What kind of hair did ancient people tie?

This hairstyle consists of a bun, some standing on the top of the head, some leaning to both sides, some spreading flat, some hanging down, and women's own hair is limited, often accompanied by' wigs' and jewelry, which is majestic and gorgeous. According to records, it is said that during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Empress Dowager Yaochi came to the meeting, and all fairies had different hairstyles and lofty rings.

The emperor ordered the official princess to follow suit, so he named it "Gao Ji Xian" and decorated it with various jewels such as gold hairpin, wind hairpin or walking wave, which made it even more magnificent and noble.

This high-circle hairstyle, with one to nine hairstyles, is the most distinguished hairstyle, and is often used to express the hairstyles of fairies, queens, empresses and noble ladies in mythology (as can be seen from the hairstyles of eighty-seven immortals and jade girls in Yongle Palace murals). Girls who have never left the room can also use it, but the decoration should not be too gorgeous. This hairstyle was quite popular in the Qin and Han dynasties and the pre-Qin period. After the Han dynasty, it was worshipped as a fairy hairstyle and adopted by celebrities and ladies.

Its forms are high, almost, hanging, overhead and both sides, and the number can be ligated at will, with many changes and flexible application.

Tie-comb weaving method, first tie the hair at the top, then tie it with silk rope, bend it into a tie, support it on a post, hold it high above the head or on both sides, and have a towering appearance, and then decorate it with various gold ornaments, which are noble and gorgeous, and are mostly used for goddesses, empresses, ladies and virgins. For example, Li's Goddess of Vimalakīrti and Lang's Du Qiuniang all belong to this hairstyle. There are many hairstyles in the paintings of the eighty-seven immortals and Yongle Palace. Generally, there are high-type, double-type, flat-type and hanging-type, which vary greatly.

Thread type

This is a hairstyle created in the late Han Dynasty. According to records, it was planned by Empress Zhen, and it became popular after worshipping each other. This hairstyle is made up of

The hair is divided into several strands and twisted around the head like a twist. According to records, when Hou Zhen entered the palace, there was a green snake in the palace. When Hou Zhen dresses every day, she winds the snake and shapes it, imitating Hou Zhen's appearance and combing it into a bun. The daily steamed bun is different due to the snake-like change, so it is named "Lingshe steamed bun". For example, the fairy in The Eighty-Seven Immortals and the fan in the picture of Tang Zhou's ladies also belong to this hairstyle. There are generally several forms of swivel changes, such as lateral swivel, cross swivel and overlapping swivel.

This hairstyle is flexible, vivid and charming, suitable for goddesses and precious women who have not left the room. There are many forms of this hairstyle change, which can be twisted around the top of the head, the side of the head and the front of the head. The changes are vivid and comfortable, especially in ancient ladies' paintings. It can be used flexibly in modeling.

Disk stack type

This hairstyle can be seen in paintings, sculptures and tomb murals in the Tang Dynasty. In the tomb mural of Li Huixian, Princess Yongtai, the granddaughter of Wu Zetian in Tang Dynasty, there are many stacked buns. According to records; Women in Chang 'an in the Tang Dynasty liked to comb their hair in a bun (that is, snail bun). The back, whose shape is towering but not falling, is called a bun.

All the rage in Chang 'an, this kind of "steamed stuffed bun" is mainly made in the form of folding. The method is to tie the hair with silk thread, and then fold the bun into a spiral shape by knitting, folding and folding, and place it on the top of the head or on both sides or on the forehead and back of the head. It can also be folded into various forms at will.

This hairstyle is very beautiful and decorative. In Wang Yuyang's poems, he praised "green snails are like steamed buns, so delicious". According to the method of plate stacking, various snails can be made. It can be used flexibly in modeling.

There is a saying in the Ci of Ninggong that "the bun is fragrant and fragrant, and the hairstyle prevailed in the Tang Dynasty, which can be seen in the existing paintings and tomb murals in the Tang Dynasty. The murals of Princess Yongtai's tomb and the fairies in the Eighty-Seven Immortals are all similar to this hairstyle. This hairstyle is beautiful and decorative, and is favored by empresses and ladies. There are many varieties, such as single snail, double snail, lily bun and Panheng bun.

Antiuniversal type

According to Duan Pinpin, this hairstyle is that the princess in the palace combs her hips backwards, which was also very popular in Sui and Tang Dynasties.

"Dressing Table" records that "Tang Wude combs a half-turn bun, bun and buttocks".

Inverted hair is to gather the hair high and turn it over, which also belongs to the hairstyle of high bun. It is made by gathering hair backwards, tying it with silk thread, and then dividing it into strands and turning it into various styles. Some combs are woven into the shape of bird wings, called "surprise attack bun", some are woven into single or double knives, called "rotary knife bun", and some are woven into fancy hair, called "hundred flowers bun". Cheng Yuanbao is called "Yuanbao steamed bun". Turn it into a high wall, which is called "high bun" and "flower beauty figure" according to the records of Dressing Table. "When Kaiyuan was combed, it was returned to the crane bun, and the imperial concubine made it a worry bun. When Zhenyuan was really a bun, it was attached with five-color flowers." This kind of anti-comb is difficult to weave and prevailed in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. It's the dress of empresses and ladies, such as the anti-comb in Han Xizai's night banquet. Its changes generally include "double-edged steamed bun", "surprised steamed bun", "Chaotian steamed bun" and "Yuanbao steamed bun". There are many forms and techniques, all of which are closely combined and tossed around.

This hairstyle is mostly used by ladies-in-waiting and imperial concubines. Girls who don't leave the room often leave a tail under the reverse bun so that it hangs over their shoulders, which is called "dovetail" or "parting bun". Although the names of the past dynasties are different, the basic hairstyles are similar, and they can be flexibly changed and referenced when modeling.

swallowtail

Spinal knot type

This hairstyle is the most common and widely used in ancient women's hairstyles. It has been adopted in all dynasties and lasted for the longest time, from Shang and Zhou Dynasties, Qin and Han Dynasties, Sui and Tang Dynasties,

Used in Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. It's just that the hairstyle is high and low, and the spine changes in the front, middle, left and right are different.

The combing method of this hairstyle is to tie the hair on the top of the head or on the side of the head, or on the forehead and back of the head, tie it up and tie it into a vertebra, which can be coiled into one vertebra, two vertebrae to three vertebrae, so that it stands upright on the top of the head or on both sides. There are mainly several categories, such as high-ridged bun, throwing home bun and falling horse bun.

According to records, Sun Shou, his wife, put the knot vertebra on the side of her head to make it fall off, which is called "falling horse bun", also known as "Liang Xin makeup". It was all the rage. When Zhao Hede entered the palace, he rolled his hair into a vertebra, which was called "emerging bun". Hongliang's wife Meng Guang likes to comb her hips. They are all similar to knots. The knot is cautious and gentle. If you master its carding method, you can transform or create various kinds of vertebral buns, which can be used flexibly in modeling. All kinds of vertebral buns are mostly used by married young women.

Symmetrical type is also called double hanging type.

This hairstyle has been used since the Qin and Han Dynasties, and it has been adopted throughout the ages. Its typical hairstyles are "double bun" and "haircut". Double hanging comb weaving method,

It is to divide the hair on the top of the head into two strands, comb it into a symmetrical bun or hair circle and hang it on both sides. This hairstyle is mostly used for maids, maids, maids or underage girls. According to records, from the Qin Dynasty to modern times, the most typical ones are Shuangji and Twin Bun, which are especially common in the preserved ancient paintings. This hairstyle is similar to the maid of the provider of the Thousand Buddha Cave in Dunhuang and the maid-in-waiting of Yan's Liedi Tu. Its changes generally include "double bun", "hanging bun" and "double flat bun".

"Double bun"

Mainly the hairstyles of maids, maids and maids. It is said that Qin Shihuang ordered ladies-in-waiting to wear double buns and suspenders, which were used throughout the ages until the Qing Dynasty. This hairstyle is to divide the hair into two strands from the top, comb it on both sides, tie it on both sides, and then tie it into two big buns, so that the two sides are placed symmetrically. It can also be tied symmetrically to make it droop, which is good for folk girls.

"haircut"

This is a kind of children's hair that can be used by both men and women. Because of its shape, it is called "haircut". Its shape is that the hair is divided into two strands, symmetrically tied into two vertebrae, placed on the left and right sides of the head, and a small lock of tail hair is pulled out from the bun to make it hang down naturally to the shoulders. This is the main hairstyle of children's hair in past dynasties.

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The most common hairstyles of women can be divided into the above categories according to their combing rules. In modeling, we can comb out more hairstyles according to various combing methods, such as bun, pin, plate, circle, twist and knot, and combine them according to dynasty, identity, age and personality to create better female hairstyles.

Semi-round bread

Women's hairstyles in the Tang Dynasty are varied. Duan of the Tang Dynasty wrote in Jipin: "There are semi-rotating bun, anti-wan bun and Leyou bun in Gaozu Palace. In Ming Taizu Palace, the double ring looks at the fairy bun, the Uighur bun, and the imperial concubine makes the worry bun. In Zhenyuan, there are soft buns and makeup buns. In Chang 'an city, there are lingering steamed buns, frightened steamed buns, family steamed buns and Japanese steamed buns.

In addition, there are descriptions of women's bun styles in Tang Dynasty in Dressing Table, New Tang Book and Notes on Ancient and Modern China. Archaeologists of cultural relics have seen the hair styles described in some ancient books in the pottery figurines unearthed in the tombs of the Tang Dynasty, as well as stone carvings and murals, but they are not as diverse as those unearthed in the three-color kilns of Tang Changan Pingkangfang in the eastern suburb of Xi 'an and Li Quanfang in the western suburb. This paper introduces the pottery figurines and their hairstyles that I found and collected in Sancai Kiln in Chang 'an, Tang Dynasty, so as to see the prosperity and openness of Tang society from the colorful hairstyles of women in Tang Dynasty.