What are the traditional masks in China?

Masks, called dog heads in ancient times, are also called masks, masks and masks, which mainly come from primitive witchcraft rituals or primitive music and dance. During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the manufacturing technology of bronzes was highly developed, and sacrifices prevailed in all social classes, and Nuo sacrifices prevailed in the world, and the development of masks ushered in the first climax. During this period, the fangxiang mask with the longest inheritance time and the widest radiation area appeared in China. During the Qin and Han Dynasties, Nuo sacrifice and hundred operas were the most commonly used masks, followed by funeral and hunting. The Sui and Tang Dynasties was the second peak of mask development. During this period, wood, bamboo, cloth and silk replaced bronze, hides and other materials. Masks are widely used in music and dance. At this time, the mask warrior Lan Ling appeared. The aesthetic function of masks began to occupy the first place. The Song and Yuan Dynasties saw the third peak of mask development in China, and court Nuo opera and folk Nuo opera prevailed. According to the shape, it can be divided into masks, fake heads, face ornaments, masks, portraits, masks, face changing and other types. Masks are the most common, and people usually call them masks. The mask is as big as the face of Otawa people, and it is worn on people's faces. There are holes in the mouth and eyes for talking, singing and facing outward objects. Another important feature is that most of them are plane reliefs, which are convex and concave, slightly arc-shaped, and a few are plane-shaped, which are made by painting, weaving and cutting. Masks are also widely used, such as dance, drama, war, exorcism, sacrifice and various folk activities. False head refers to a mask with a hat, which mostly covers the whole head when worn, leaving the position of eyes and mouth for rap performance. False heads appeared earlier than other masks in history, and most masks in primitive society belonged to false heads. After Song Dynasty, the important position of artificial head in mask was gradually replaced by artificial face. Face ornaments are small masks worn on the body as decoration and evil spirits. Ties are usually placed on the chest, arms or waist. Small holes are drilled at the top or both sides for threading. There are two kinds of shapes: human face and animal face, and most of them are human face. People often carve portraits of their deceased relatives on decorations and wear them on their chests to express their grief. Surface decoration mostly adopts plane relief, and some of them are made by intaglio line carving or other methods.