" it to make it edible, that is to say, only on the wedding day will life begin. So I call it Bi Xing, which comes from the exegesis of words.

three

Let's briefly talk about the artistic features of this poem. This poem is incisive and incisive, especially in the third chapter. The hero is really considerate and caring for the woman he thinks. The first chapter "My Fair Lady" goes straight without even turning a small corner. However, since the second chapter, the details have increased. The young man tossed and turned all night because he was "asleep thinking about clothes", which is indeed a true expression. The more restless you sleep, the more ups and downs you feel; When people are in love, they always think optimistically, so he thinks about how lively the scene will be when they get married, how harmonious the feelings will be after marriage, and how happy life will be. All these reverie, are from "leisurely, show the opposite" insomnia conjured up. Although it is subjective wishful thinking, it is not beyond our power. Later, the playwright issued a statement on behalf of the people in the play, saying, "May all shall be well, jack shall have Jill", which was too exposed; The author of Guanju, however, filled his eyes with rich and complete imagination, which was really "happy without lewdness, sad without injury". What is rare is that this is a typical oriental tradition of China's normal view of love, that is, he wants to be a couple with a lady (as can be seen from the word "good"), not just as a couple (this is different from the works in Zheng Feng! ), this is certainly branded with the feudal ruling class, but it also reflects the traditional characteristics of the Han nationality.

1950, I taught a special course on Shi Mao in the university for one year. A famous teacher (Mr. Feng Wenbing) lent me his lecture manuscript, and there is a passage about Guan Ju that has been passed down to this day. I would like to copy it down as the end of this short article:

"Xing" is a realistic skill, not bad. This poem is a matter of rivers and continents, obviously a folk product; The life of ancient working people (probably women) was seen in Cai You. We are strangers to picking, but we can understand the life of picking lotus, lotus root and diamond. Go down the river first, then take it to your hand, then cook it and serve it. It means that although a small thing is not easy to do (this is the real spirit of labor), it symbolizes the mood and twists and turns of a gentleman asking for a wife. When uncooked rice is cooked, it's time to "drum and play music", which means how long! At the same time, this kind of work is an immediate fact, not a virtual fantasy. It is both realistic and symbolic, which is a correct example of Bi Xing, and Bi Xing is the power of China's poetry. The queen is virtuous, but in the place where they dream of gathering pheasants, they may not see pheasant doves flying with me. However, this "Taishi" finally has a good eye for poetry. Unfortunately, the ancients did not know how to "learn from the people". (Xiaoru Publishing House: This passage comes from one of my post-robbery testimonials. It was written as my own words at that time, so it may be slightly different from the original text, so readers can learn it. )

Attached "Guanju":

Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.

Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.

If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.

Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.

Pull shepherd's purse from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman rings the bell to please her.

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What are the poems with Guan Ju in their titles? Eight and Year: Song Author: Liu Kezhuang.

A sleepy book wakes you up, and the things in the cup are broken.

Zi Mei called it white, but Zhong Ni said he would never come back.

Eating only fruit is better than eating meat. Walking with branches can be used as a car.

The sacred world has never violated physical properties, and there were no kite fish at the beginning of diving.

"Send four poems to Li Beibiao and"

Year: Song Author: Su Shi

The sound of home is cool, and singing the golden harp is also a solution.

Break the water and get fish, make waves in the lake, draw a cup and watch the sword sit on the light.

After the romantic farewell, everyone remembers that talents return to all kinds of strengths.

Don't be more greedy, coquettish assigned to Shen Xiang.

See and present a harmonious system.

Year: Song Author: Shao Yong

Self-denial is powerless in the world, and firewood is covered in winter and summer.

Qingyun road is steady and reactive, and bamboo bushes are sparse and idle.

You still spend a lot of money on your ambition, and you will make good wine.

I'm very old these years, and I'm afraid it's hard for talents to climb.

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