What is the relationship between idioms and China culture?

Idioms are the essence of China's language and culture and contain rich cultural connotations of the Chinese nation. These idioms with strong vitality, like living fossils in language, provide valuable and rich materials for us to study the relationship between language and traditional culture.

The cultural characteristics of Chinese idioms are mainly manifested in two aspects, one is the form of idioms, and the other is the content of idioms. From the formal point of view, the external form dominated by four-character lattice, the word-formation components dominated by monosyllabic words, the pursuit of flat and harmonious phonological collocation, the symmetrical internal relationship between components, and the extensive use of numerals indicating empty reference. These formal features, like cultural symbols, reflect the development history of Chinese from different angles and sides, and the development process of China's history and culture.

In terms of content, Chinese idioms, as carriers of national culture, accurately and comprehensively express the basic content of China culture and reflect the unique way of thinking, aesthetic taste and value system of the Chinese nation. Through Chinese idioms, we can understand all aspects of China's traditional culture: from astronomical calendar, mountain geography, religious history to literature and art, palace architecture, diet and daily life; From politics and military, morality and ethics, ideas to laws and regulations, customs and habits, clothing and music. It can be said that Chinese idioms are a window and platform to show us the essence of traditional culture.

The following examples illustrate the relationship between China idioms and traditional culture.

1, idioms and costume culture. In ancient China society, clothing was a special cultural symbol. "Cocktail gown" and "Pearl ring jade" are the dresses of concubines and aristocratic women in the harem, and ordinary working women can only be "Chai Jing cloth skirts"; The crown band and the simple black veil are worn by court officials, while the rich wear the autumn and winter ge and silk satin, while ordinary people can't ask to wear the square scarf robe and Emei Bo band, so they can only wear short brown knots and reverse clothes. "Praise clothes to bring wealth" and "square towel and wide clothes" are the costumes of ancient Confucian scholars. The "Cocktail Crown and Summer Palace" represents the noble beauty of ancient ladies, the "Emei Wave Belt" shows the nobility and elegance of ancient literati, and the "square scarf and rich clothes" shows the elegance and calmness of ancient literati ... In case of happy events, you should "wear red clothes" to celebrate, and in case of funeral, you should "wear hemp Dai Xiao" to express your grief.

In the history of the Han nationality, color also plays different roles, both respecting and feeling inferior. Yellow is the color of the emperor, so the proclamation issued by the emperor is called yellow list, and the clothes he wears are called yellow robe; Zhu, Zi, Qing and Green are all different colors, and the first two colors represent the highest rank of feudal bureaucrats. Therefore, the words "Zhu Peizi" and "Big Red and Big Purple" are used to indicate that they are in high positions and have high status; The latter two colors are the colors of the official uniforms of middle and lower officials, which symbolize low status, so "white hair and blue" represents the frustrated people in officialdom; White is the color of ordinary people's clothes, and the idiom "Untitled Scholar" refers to a scholar who has not yet become an official. The bright colors of clothing reflect the strict hierarchical system in ancient China.

From the strict regulations on clothing in ancient times, it can be seen that clothing is the external expression of ancient people's social status, economic strength, interest and moral integrity, thoughts and feelings, so it is not surprising that there are so many idioms related to clothing in Chinese.

2. Idioms and architectural culture. There are many idioms related to architecture, such as:

Carving beams and painting buildings are magnificent, antique and magnificent.

High-rise buildings with blue tiles and white walls, pavilions, dance floor pavilions and singing buildings are fascinating.

The disaster began with a small wall, a small room and a winding path leading to a secluded place in Jincheng Tang Chi.

Biwa Bamboo Stick Carving Blue Rain Qiong Lou Yu Pengyu Door Leather Shearing Taylor Xie

The ancient architecture in China reflected by these idioms has great national and cultural characteristics. For example, "carving a beam and painting a building" means that the pillars are decorated with carvings and paintings to describe the grandeur of the building. The third fold of Yuan's "Seeing Money Slave" said: "This is a shrine carved with beams and painted with paintings." Cao Xueqin wrote in the third episode of A Dream of Red Mansions: "There are five houses in the front, all of which are ~, and there are birds hanging on both sides of the veranda across the mountain."

In ancient China, palace buildings on balconies pursued gorgeous and beautiful interior and exterior decoration. The exquisite carvings and gorgeous color paintings on the beams not only highlight the aesthetic pursuit of ancient people in architectural design, but also reflect the distinct differences in hierarchy and economic status.

For another example, "high-rise building" refers to a tall and luxurious building. Among these buildings, the grandeur and luxury of ancient palace halls are unparalleled. In the early years of the Western Han Dynasty, Xiao He presided over the construction of Weiyang Palace, saying: "The son of heaven is not strong enough to make the four seas his home." It can be seen that the large-scale palace terrace is not only a building for living and viewing, but also a tool to consolidate political power and a symbol to declare power. Therefore, emperors of all dynasties attached importance to capital and palace buildings, thus forming a tradition.