Historical Papers: On the Development of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

The definition of integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine is: "the science of comprehensively applying the theories and methods of traditional Chinese and western medicine and the new theories and methods produced by the mutual infiltration of traditional Chinese and western medicine, studying the structure and function of human body, the relationship between human body and environment (nature and society), and exploring and solving human health, diseases and life problems."

More than 40 years' practice shows that the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine initiated by China in the world has not only become a great advantage of medical science and health in China, but also a great pioneering work and contribution to the development of human medicine in the 20th century, which has brought profound enlightenment and far-reaching influence to the development of human medicine, especially the traditional medicine of various countries and nationalities. "Combinatorial medicine" (called "comprehensive medicine" or "third medicine") has been widely accepted by people and has become a new concept of human medicine in the 20th century.

The theoretical level includes: the comparative study of Chinese and western medicine and the study of its development history; The research object of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; The purpose of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine research; Clinical and basic subject functions of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Internal structure and discipline family structure of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Disciplinary characteristics of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Composition of knowledge of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Exploration of medical model of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: construction of theoretical system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

On the practical level, there are: research on the medical system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Research on preventive medicine system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on rehabilitation medical system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on health care system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on basic subject system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on scientific research system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on education system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on management system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

Methodologies include: research on clinical methods of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Research on scientific research methods of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on teaching methods and personnel training of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on technical methods of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine; Research on management method of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on thinking method of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on computer and information system in the field of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: research on philosophy and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine: application of mathematical statistics in the research of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

According to the conclusion that science and technology are the primary productive forces, academics are the foundation of career development. Therefore, the basic principle of "paying equal attention to Chinese and Western medicine" formulated in the 1990s is that both Chinese and Western medicine theoretical systems should be paid equal attention. We should not regard the West as more important than China, let alone learn from it. As far as the relationship between science and technology is concerned, science is the theoretical basis of technology, and technology is the practical application of science. Therefore, the core of "paying equal attention to both Chinese and western medicine" is that Chinese medicine and western medicine must pay equal attention to their respective scientific and theoretical parts, and can neither replace science with technology nor be used in West Africa in science and theory. Therefore, it is also a political issue to scientifically understand the strategic policy of "paying equal attention to Chinese and western medicine" in today's pluralistic culture and science between the East and the West.

At present, the prominent problems in the medical treatment, teaching, scientific research and management of traditional Chinese medicine are two westernization, that is, the westernization of traditional Chinese medicine in academic and management. These two westernization are the result of the above paradox, and it is still the primary problem faced by Chinese medicine. The concepts and methods of physiology and pathology in western medicine are used to explain the zang-xiang meridians, etiology and pathogenesis of traditional Chinese medicine, and the concepts and methods of pharmacology and medicinal chemistry in western medicine are used to replace the theories and prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine, which almost occupies the leading position in the scientific research of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the research of traditional Chinese medicine and soft science, which provide scientific basis for management, still has not received due attention. In some people's minds, "westernization of Chinese medicine" means "modernization of Chinese medicine"; Some departments even "temples are churches and monks are priests".

Traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine are two different medical theoretical systems, which are different from concepts and methods to concepts and categories. Therefore, the medical treatment, teaching, scientific research and management of TCM must conform to the theoretical and clinical characteristics of TCM. It is often said that talented people have a place. At the turn of the century, Chinese medicine is by no means powerless. The key is the question of how to do it. If it is in the western generation, Chinese medicine is misplaced. If you do this, you will do nothing, and you will have no place to stand. From this point of view, at present, Chinese medicine must completely get rid of its subordinate position to western medicine and stand firmly on its own scientific standpoint. Only one person can make a big difference. Therefore, to fully implement the strategic policy of paying equal attention to both Chinese and western medicine, we must first get out of the misunderstanding of westernization.

Facing the 2 1 century, the whole country must be soberly aware that Chinese medicine is on the eve of a once-in-a-lifetime comprehensive revitalization, which is the historical patronage of human scientific development to the excellent traditional culture of the Chinese nation. We must seize the opportunity and don't hesitate or waste time.

First, in the 20th century, with the rapid development of western medicine, the limitations of its own ideas and theories that western medicine could not overcome were increasingly exposed; The toxic and side effects of western medicine's chemical synthetic drugs and the lack of special treatment methods for more than two-thirds of internal diseases force western medicine to "return to nature" and hope to seek complementarity and self-help from traditional medicine. In the field of traditional medicine in the world, only Chinese medicine has formed a relatively complete theoretical system. Traditional medicine in other countries is still at the primary level in theory, but in fact it is only an empirical traditional treatment method and technology. Now western medicine seeks complementarity from traditional medicine, and its vision has focused on Chinese medicine. Therefore, "paying equal attention to both Chinese and western medicine" is likely to develop into the general trend of human medicine in 2 1 century. In this sense, "Chinese medicine should go to the world in an upright way" means spreading authentic Chinese medicine that is not available abroad to all countries in the world. Although this process needs to be carried out in a planned and step-by-step manner, it is by no means to westernize Chinese medicine and then send it abroad.

Secondly, China is the hometown of traditional Chinese medicine, and the only big producer of traditional Chinese medicine in the world. While meeting the domestic demand, Chinese medicine will gradually go to the world, so it is possible for Chinese medicine to develop into the largest knowledge-based economy industry in China. For example, the total annual investment in health care in the world is about 2. 5 trillion US dollars, and our big country with a population of 65.438+0.2 billion only accounts for about 654.38+0.6% of it. If Chinese medicine is gradually going to the world while it is constantly reviving, it is not impossible for us to make a share of the world's total medical and health investment 10% through careful organization and scientific management in medical exchanges, drug exports and medical services. In this way, we can get back $250 billion in foreign exchange every year. By then, Chinese medicine will naturally become a unique and sustainable economic growth point in China, benefiting all mankind. For Chinese medicine, this is our big politics. Therefore, TCM should not only be "westernized" or "lost", but also be revitalized and developed. (See the article "Strategic Thinking on the Survival and Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine"-China Science and Technology Herald, No.7, 1999).

2 1 the research on the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine will continue to develop in depth along the direction and goal of "promoting the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine" pointed out in 1996 Decision on Health Reform and Development in the State Council, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

(1) The knowledge of the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine (including the combination of traditional medicine and modern medicine) that has been formed in China will surely deepen its development. Practice will further prove the necessity, inevitability, superiority, regularity and innovation of the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine, indicating that the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine is an important direction of medical development.

(2) More and more scientists, physicians, pharmacists and even pharmaceutical enterprises at home and abroad will devote themselves to the research of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, so that the research of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine will develop in the direction of multidisciplinary, multi-level, high-level and comprehensive research, so as to absorb multidisciplinary knowledge, refine new medical knowledge, form new medical categories, produce new medical achievements and medical technologies, weave a new concept framework and network of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, construct a theoretical system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine, and promote integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine.

(3) It is still the main direction of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine research in 2 1 century to carry out prevention and treatment research closely around major diseases and common diseases that endanger human health and life, as well as research and development of new drugs and technologies. The combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine will surely become an important way to "comprehensively prevent and treat" human diseases.

(four) the discipline construction of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (including clinical and basic) will be gradually improved, forming a discipline system of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. Ensure that the development of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in China is in the leading position in the world.

(5) The medical education of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine will develop rapidly, and the education system will be constantly improved to meet the needs of social development and medical development. For example, the "general practitioner" in China must be a general practitioner who combines traditional Chinese and western medicine.

(6) The construction of medical institutions such as hospitals with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine will develop rapidly, and the advantages of medical institutions with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine in medical treatment, prevention, rehabilitation, health care, nursing and community health services will become increasingly apparent. The concept, methods and research results of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine will be further popularized and applied in various medical institutions.

(7) The medical knowledge of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine will be more popular, and the social knowledge of "Chinese medicine is good, western medicine is good, and integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine is better" will be further formed.

(8) The combination of Chinese and Western medicine will keep pace with modern medicine and traditional medicine, promote each other and develop together.

Promoting and realizing the integration of traditional Chinese and western medicine is the direction and lofty goal of medical development in China, and it is the common historical mission of medical and health workers and scientific and technological workers in China.

2 1 century is bound to be a century of vigorous development of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine. It is also a century of vigorous development of "combined medicine" which combines traditional medicine with modern medicine.

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