[Reading Appreciation] How Middle School Students Should Read The Analects of Confucius

The Analects of Confucius is an important Confucian classic for Confucius' students to record their teacher's thoughts, speech and life, which focuses on the thoughts of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, and his disciples. We all know that since the Western Han Dynasty, when Dong Zhongshu wrote the Three Treatises of Heaven and Man, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "dismissed the hundred schools of thought and honored only the Confucians", Confucianism has been regarded as the state religion, and has had the most far-reaching and extensive influence on the political, economic, and cultural development of the Chinese nation, and Confucianism has almost become the deepest religion and philosophy of the Chinese nation. In the past one hundred years or so, due to the eastward advancement of Western learning, Confucianism, like other traditional cultures of the nation, has been discarded in the obsolete pile of old paper. However, although the Western culture under the banner of "science and democracy" was vigorously advocated by the "May Fourth New Culture Movement" and carefully transplanted, cultivated and grown, it is a pity that under the dissolution of the traditional culture, this foreign culture could not become the mainstream of the Chinese culture at all. Unfortunately, under the dissolution of traditional culture, this foreign culture simply could not become the mainstream of Chinese culture. On the contrary, under the influence of multiple cultures, the values of our nation have become more complex and diversified. In today's era of "economic globalization and global integration", the development of human culture is increasingly diversified trend, at such a crossroads, we really need to re-read the classics, from the profound traditional culture to draw nutrients, in order to speed up the development of the construction of a harmonious society to seek the source of thought and add spiritual impetus.

In such a social context, the CCTV, as the media with the highest public recognition and the widest influence, launched the "Hundred Schools of Lecture" program with Prof. Yu Dan of Beijing Normal University's "< The Analects of Confucius", which aroused widespread concern in the society, and even formed a "classic fever" in the whole society for a period of time. The "classic fever" is certainly welcome, but the key to the problem is how we should actually read the classics? How should we read the classics with what kind of mentality? How to absorb the essence and eliminate the dross from the classics. Below, and students talk about how secondary school students should read "The Analects" of this issue. Personal opinion, only for students' reference.

Today we reread the classics of the Analects of Confucius, the most important or the most direct significance is to "use the past for the present". On the other hand, if we blindly follow the trend of eating but not digesting, not distinguishing the essence from the dregs, or even mistake the dregs for the essence, and enjoying it there, this is not only a blasphemy to the classics of the Analects of Confucius and extremely irresponsible to the students and readers, but also extremely harmful to the building of a harmonious society.

We know that Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism constitute the soul of traditional Chinese culture, and compared with Taoism's "out of the world" and Buddhism's "afterlife", Confucianism, as represented by Confucius, practiced a positive "initiation". Compared with Taoism and Buddhism, Confucianism, represented by Confucius, pursues a positive philosophy of "entering the world" and emphasizes that life is a kind of practice. From a simple analysis of the eight words of Confucianism, namely "character, zhi, sincerity, righteousness, cultivation, qi, governance, and ping", which have always been advocated and pursued by Confucianism, we can see that Confucius and his Confucian outlook on life in fact encompasses three levels, namely, personal cultivation, building up a career and helping the world at the same time. And among these three levels, strengthening personal cultivation is the foundation of everything. Therefore, in re-reading The Analects, the first thing we should absorb should be Confucius' discourse on how to strengthen personal cultivation. Summarizing the Analects, we will know that Confucius attached great importance to his own personal cultivation and cultivation, emphasized the establishment of virtue and speech, and set an example with his own words and deeds. Emphasize "Aspire to the Way, according to the virtue, according to the benevolence ......". Confucius not only said so, but also take the lead to do so, as his student Yan Hui lamented that the virtue of the son of the husband "to look up to the high, drilling of the hard, look forward to, but not in the back ...... "," the mountains, Jingxing line stops! "The Confucius' moral character is not only the first to set an example for himself, but also the first to be a role model. Confucius not only take the lead in their own example, but also attaches great importance to the moral education of students, emphasizing that the first thing to do is to "set up a body", "set up a body" is the key in the The key to "establish oneself" lies in "establishing virtue". In the Analects, Confucius appreciated his student Yan Hui more than once. "A round basket of food, a dipper of water, in the ugly alley, people can't bear to worry, but the return doesn't change his joy. Virtuous, Hui!" Taking Yan Hui as a role model for cultivating one's moral character, he asked his disciples to take Yan Hui as an example of virtue. Therefore, I think the first thing for secondary school students to do is to re-read the Analects of Confucius is to retrieve the traditional morality, outlook on life and values of our nation that we have lost.

Of course, by re-reading the Analects, we will also feel that Confucius was not only a positive realist, but also a firm idealist. As stated in the Analects of Confucius, "A scholar cannot fail to fulfill his will, for the task is heavy and the road is long. To be benevolent in one's own way, is it not also heavy? To be benevolent in one's duty, is it not more important? To die before one's death, is it not far away? The pursuit of the noble value of sacrificing one's life for the ideals of "benevolence" and "the way" is expressed in the words of "The Analects of Confucius". "Riches and riches are the desires of men; if you don't get them by the Way, you won't be able to live with them." The firm adherence to ideals is demonstrated. It is this firm belief and the ideal of perseverance, so that Confucius even in Chen Cai between the fear as a "lost dog", but also do not give up traveling around the world to promote their own political ideas and social ideals. So, in today's era of value disorders and shaky ideological beliefs, middle school students reread the Analects of Confucius, we need to learn the most is the ideals and beliefs of the steadfastness, to find our lost ideals and beliefs, which is undoubtedly our urgent need to re-establish the important spiritual pillar.

The more important and direct practical significance of re-reading the Analects lies in the fact that in a society dominated by the market economy, people generally believe in the philosophy of pragmatism, in which profit comes first. In front of many worldly utilitarian interests, many people almost lose the correct value judgment and the pursuit of life. The purpose of re-reading the Analects of Confucius for secondary school students is to discover those sparkling thoughts in the classics that penetrate time and space. For example, "virtue is not repair, learning is not speaking, hear righteousness can not migrate, not good can not change is my worry" sense of worry; "see the virtuous think of qi, see not virtuous and introspection within the" sense of introspection; "rice sparingly eat and drink water, curved arm and pillow, music is also In which, not righteous and rich and noble, in me as floating clouds" lofty values; "benevolence for their own duties, the death of a strong sense of responsibility"; set up a "gentleman in righteousness, the small man in the interests of" the correct concept of righteousness and profit.

The Analects of Confucius is not only an important cultural classic, but also an important educational classic. Then, we secondary school students reread the "Analects", I think there is another important aspect, is to be good from the educational point of view to draw many of them on the learning attitude, learning methods of enlightenment. For example, the "Analects" of "three people must be my teacher", "keen to learn, not ashamed to ask", emphasizing that anyone who has us to learn, learning should learn from all people; and then, for example, "heard the Tao. The death of the evening can be carried out", emphasizing that human learning should be a lifelong thing, this is in fact the idea of lifelong learning that we emphasize today. For example, in the method of learning, the Analects of Confucius emphasizes "learning from the past to understand the new" and "learning without thinking is confusing, thinking without learning is perilous," telling us that learning must correctly deal with the relationship between learning and thinking, and deal with the relationship between inheritance and innovation, and that only by seriously inheriting and learning from tradition can we continue to learn. Learning to learn from tradition, we can continue to push the boundaries of innovation, cultivate the spirit of innovation and practical ability, we must lay a solid foundation.

Finally, the Analects of Confucius, as the new language curriculum recommended to our secondary school students as a compulsory extracurricular reading, we secondary school students read the Analects of Confucius also need to read from the language perspective. For example, many of the pithy statements in the Analects of Confucius have become classic idioms and maxims, which require us to accumulate them carefully and learn to utilize them flexibly when reading. Another example is that the Analects of Confucius is, after all, a literary classic, so we have to use the knowledge and methods of learning the literary language to read through the sentences in context to understand the meaning of the text correctly, and at the same time, we can also take advantage of the reading of the Analects of Confucius to broaden our reading horizons of the literary language and to promote the study of the literary language and to enhance the reading ability of the literary language.

All in all, today, we secondary school students reread the classics of the Analects of Confucius, we should read it with the vision of culture, education and language, and be able to use the glittering ideas in the classics and the wisdom of insight into human nature to awaken the good things of human nature that have long been sleeping in our hearts, so as to continuously adjust the mentality in the reality of the competition, to create a sound spiritual life, and to reshape the ideals of our life and the pursuit of values, to be able to use the classics in our minds, and to be able to use the classics in the pursuit of values. We can enrich our learning experience with the educational wisdom of the classics.