What is the content of cleaner production stage?

This is the highest stage of global environmental pollution prevention and control. The appearance of this stage is a sign that human's legal understanding of environmental protection tends to be mature, the result of the deepening of human environmental protection practice, and the sign of the continuous development of human economy and the continuous progress of science and technology.

In the early 1980s, industrialized countries began to adjust pollution prevention and control countermeasures, starting with changing traditional production techniques and technologies, improving the management level of enterprises and implementing pollution control in the whole production process. By the end of 1980s, developed industrial countries had successively entered the stage of cleaner production in environmental pollution prevention and control, and this countermeasure was legally determined as the main countermeasure of pollution prevention and control in their own countries. During this period, cleaner production technology has developed rapidly, and at the same time, the management level of cleaner production has also been greatly improved.

Cleaner production emphasizes three aspects: clean energy, clean production process and clean products or services, which can be summarized as follows: using clean energy and raw materials to produce clean products or provide clean services through clean production process. Among them, cleaner production process and cleaner products are the main goals of cleaner production. In other words, cleaner production summarizes the specific measures that should be taken to reduce environmental risks in the whole process of product production and consumption, and requires that the scope of environmental engineering is no longer limited to terminal treatment, but runs through all links of the whole production and consumption process.

Cleaner production is an important part of sustainable environmental strategy, a concrete application and embodiment of sustainable strategic thinking in the field of environmental protection, and a micro-level sustainable pollution prevention strategy. However, we cannot equate cleaner production with a sustainable environmental strategy. This is because cleaner production is the best technical management in the production field under the existing production mode and consumption mode, which pursues the sustainable utilization of local resources and cannot solve the problem of sustainable utilization of limited resources in a region, a country or even the whole world. Problems such as pesticide pollution and domestic wastewater pollution cannot be solved through cleaner production. If human beings want to fundamentally solve environmental problems, they should not only control the whole process of pollution from the technical field, but also take the road of sustainable development from the policy field and change the traditional development mode and consumption mode. Because of this, since 1990s, all countries in the world have chosen the environmental strategy of sustainable development, and global environmental protection has entered the stage of sustainable development.

Sustainable development is the highest pursuit of environmental management, which requires not only less consumption and no pollution, but also fairness between modern times and generations, so that production activities can not cause environmental problems to other places or future generations.