What are the top ten ancient songs in China? What are the four quintessences of our country?

First, "mountains and rivers"

This song was first published in China's earliest collection of piano music "Magic Secret Songs". In solving the problem, the book wrote: "The book" Mountain Flowing Water "has only one paragraph, which was divided into two identical songs in the Tang Dynasty, regardless of paragraphs. The Song Dynasty was divided into four sections: mountains and flowing water. "

Second, "Guangling San"

Also known as "Guangling Stop". The existing music score was first seen in The Secret Music of Magic. According to the editor of the book, this spectrum was handed down from the Sui Palace, from the Tang Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, and later passed down. The theme of Guangling San originated from the ancient song of Nie Zheng stabbing korean king. This work tells the story of a sword maker who was killed innocently by the king of South Korea. In revenge, his son Nie Zheng joined the palace and became a bricklayer. After the assassination attempt, he fled into the deep mountains to study the piano, and after ten years of stunts, he entered the palace again. He assassinated korean king by playing the piano, realizing his wish for many years and making a heroic sacrifice himself. "Guangling" refers to Qin Le who spread in Guangling (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu), and "Three" refers to "Cao, Yin and Qu".

Third, "Pingsha Wild Goose"

In the Ming Dynasty, this song was called Wild Goose in Pingsha. The music score was first published in the collection of authentic ancient piano scores. The melody of Pingsha Wild Goose is melodious and smooth, which describes the eyes of wild geese hovering in the air through their voices. "Piano Music of Astronomical Pavilion" wrote: "Take it as an example. Autumn is crisp, calm, cloudy and Cheng Wanli, and the sky is flying. Borrow the swan's eyes. So is the person who writes a reader's mind. " The Wild Goose in Pingsha appeared late, but it is one of the most popular works in the past 300 years, and nearly 100 piano scores have been published. The reason why it is widely spread is that its melody is smooth and beautiful, but also because its expression is novel and unique, which is easy for the audience to understand.

Four, "plum blossom three lane"

This song is a tribute to people who are noble in material virtue, and the characteristics of plum blossom, such as white, fragrant and cold-resistant. In the first half of the music, a quiet and comfortable overtone tune was played, which showed the noble and serene silence of plum blossoms. The second half of the rush describes the unyielding dynamics of plum blossoms. The two sections are different in timbre, melody and rhythm, with sharp contrast. The overtone tune in the same song is repeated three times in different emblem positions, so it is called "Three Pavilions". The existing Plum Blossom Sannongpu was first seen in Xuanpu (1425 edition).

Five, "flying daggers"

This is a big pipa with a historical theme. There is no definite theory about the age of music creation. These materials can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty. In Bai Juyi's famous long poem Pipa Trip (772-846), it can be found that the author Bai Juyi once heard the pipa music describing the fierce fighting scenes. The existing music score of this song was first seen in Pipa Travel edited by Hua Yu 18 18. The music describes the decisive battle in the Chu-Han War in 202 BC. The Han army ambushed the Chu army on all sides, Xiang Yu committed suicide in Wujiang River, and Liu Bang won. At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, it was recorded in the Biography of Pipa in Tang Dynasty that the pipa player once played a song of Chu and Han Dynasty: "The decisive battle between the two armies moved the world and the roof collapsed. Xu took a closer look, and there were golden drums, crossbows, war horses and war horses ... which made the listener excited first, then afraid and unable to cry. Too touching. " "House of Flying Daggers" is widely circulated and is one of the representative works of traditional pipa music.

Six, "Sunset Drum"

This is a lyrical and freehand Wen Qu with a beautiful and smooth melody, and various pipa techniques are used in the performance. Formally, the whole song adopts the ways of expansion, contraction, local increase and decrease and high and low area transformation. This song is widely circulated and is one of the representative works of ancient pipa music. The manuscript with the earliest score 1875. 1925 or so, Shanghai Datong Music Club adapted the music "Moonlight on the Spring River" according to this music. It is like a long scroll, linking colorful scenes together. Through the combination of movement and stillness, distance and proximity, emotion and scenery, the whole music is rich in levels and climaxes, and the poetry expressed by music is fascinating.

Seven, "the fisherman's question and answer"

There are more than 30 versions of this song, some of which are accompanied by lyrics. The existing spectrum first appeared in the Ming Dynasty. Music expresses contempt for those who pursue fame and fortune through the pleasure of firewood. The music adopts the way of dialogue between fishermen and firewood workers, with the rising tone indicating questions and the falling tone indicating answers. The melody is elegant and unique, which shows the leisure of the fisherman. As Qin Xue Jin Chu said, "Yuqiao Q&A" is meaningful and free-spirited, but the majestic mountains, magnificent water, tinkling axes and lingering songs are looming in your fingers. The question-and-answer session is reminiscent of mountains and forests. "

Eight, "Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia"

This song is based on an ancient poem of the same name, and the lyrics were first published in Zhu's After Songs of the South Song Dynasty. There are two biographies: Big Hu Jia and Little Hu Jia. "Hu Jia" was originally a wind instrument of ethnic minorities in northern China, which was used for military music with a loud volume. The theme reflected in Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia is the famous story of "Moon Hee returned to Han": during the war at the end of Han Dynasty, Cai Yan (that is, Cai Wenji) lived in Xiongnu for twelve years. Although she married Zuo, she misses her hometown very much. When Cao Cao sent someone to take her back to the mainland, she was reluctant to leave her two children. The joy of going home was overwhelmed by the pain of separation of flesh and blood, and her mood was very contradictory. The poet Li Xin once wrote this poem: "There was a woman in Cai who made a stupid voice. Long ago, she sang eighteen paragraphs of this poem one after another. The Hu people shed tears, and the Han people sighed. " When listening to Du Fu's performance of Hu Jia, the poet Rong Hong caught the sharpest scene of this contradiction: "Looking south, seeing clearly, Hu Er is dead." This song successfully expresses this complicated mood, which is undoubtedly very touching.

Nine, "Autumn Moon in Han Palace"

There are two popular ways to play this song, one is the Zheng; The other is Erhu Opera, which was handed down by Mr. Liu Tianhua. This song is intended to express the bitterness and crying of the oppressed maids in ancient times and arouse people's sympathy for their unfortunate experiences. The performance of Zheng music uses a variety of skills such as singing, sliding and pressing, and its style is simple. It is the representative of Shandong Zheng music. Erhu Opera, on the other hand, is slow in speed, exquisite and changeable in bow shape, with short pauses in melody and intermittent music. The use of various complex techniques shows the sadness of maids and has deep artistic appeal.

X. Chun Xue

According to legend, it was written by Liu of Jin State or Qi State in the Spring and Autumn Period. Song Yu wrote in response to the story of Chun Xue written by the King of Chu: When the singer sang The Lower Liba, there were tens of thousands of people among them. Later, it was changed to "Chun Xue", because the song was high and low, and only a few people sang along. Chun Xue and Snow White are two instrumental works in the existing piano score. "Magic Secret Spectrum" said in solving the problem: "In the spring, everything knows spring, and the wind is indifferent; Snow White is awe-inspiring and clean, and the sound of snow bamboo is beautiful. " The music structure of celebrity editors in past dynasties is more concentrated, more rigorous, more hierarchical, and the music image is more vivid. Become an excellent traditional music that appeals to both refined and popular tastes.

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Other answers *** 1

Top Ten Ancient Songs in China

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First, high mountains and flowing water. ...

"Mountain Flowing Water" takes "Boya Guqin meets a bosom friend" as the main line, and there are many kinds of Le Shu. There are two kinds of Qin music and Zheng music, both of which have the same name and different styles.

Guqin music During the Warring States Period, there was a story of Qin Le about high mountains and flowing water, so it was also said that "high mountains and flowing water" was written by Boya. The music score was first seen in The Secret Music of the Ming Dynasty (written by Zhu Quan at 1425). The solution of this score is: "Mountain Flowing Water is two songs, but there is only one. The first ambition is to care about mountains and rivers, saying that benevolent people are Leshan. The ambition of the future is to care about running water, which means that the wise are happy with water. The Tang dynasty is divided into two songs, regardless of section. The highest mountain is divided into four sections and eight sections of flowing water. " For more than 2,000 years, two famous guqin songs, Mountain and Running Water, together with the story of Boya guqin meeting a bosom friend, have been widely circulated among the people.

With the development of Qin's performing arts since Ming and Qing Dynasties, "mountain" and "water" have undergone great changes. The legendary secret score is not segmented, but later the piano score is segmented. Among many music scores since Ming and Qing Dynasties, Running Water, which was adapted by Zhang Kongshan, a pianist of Sichuan School, was included in Tian Wen Song Score (18 76) compiled by Tang Dynasty in Qing Dynasty. The sixth paragraph of the technique of "rolling, brushing, plucking and injecting", also known as "seventy-two rolling and brushing water", is widely used because of its vivid image and mixed scenes. According to the research of Qin family, before Tian Wenqin's Song Score was published, there was no sixth paragraph played by Zhang Kongshan in all Qin Scores, and the whole song had only eight paragraphs, which was consistent with the solution of the Magic Secret Manual. However, the biography of Zhang Kongshan was increased to nine paragraphs, and then the Qin family followed suit.

There is also a guzheng song "Mountain Stream and Running Water", the music is quite different from piano music, and it is also based on "Boya Guqin meets a bosom friend". There are many genres of music books. The most widely circulated and influential is the Biography of Zhejiang Wulin School, with elegant melody and meaningful charm, which has the appearance of "majestic mountains and flowing water".

Lu Pai's "Mountain Flowing Water" is an ensemble of four ditties: Qin Yun, the wind shaking the bamboo, the bell ringing at night and the rhyme, also known as four paragraphs and four paragraphs of brocade.

The Mountain Flowing Water of Henan School is based on the folk song Old Liu Ban, with a fresh and lively rhythm. Folk artists often play this song when they meet for the first time to show respect and make friends. There is no * * in common between the three and the guqin song "Mountain Flowing Water", and they are all different songs with the same name.

Second, Guangling Sanqin Music ...

Guangling San: Guqin music. Also known as "Stop Guangling", in Historical Records of Warring States Policy, it is recorded that South Korean Minister Yan Zhongzi had an enemy with Prime Minister Xia Lei, and Nie Zheng made friends with Yan Zhongzi to assassinate Han Xiang for Yan Zhongzi, which reflected a feeling of "a scholar died for a confidant". This is a common view, and the title of this song in the magic secret score comes from this story.

The Cao Qin written by Cai Yong in the Eastern Han Dynasty tells a historical story related to the Song Dynasty: Nie Zheng was a Korean in the Warring States Period, and his father was killed by the Korean king for casting a sword. Nie Zheng failed to avenge his father's assassination, but he was disfigured and went to the mountains to learn the piano 10 for many years. When I returned to Korea with my stunt, I didn't know anyone. So, while looking for an opportunity to enter the palace to play the piano for the South Korean king, he drew a dagger from the belly of the piano and stabbed the South Korean king to death. Of course, he himself died heroically. Modern pianists admit that this song originated from the HeJian Zaqu in the series.

Third, Pingsha geese ...

Pingsha Wild Goose is a guqin music with many kinds of music. Its original intention is to write a literati's mental journey through the eyes of a big owl.

Wild Goose in Pingsha: Guqin Song, which was first published in Gu Yin in Ming Dynasty (1634), also known as Wild Goose in Pingsha. Since it came out, more than 50 kinds of music collections have been published, and there are many music genres. Only 1962 published the first collection of guqin music, which included the scores of six musicians. The author of this piece of music is Chen Li 'ang of the Tang Dynasty. What Mao Minzhong and Tian Zhiweng said in the Song Dynasty was also said by Zhu Quan in the Ming Dynasty. Because there is no reliable historical data, it is difficult to prove who wrote it.

There are different solutions to the meaning of "Pingsha Wild Goose" and various musical scores. The song "Authentic Ancient Sound" said: "Take autumn as an example. Autumn is crisp, calm, sandy and calm, with clouds in Cheng Wanli and sky flying. Write Yi Shi's heart from the perspective of Honghu Lake. ..... the perfect rhythm of three ups and downs. The first play is like the guest of the swan goose. The sky is very ethereal, and the geese are in harmony, hidden and obvious, if they come. It wants to fall, look around and hover in the air; Will also fall. The sound of breathing tilted and swept three times around the mainland. It's down. It needs another one. It's just right to fly around and sleep in groups of three or five: mother and son can give in and taste it. " This description of the nature of geese is extremely profound and vivid. The whole song is euphemistic and smooth, meaningful and fresh. ...

Four, plum blossom three lane ...

Meihua Sannong: Guqin Music. Also known as Introduction of Plum Blossom and Introduction of Jade Princess, it is a masterpiece of plum blossom in China traditional art, and Magic Secret Music records that this song was first played by Huan Yi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Bao Zhao in the Southern Song Dynasty (about 4 14 ~ 466) Guo Maoqian's Poems of Yuefu, Volume 24, Plum Blossom Falls, said that "Plum Blossom Falls are also made on flutes" and that "its sound still exists today". In today's Tang poetry, there are also many descriptions of the flute "Plum Blossom Fall", which shows that the flute "Plum Blossom Fall" was more popular between the Southern Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty.

The music content of Three Lane of Plum Blossoms has been introduced in all previous dynasties, and the flute music Plum Blossom Fall from the Southern Dynasties to the Tang Dynasty mostly expresses the feelings of resentment and parting.

The piano music "Three Lane of Plum Blossoms" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties is characterized by plum blossom's arrogance, coldness, noble, unyielding moral integrity and temperament. "Huan Yi played the flute, played the plum blossom tune, and was superb, and later generations entered the piano." "Mei is the clearest flower, Qin is the clearest sound, and writing the clearest thing with the clearest sound should have the charm of ling frost." "Three strokes mean taking three overtones, which are different on the same string." It can be seen from here that it was first a flute music, and then it was adapted into a guqin music (it is difficult to determine who the author is).

The music used in today's performance is composed by Qin and flute of "Qin Qu Harmony" of Yushan School (edited by Qing Xianzu and engraved on 1820), with regular rhythm and suitable for ensemble. In the late Guangling school, the Jiaoan musical score (Qin Huai Han Ji in Qing Dynasty, published in 1868) has a relatively free rhythm, and the mode before the end of the song is refreshing.

Structurally, this song adopts the method of circular reproduction, repeating the whole theme three times, and each repetition adopts the overtone playing method, so it is called "agriculture, countryside and farmers". It embodies the noble character of Bai Meihua Aoxue Frost. 1972, Wang Jianzhong adapted it for the piano, and the tone was taken from it, playing Mao Zedong's Yongmei.

Five, fly knife ...

House of flying daggers: Wu Qu, a famous pipa tradition. It depicts the scene of the battle between Chu and Han, which is very story-telling.

The music score was first seen in the Pipa Story in the 23rd year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty (18 18). Before this score, only Chu and Han painted the same theme.

In Wang Youding's Biography of the Pipa in the Tang Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, there was a scene in which Tang Ying, then known as the Pipa in the Tang Dynasty, played Chu and Han: "The two armies fought a decisive battle, and the sky shook and the roof fell. Xu and examine it, there are golden sounds, drums, swords and crossbows, horses and chariots, all silent. Those who have accumulated grievances for a long time are Chu ci; Sad and strong, send other voices for the generous voice of Wang Xiang's elegy. Trapped in osawa, there is the sound of chasing horses. When I arrive in Wujiang River, there is the sound of the king's throat. I ride a horse to fight for a Wang Sheng. Let the listener get excited at first, then be afraid, and finally cry. " From this description, we can see that the plot and theme of Tang Ying's "Chu Han and House of Flying Daggers" are the same, which shows that this song has been circulated among the people as early as16th century.

Chu and Han dynasties were popular around Jiajing and Wanli in Ming Dynasty, and were deeply loved by pipa players.

Since the publication of Pipa Music edited by Hua in A.D. 18 18, every collection of Pipa Music has included ten faces. Segments and segment titles are different for each version:

"Fahrenheit Spectrum" is called "Ten Faces", which was handed down by Wang Junxi in Zhili, with thirteen paragraphs;

The name of "Pu" is "Huaiyin Pingchu", which was written by Zi in Sui, Qin and Han Dynasties. Zhou Jinshan Ruiqing Hou Qing School, where there are eighteen subjects;

Zheng Yang Xuanpu is called ten faces, one is Huaiyin Pingchu, the eighteenth section;

"Yingzhou Ancient Carving" is called "House of Flying Daggers", with ten paragraphs.

Six, sunset flute and drums ...

Speaking of moonlit night on the riverside, I believe many people know this famous folk music ensemble. Its melody, rich in Jiangnan silk and bamboo music characteristics, euphemistic and beautiful; The rhythm is smooth and changeable, and it is very poetic and picturesque in the East. Moonlit Night on the Spring River has always been loved by the masses. It has been adapted into solos and ensembles of various Chinese and western musical instruments, and it has also been used as lyrics in drama. It is the most well-known traditional music in China. But do you know that "Moonlit Night on a Spring River" was originally adapted from "Sunset Flute and Drum" by Wen Qu, a famous traditional pipa player?

Sunset flute and drum are also called Xunyang Pipa and Xunyang jathyapple. It is one of the representative works of Pipa Wen Qu. This song was circulated in Jiangnan area in the18th century at the latest. The Sunset Flute and Drum is a lyrical and freehand Wen Qu. The original music is divided into 10 paragraphs, namely:

First, the sunset flute and drums.

Second, stamens scattered, return air

Third, the mountain is close to the moon.

Fourth, the sunset is near the water.

Fifth, maple leaves and the sound of autumn.

Six, Chivalrous Chihiro

Seven, Xiao Sheng red forest

Eight, Linjiang night view

Nine, fishing boats sing late

Ten, one of the sunset shadows is also Zhouqu, which depicts the beautiful scenery of the world with a gentle melody and a peaceful state of mind: the sunset is sent away by the dusk drum, and the full moon is ushered in by the flute; People are floating in canoes and rippling by the river; On both sides of the strait, there are green mountains and green waters and flowers; The water is full of waves, and the oars add sound. ...

Seven, fishing salary question and answer ...

The fisherman's question and answer is a famous guqin music that has been circulated for hundreds of years, reflecting a hermit's longing for the life of fishing firewood and hoping to get rid of the fetters of secular affairs. The music is vivid and accurate.

Yuqiao Q&A: Guqin music, the music score was first seen in "Continued Music in the Taiyin Village of Xingzhuang" (1560 written by Xiao Luan in Ming Dynasty): "The ancient and modern prosperity is like a palm, and the mountains and green waters are solid. After a thousand years of gains and losses, this is just a word. "This song reflects a hermit's longing for the life of fishing firewood, hoping to get rid of the fetters of secular affairs. The music is vivid and accurate.

Yuqiao Q&A is a famous song that has been circulated for hundreds of years. There are many kinds of Le Shu now. "Qin Xue Jin Chu" says this song: "The meaning of the song is deep and long, and the expression is free and easy, but the towering mountains, the magnificent water, the tinkling of the axe and the sigh of the sound are looming in your fingers? ! What's the matter with you? Private? Go to the jungle to suppress the discharge? Upper of a shoe

At the beginning of the music, the tune is carefree, showing a kind of elegant and free style, and the echo of the upper and lower sentences arouses Yu Qiao's interest in answering. The change and development of theme tones, the continuous addition of new tones, and the use of scrolling techniques reach a climax in paragraph 7. Describe a hermit's uninhibited situation. Among them, the strong sound produced by the technique of throwing three bullets should be coordinated with the rhythm of segmentation, so that people can feel the towering mountains and the sound of the woodcutter beating drums and axes. The theme tone presented at the end of the paragraph 1 is repeatedly shifted and changed throughout the song, which leaves a deep impression on people. ...

Eight, Hu Jia eighteen beats ...

"Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia" was originally a piano piece, which was said to be composed by Cai Wenji. It consists of 65,438+08 songs with a piano, which shows Wenxi's homesickness, sadness and lofty resentment. At present, Qin Le is the most popular one.

Hu Jia's Eighteen Beats: Guqin music is said to be written, and it is a vocal suite composed of 65,438+08 songs, accompanied by Qin. "Pai" is the "first" in Turkic, hence the name "Hu Jia", which is why the sound of the piano melted Hu Che's wailing.

Huang, a pianist in the Tang Dynasty, was famous for being good at playing this piece. Li Jie's "Listening to Dong Da's Exalting" has a saying: "Mrs. Cai wrote this song for a long time, and after eighteen verses, the Tatar shed tears and grass, and the Han made him sad." In Qin music, Wenxi empathizes with sound, borrows Hu Jia's music which is good at expressing homesickness and sadness, and blends into the timbre of guqin, showing a noble resentment.

There are two kinds of biographies at present. One is Qin Song in Qin Shi (161kloc-0/year edition) in the Ming Dynasty, whose ci is Cai Wenji's narrative poem of the same name; First, the solo music recorded in the piano score of Chengjiantang in the early Qing Dynasty and its later scores, the latter is widely circulated in the piano world, especially the notation in Wang Zhizhai's piano score is the most representative.

The eighteen passages of the whole song * * * use three modes: Gong, Zheng and Yu. The contrast and development of music are distinct and divided into two levels. The first ten beats mainly describe the author's homesickness when he was in Woody. The latter level expresses the author's hidden pain and sadness when bidding farewell to young children.

The whole paragraph of this song is inseparable from the word "sadness" and has been adapted into a wind solo. When playing with a pipe, the sad voice is straight? %