What are the national intangible cultural heritages?

It mainly includes Sangzhi folk songs, Jingzhou Miao folk songs, Lishui boatman songs, Tujia folk songs, Xiangxi Miao folk songs, Mashan gongs and drums, Xinhua folk songs and so on 15 national intangible cultural heritages. There are also 17 provincial intangible cultural heritages, such as Lizhou rammed song, Anxiang dangge, Huarong Ye Jia concept, Jiahe wedding song, etc.

The intangible cultural heritage of traditional music is an important part of Huxiang culture and the crystallization of the labor and wisdom of Sanxiang children, which has high aesthetic value and research value in music and literature.

1, Sangzhi folk songs

Sangzhi folk song is a local traditional music in Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, and it is one of the national intangible cultural heritages.

Sangzhi folk songs originated from the daily production and life of ancestors in primitive farming period. They are folk music and cultural varieties created, sung and accumulated by people in Sangzhi County, Hunan Province, with a history of more than 2,000 years. Sangzhi folk songs have bright rhythm, beautiful melody, rich tunes and various forms.

On May 20, 2006, Sangzhi folk songs were approved by People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists, with the project number II- 10.

2. Jingzhou Miao people sing.

Jingzhou Miao ballad is a traditional music popular in the border of Hunan and Guizhou in the southwest of Hunan Province, and it is one of the national intangible cultural heritages.

In the beautiful and fresh natural environment, the Miao people in Li Qiao imitated the harmony of nature and the melody found in production and labor, and after long-term selection and refining, they created unique Miao songs, which have a history of more than 5,000 years. Jingzhou Miao songs are melodious and magnificent, with rich genres and diverse forms.

On May 20, 2006, with the approval of China people and the State Council, Jingzhou Miao songs were included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage lists, with the intangible number II-23.

3. Song of Lishui Boatman

The boatman's bugle in Lishui is a kind of traditional music in Lixian County, Hunan Province, and it is one of the national intangible cultural heritages.

Judging from the records in the Annals of Lizhou and the memories of the old boatmen in the past dynasties, the boatman's chant in Lishui was initially produced and developed as early as the Ming Dynasty, and it has a history of more than 500 years. The theme of Lishui boatman's song is to reflect the miserable life and labor scene of boatmen. There are no fixed songbooks and lyrics, and there is no need to learn them specially. It was passed down from generation to generation by ancestors. Most of these songs are improvised and blurted out because of the weather, location and harmony.

On May 20th, 2006, Lishui boatman's shop was approved by People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council, and included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list, numbered II-33.

4. Tujia people hit the valve

Daliuzi is the most popular ancient folk instrumental ensemble in Tujia area. It has a long history, diverse tunes, exquisite skills and rich expressive force, and is a unique art form of Tujia nationality. A band composed of gongs, head cymbals and second cymbals can synthesize the skills of various musical instruments and give full play to their playing skills.

Usually three or four people play in an ensemble, so there are "three-person valve" and "four-person valve". "Five-person Liu Zi" was formed by the introduction of the Han wind instrument suona, and the combination of blowing and beating can add a festive atmosphere.

20 19, 1 1 The list of representative national intangible cultural heritage projects was published, and Hefeng County Cultural Center (Hefeng County Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center), Wufeng Tujia Autonomous County Cultural Center and Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center were qualified as protection units of Tujia Daliuzi Project.

5. Xiangxi Miao folk songs

Xiangxi Miao folk songs are an important part of Miao folk songs. Xiangxi Miao folk songs spread in Jishou City, Fenghuang County, Huayuan County, Baojing County, Guzhang County and Luxi County of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture in Hunan Province (the spread areas also include Mayang, Chengbu and Songtao counties in Guizhou Province).

Xiangxi Miao folk songs have a long history and the singing language is Xiangxi Miao language. Xiangxi Miao songs have many modes, complete musical structure, unique melody, free and complicated rhythm, diverse singing forms and strong national color. In 2008, it was selected as the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage in China.

6. Mashan gongs and drums

Mashan gongs and drums are a kind of folk percussion music circulating in Ningxiang, Hunan, which is similar to religious music and folk songs. Named after it originated in Mashan, Ningxiang County. Originally formed in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. According to legend, it was taught by a wandering monk and used as ritual music when the temple fasted.

During Guangxu and Xuan Tong periods in Qing Dynasty, Mashan gongs and drums music was greatly developed and improved, forming a rich musical system with unique playing forms, musical names, musical instrument modeling and repertoire connotation, which spread in many counties in Hunan.

7. Xinhua folk songs

Xinhua folk song, a traditional music in Loudi City, Hunan Province, is one of the national intangible cultural heritages.

Xinhua folk songs are the product of the integration of Han, Yao and Miao cultures. They originated in the pre-Qin Dynasty, flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and passed down in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Xinhua folk songs have long and short sentence patterns, and there are many interlinings in folk dialects, which are full of rap atmosphere. Can be divided into high cavity and flat cavity (low cavity).

On June 7th, 2008, with the approval of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the State Council, Xinhua folk songs declared by Loudi City in Hunan Province were included in the second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list, with the heritage number II-95.