China's educational goals in different historical stages.

1, the purpose of education in feudal period

The purpose of education varies with different social systems, national cultural traditions and educational ideas. Xue Ji puts forward that "building the army and the people, teaching first", that is, educating the people to serve the rulers.

"Being elegant at night is the beginning of being an official" and "learning to be excellent is an official", that is, taking officials as bait and cultivating "sages and gentlemen" who abide by ethical principles. The "three programs" and "eight measures" put forward by universities also embody this concept.

2. The purpose of modern education.

The purpose of modern education is to cultivate scientific and technological talents. Starting from the wish of Qiang Bing, a rich country in Qiang Bing, it has gone through the Westernization School's "training technical talents" to Cai Yuanpei's "five educations simultaneously" to cultivate and perfect personality, and the educational purpose has been continuously injected with new connotations.

3. The educational purpose after the founding of the People's Republic of China.

The purpose of education is the general assumption and stipulation of the quality and specifications of the people trained by education. On the one hand, it stipulates the physical and mental quality of the educated, that is, the personality structure of the educated, including the development of knowledge, morality, intelligence and physical strength.

On the other hand, it stipulates what kind of social needs the trained people should meet. Academic circles are still discussing the meaning of quality education, which is generally considered as: all-round development, innovative spirit and practical ability, general education, personality and initiative development.

Extended data

trait

1, generality and abstraction

The purpose of education is often abstract and general, rather than specific and special. For example, "developing human rationality" and "cultivating qualified citizens in a democratic society" can be called "educational purposes", but expressions such as "developing the habit of exercising and paying attention to hygiene" and "correctly answering the election methods and procedures of the US president" cannot be called "educational purposes".

Because it is specific and special, it is more appropriate to call it "the goal of curriculum or teaching". Generally speaking, from the perspective of abstraction and generalization, "training goal" is more specific and special than "education goal"; "Curriculum and teaching objectives" are more specific and special than "training objectives".

It can be said that the abstract and generalized educational purpose is embodied through "training goal" and "curriculum and teaching goal", and its relationship is manifested in the relationship between general and individual, whole and part.

2. Ideal and ending

The expression of educational purpose always permeates people's yearning and pursuit for a better life, reflects people's views and understanding of ideal life and ideal society, and has a strong nature of surpassing real life.

For example, in the history of education, many educators regard "all-round development of human beings" or "full development of all talents of individuals" as the highest purpose of education. The expression of educational purpose like this is strongly idealistic. In a sense, it completely transcends the reality, even unattainable and cannot be fully realized.

However, it is precisely because of this ideal and inaccessibility that the educational purpose has a spiritual appeal. Remember, the realization of educational goals is long-term, and what can be achieved in a short time is definitely not "educational goals", but only curriculum or educational goals.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Educational Purpose