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The Four Famous Ancient Chinese Zither--Music Theory Knowledge

The so-called "zither" among the "qin, chess, books and paintings" is one of the oldest plucked musical instruments in the history of our country, now called the guqin or seven-stringed zither. It is now called the guqin or seven-stringed zither. The history of the production of the guqin is long, and many of the famous qin have written records, and have wonderful names and magical legends. The most famous ones are the "Horn Bell" of Duke Huan of Qi, the "Wraparound Liang" of King Zhuang of Chu, the "Green Qizi" of Sima Xiangru, and the "Jiaowei" of Cai Yong. Jiaowei" by Cai Yong. These four instruments are known as the "Four Famous Instruments". Now, this famous "four famous qin" has become a historical relic, but their influence on future generations has not disappeared.

1. Bugle Bell

"Bugle Bell" is a famous zither of the Zhou Dynasty. The sound of this zither is as deafening as the sound of bells and horns. Legend has it that Bo Ya, an outstanding qin master in ancient times, once played the "Horn Bell" qin. Later, the "horn bell" was passed on to the hands of Duke Heng of Qi. Duke Heng of Qi was a wise monarch of the Qi state, and he was well versed in music and rhythm. At that time, he collected many famous qins, but he especially treasured this "horn bell". He once asked his subordinates to play the horn of an ox and sing, while he himself played the "trumpet bell" to echo the sound of the horn. The sound of the horn, singing mournful, "horn bell" is played a sad melody, so that the attendants on both sides of each moved to tears.

2.Around the beam

Today, there is a "sound around the beam, three days never stop". Its origin is from a story in "Liezi": during the Zhou Dynasty, the famous Korean singer Han E went to Qi, passing through the Yongmen broke the money and food, and had no choice but to sell songs to beg for food. Her mournful voice echoed in the air, like the song of a lonely goose. Three days after Han E's departure, her voice still echoed between the beams of the house, making it unforgettable.

The name of the piano "around the beam" shows that the characteristics of the sound of this piano, which is bound to be a constant sound. It is said that "Around the Liang" is a person called Hua Yuan offered to King Zhuang of Chu as a gift, and its production date is not known. Since the king of Chu Zhuang got the "around the beam", all day long to play the qin for music, intoxicated in the qin music. Once, he did not go to court for seven days in a row, leaving state affairs behind. Consort Fan Ji was very anxious and advised King Zhuang of Chu, "Your Majesty, you are too immersed in music! In the past, Xia Jie loved the music of 'Meixi' and was killed; King Zhou misheard the music and lost his kingdom. Now, if the king is so fond of the qin 'around the beam' that he does not come to court for seven days, is he also willing to lose his country and his life?" King Zhuang of Chu fell into deep thought. He couldn't resist the temptation of the qin, so he had to give up his love and ordered someone to pound the qin with an iron ruyi, and the body of the qin was broken into several pieces. From then on, the envy of millions of famous qin "around the beam" extinct.

3. The Green Qi-Qi

The Green Qi-Qi is a zither played by Si Ma Xiangru, a famous literati in the Han Dynasty. Originally, Si Ma Xiangru's family was poor and had four walls, but he was very famous for his poems and fugues. The king of Liang asked him to compose a fugue, and Xiangru wrote a fugue called "Ruyu Fugue" to present to him. He wrote a "Ruyu Fugue" and presented it to the king. This fugue had magnificent words and extraordinary rhythms. The king of Liang was extremely pleased, so he gave him his own collection of "green qi" zither in return. The "green qin" is a heirloom zither, there is an inscription inside the zither that says: "Tong and zinc combined essence"

That is, the essence of the combination of tung wood and zinc wood. When Xiangru got the "green qin", it was like a treasure. His mastery of the zither was matched with the wonderful sound of the "Green Cherry", which made the "Green Cherry" zither famous for a while. Later, "green qin" became the nickname of the ancient qin.

Once, Sima Xiangru visited a friend, and the rich Zhuo Wangsun hosted a banquet. When the banquet was in full swing, the people said, "I heard that you can play 'green qin' very well, please play a song for my generation to enjoy." Xiangru had long heard that Wenjun, the daughter of Zhuo Wangsun, was talented and proficient in the zither, and that she admired him greatly. Sima Xiangru played the zither song "Phoenix" to woo her. After listening to the song, Wenjun understood the meaning of the song and blushed and was mesmerized by it. She fell in love with Xiangru's literary talent, and in order to honor the "meeting of the soulmate", she ran to Xiangru's residence at night and concluded a good relationship. From then on, Sima Xiangru pursued Wenjun with his qin, which has been rumored to be the best story in the world.

4. Jiaowei

"Jiaowei" is a zither made by Cai Yong, a famous literati and musician of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Cai Yong in the "death of the river and sea, far away from the Wu will", once in the fire to rescue a section of not yet burned, the sound of abnormal sycamore wood. According to the length and shape of the wood, he made a seven-stringed zither, and the sound was really extraordinary. Because the end of the instrument was still scorched, it was named "Jiaowei". "Jiao Mei" is famous for its pleasant sound and unique production method.

At the end of the Han Dynasty, after Cai Yong was brutally murdered, the "burnt tail" zither was still intact and kept in the royal treasury. 300 years later, when Emperor Ming of Qi was on the throne, in order to appreciate the superhuman zither skills of the guqin master, Wang Zhixiong, he ordered people to take out the "burnt tail" zither that had been stored for many years, and gave it to Wang Zhongxiong to play. He ordered someone to take out the "Jiaowei" zither, which had been stored for many years, and gave it to Wang Zhongxiong. Wang Zhongxiong played the instrument for five days and improvised the "Chagrin Song" to Emperor Ming. In the Ming Dynasty, Kunshan Wang Fengnian still collects the "Jiaowei" zither made by Cai Yong.