Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) looks at the pulse and rhymes.

Chinese medicine looks at the pulse formula

Chinese medicine four diagnosis and syndrome differentiation formula

In the long-term medical practice, Chinese medicine has summed up four methods of judging diseases, which are looking, smelling, asking and cutting. Visiting is that doctors use vision to observe the changes of the whole body or part of the patient's spirit, color, shape and state; Smell diagnosis means that doctors can distinguish the changes of patients' voice and smell by hearing and smell; Consultation means to know the occurrence and development process of the disease, as well as the current symptoms and other conditions related to the disease by asking patients and their families; Pulse diagnosis, including pulse-taking and palpation, is a method to diagnose diseases by pulse-taking and touching the patient's skin, hands, abdomen, limbs and other parts.

Chinese medicine believes that qi and blood circulation and inductive conduction can transmit diseases and pathogens.

The channel to reflect the pathological changes is the meridian, which has the functions of connecting the limbs of zang-fu organs and communicating the inside and outside, and closely connects the human body into a unified whole like the telephone network. Therefore, local changes can affect the whole body through the meridian, and the pathological changes of viscera can be reflected on the body surface. On the contrary, Chinese medicine can infer the changes of viscera through external examination, which is the basis and basis for Chinese medicine to diagnose diseases.

Section 1 Visit

1. Look at God

The severity of illness depends on looking at God, being quiet and not impetuous, being ill in the yin, being in a trance due to blood deficiency and fluid loss, being dull and depressed and hurting seven emotions.

fidgety and exhausted, people's hearts are full of excitement, and fatigue is seen after fatigue, so don't be surprised when you are in the chest.

2. Look at the color

The rise and fall of qi and blood depends on the color, with yellow dominating dampness and red dominating heat, blue color belonging to wind and liver, and kidney disease being overworked and black.

White refers to cold and evil lung, and it is distinct and dark, and the latter is in the front and the outside, and you should know the new disease after a long illness.

3. Looking at the shape

It is also important to wait and see the shape. It is important to distinguish obesity from emaciation. Fat people are prone to phlegm when they are wet, and it takes a lot of effort to get sick in the middle storm.

Thin people suffer from deficiency of body fluid and yin and blood, hyperactivity of fire, overworked cough, and tendons and bones in fingernails, which is a symptom of clinical syndrome differentiation.

4. Other forms

Angular arch is convulsive, mouth and eyes are askew, the wind falls off, the hair is tired, the lungs are flaccid, and the skin is wrong and bloody.

Neck-strong stiff neck syndrome, hand-foot convulsion and sudden shock, paralysis of lower limbs as foot flaccidity, partial dryness and tremor are different.

5. Look at the head and face

The head and face are swollen with big head and plague, nephritis with wind swelling and boils, and the protruding head attacks the brain marrow with fire, otherwise it is congenitally deficient.

fontanel is not suitable for kidney qi deficiency, so shaking your head should distinguish between long-term and new. Chronic illness and weakness are deficiency syndrome, and wind and evil can make people strong.

6. Looking at the hair

Black hair is normal, white blood is failing, and all kinds of heat of qi and blood are yellow, hair loss is fine and blood is dry, and hair dryness and weakness will be disastrous.

As a result of infantile malnutrition, it is necessary to arrange the quality of hair moistening, and the prognosis of blood gas is good before it decays. Sweating will lead to asthma.

7. Look at the eyes

Eyes are full of luster and look, eyes are dull and look weak, those with yellow eyes are jaundice, eyes are red and swollen, and liver heat comes.

The syndrome of exposing eyes during sleep due to spleen deficiency, stroke, liver blindness, dilated pupils is a crisis, and it is difficult to cure the disease with all kinds of drugs.

8. Look at the nose color

The nose is as hot as bituminous coal, the spleen and lung meridians are heated by red and red wind, and the color is white and qi-deficient or blood-dead. If it is black, it will be exhausted.

Nose wing agitation belongs to lung heat, and epistaxis is mostly caused by heat injuring yin, clearing nasal discharge due to exogenous wind-cold syndrome, and turbid nasal discharge due to wind-heat nose deep source.

9. looking at the mouth and lips

mouth spasm, syncope or stroke, with mouth opening leading to different diseases, there is excess heat in the heart meridian of mouth cavity, and aphtha, heart and spleen heat attack.

The mouth is crooked, the line is dropped, the goose's mouth is full of snowflakes, the lip movement and spleen deficiency are difficult to take, and the cleft lip is often dry and ill.

1. The shape of the tongue

The tongue has prickles and deep heat, and the swelling is mostly caused by stopping drinking water. The tongue has accumulated heat in the heart and spleen, and the heart of the wooden tongue burns the gods.

Prolonged middle-wind deficiency syndrome, tongue rolling, cystic contraction, Jue Yin, hard apoplexy, dystrophy, and slippery to wet phlegm and dry body fluid.

11. The shape of tongue coating is

thick, with phlegm wet and thin on the surface, greasy coating dirty and turbid with external pathogens disturbing, slippery with normal cold and dampness, and dry tongue and yin hurting body fluid.

white rot, lung carbuncle, yellow rot and stomach rot, tongue fissure, yin deficiency and less vital qi, mottled and refuted syndrome, and white mold is difficult to treat with medicine.

12. Red tongue is the main disease

The tongue is red and hot, and yin deficiency and fire may be strong. The red color beside the tongue is liver heat, and the tip of the tongue is attacked by fire.

Mirror tongue is caused by internal consumption of body fluid, stomach yin deficiency, dry and red tongue, epistaxis in the tongue and pericardial heat, and spot heat is evil in human blood.

13. Crimson tongue is the main disease

Every time the heat of crimson tongue spreads to the camp, both qi and blood burn to be really yin, and the pericardium is moist with evil, and the crimson tongue is dry in the stomach.

The tip of the tongue is crimson and the heart is burning with fire, and the crimson tongue is dirty, greasy and turbid, and it dries up and withers the kidney yin, and the crimson tongue is poisonous to the heart.

14. The main disease of purple tongue

The swollen purple tongue is flushed with wine, and the purple color is dark and blood stasis. The purple color belongs to yin syndrome, and the disease goes straight to the liver and kidney meridians.

purple and white fur in the center, typhoid fever after drinking is not mild, purple tongue and dry fur are yellow and dry, and viscera elements are hot and spleen and stomach are full.

15. White fur is the main disease

When pathogenic factors attack silver carp, white fur is seen, and the exogenous wind-cold is white and slippery, and phlegm inside is slippery and sticky, with red edges and wind-heat coming from the lungs.

white with yellow will spread to the interior, thick and white, causing disasters of heat and dryness, and the plague of accumulated powder is filthy and turbid, and the tongue is white, smooth and tender, with deficiency and cold.

16. The main disease of yellow fur

Yellow fur is mostly transmitted by white fur, and yellow fur belongs to internal heat first, with damp-heat interaction blocking yellow and greasy, yellow and thick Yangming excess heat inflammation.

The fur is yellow and dry, and it is scorched by internal fire. When it is dry, it is black and pricked into cracks, and the heat accumulation is deep and yin is exhausted, so it is difficult to cure it.

17. The main disease of gray fur is

the middle yin meridian is dry with gray, the gray is hot and dry, and the body fluid is injured. At four or five o'clock in the middle, the evil heat spreads in the interior and stays in food and storage.

If the face is black and the fur is gray, it means storing blood; if people are crazy in their eyes, and the fur is black and smooth, the spleen will be too cold when it is threatened by water.

18. The main disease of black fur is

white and the center gradually turns black, and there is pathogenic heat in the spread of typhoid fever, and the center is black and the tongue is red, and this color appears in bad diseases.

dark and dry, cracked body fluid is dry, dark and smooth, cloudy and cold, and the lower energizer is hot and the root of the moss is dry, and there is no moss tip, which makes the heart fire.

19. looking at phlegm

thick phlegm is hot and thin, cold, and phlegm with pus and lung abscess, with blood in the sputum, hurts lung collaterals, and chronic illness is internal injury due to deficiency fire.

2. Looking at the blood

Red refers to excess heat, light heat and deficiency, thick color, red pathogenic heat, liver blood and lung collaterals, and purple refers to qi, fullness, blackness and blood stasis.

21. loose stools

most of them are cold in the intestine, with excessive heat and fluid, dry stools, blood, spleen deficiency or hemorrhoid leakage, which are like sheep excrement, and life is hard to live.

Dysentery is usually accompanied by purulent blood, which does not turn into deficiency of Yang after finishing the grain. Black stool is more common with bleeding syndrome, and the excess heat in the intestine turns dark yellow.

22. Looking for urine

Damp-heat is mixed with urine, hematuria in bladder and kidney meridian, dark yellow liver and gallbladder with excess heat, which belongs to cold deficiency and clear urine.

the amount is more common in diabetes syndrome, short and red frequency of damp-heat in lower energizer, oliguria, edema and hemorrhagic fever, and the channel is not accessible.

23. Looking at the hands and feet

Hand and foot twitch and convulsion, limb pain and arthralgia syndrome, hemiplegia mostly caused by middle, damp-heat erysipelas pain and redness.

Qi-blood deficiency syndrome of tremor, giving up yang and grasping yin attack, clubbing refers to cor pulmonale, and varus foot syndrome is different.

24. looking at the skin

onychomycosis, lung flaccidity, dry blood and fatigue, hair burning and lung dying, yellow, hot and humid, white, dark, cold and not deep.

Red is fever or erysipelas, and the jaundice is flat and swollen, and measles _ carbuncle and chickenpox have their own symptoms, so we should remember them well.

25. Looking at the chest and abdomen

Cartilage disease is chicken breast, barrel emphysema is common, ascites is reddish yellow, whereas skin is white.

The touch of flatulence is like a drum roll, and the sound of water swelling and buckling is not loud, and the chronic disease of the umbilicus is more difficult to treat, and the swelling of the umbilicus is accompanied by umbilical wind.

Smell and diagnose in the second quarter

1. Language

There are more symptoms of high voice and heavy turbidity, while low voice is insufficient for Zheng to be empty, and delirium is mostly caused by excess heat, and sighing is defined as emotional discomfort.

aphonia is true and evil to the lungs, hoarseness is the relief of deficiency, and scolding is all caused by madness, and people who groan are suffering.

2. Breathing

Breathing is normal on average, wheezing is characterized by high sound, shortness of breath, lung deficiency or retention of drink, and wheezing is phlegm obstruction and wind-cold.

The rough qi is mostly due to steaming the lungs with heat, and the nose is irritating, short of breath, and the lungs are hot, and the nasal congestion and nasal snoring are caused by exogenous factors.

3. Hiccup and belching

Hiccup due to excess heat is high and persistent, and, er, the voice is low and slow, resulting in deficiency and cold. Hiccup should be avoided in the later stage of a long illness, and belching is not only qi stagnation.

Er, eating sour food can't be digested. It's good news to be sick for a long time. Those who owe it are tired and tired, and the cold in the intestines is as heavy as thunder.

4. Cough

Dry cough, fatigue or lung injury, heavy phlegm and cold, heavy and turbid cough with phlegm and dampness, and asthenia and deficiency syndrome is shaoyang.

children's diseases are seen when they are choking and coughing, and they are suffering constantly, and the combination of internal and external evils in dumb cough leads to a long course of disease.

5. odor

putrefaction is mostly transmitted by pestilence, with turbid nasal discharge and foul smell as nasal cavity, and there is excess heat in the mouth and stomach, which can quench thirst and make urine sweet.

indigestion due to vector odor, acid and foul vomit, hot urine and turbid urine in the bladder, metrorrhagia and malodor, which is difficult to recover.

asking about the fever in the third quarter

1. asking about the fever

the cold and heat are less yang, and the aversion to cold and fever is superficial, but the cold is not hot, but the yin is full, and the yang is full, but the heat is not bad.

sweating with superficial nothingness and excessive sweating, injury due to prolonged heat, yin deficiency due to bone steaming and fatigue heat, which is strong for internal heat.

2. Ask about the time of fever

Exogenous fever is irregular, and fever in the morning is due to deficiency of qi, and the wet temperature is common in the afternoon, and the hot tide in the day is cloudy and bright.

yin deficiency and blood-heat are severe at night, and food stagnation belongs to children, with occasional cold and heat, and the time of malaria is fixed.

3. asking about sweating

spontaneous sweating is yang deficiency, night sweats are yin, sweating is hot and pathogenic in yin, cold sweat is yang deficiency, and sweating is like oily yang.

There are both ups and downs in war and sweat. After sweating, the body is full of heat and evil spirits, the heart yin is insufficient, the heart and chest are sweaty, and the qi and blood are deficient and the body is sweaty.

4. Ask the headache time

Headache in the morning belongs to qi deficiency, headache in the afternoon is bleeding, headache due to yang deficiency is heavier in the day, and headache due to yin deficiency stays at night.

5. Asking about the nature of headache

Pain is often caused by external factors, and sometimes it is only internal injuries. Headache due to wind-cold is severe, and headache due to excessive heat is irritable.

Dizziness leads to pain, dampness and phlegm obstruction, headache is wrapped in dampness and evil, and headache due to qi deficiency leads to palpitation after fatigue.

6. Ask the headache location

Migraine belongs to Shaoyang Meridian, brow and forehead pain is Yangming, sun headache is linked to the brain, and apical headache belongs to Jueyin.

Three Yang is affected by pathogenic factors, with headache, hyperactivity of liver and deficiency of yin, hearing head sounds, numbness of scalp, phlegm and fire caressing, sudden dizziness, excessive excess and long-term deficiency.

7. ask about the face and eyes

the face has fever of Yangming meridian, numbness, insufficient qi and blood, eye pain, redness, swelling and excess heat, dryness and deficiency of kidney yin.

Seeing things like exhaustion of both liver and kidney, deficiency of yin and blood, eyes shy and bright, night blindness, liver deficiency and itching, wind and heat, and children with spleen deficiency sleeping and exposing their eyes.

8. Ask about the nose and ears

The nose smells damp and hot or produces sores, and the lung and stomach heat are abundant, and the nose is dry, and the pain is itchy lung fire, excessive nasal discharge or wind cold.

epistaxis and liver-fire attack the stomach and lungs, and the syndrome of thick nasal discharge and wind-heat should be detailed. Tinnitus and deafness have deficiency and excess, and deficiency lies in kidney meridian and deficiency of yang.

9. Asking about the mouth

becomes deficiency of kidney heat with light dampness, spleen heat with dampness, sweet mouth, bitter taste, hot gall and sour food, and pungent smell of lung heat.

The symptoms of mouth-fragrant and thirst-quenching are severe, with excess heat in the stomach, bad breath, dry mouth, yin deficiency and body fluid deficiency, sticky mouth and damp heat.

1. Ask about drinking

Heat is caused by excessive thirst in qi, cold phlegm stagnation in diaphragm in hot drinking, cold and damp in the interior, and thirst for hot waves in cold drinks.

thirst does not want to drink yin, and dampness inhibits heat and stagnation of body fluid, while thirst leads to internal heat, and drinking one cup or two plays a lamentation.

11. Asking about food

In stomach heat, digestion is easy to be hungry, hunger does not want to eat phlegm and fire, food bloating, qi stagnation and food obstruction, and partial eating of insects is not desirable.

12. Ask about vomiting

Liver depression causes appetite and acid regurgitation, and hematemesis is mostly caused by anger hurting the liver, vomiting, phlegm and saliva accumulating in the body, and the liver and gallbladder are choking with bitter water.

Abdominal pain leads to vomiting and excessive accumulation of insects. Spitting and thinking about hot drinks is stomach cold, vomiting at night is nausea, and thinking about drinking after vomiting is body fluid injury.

13. Asking about the epigastric cavity

The stomach is full of nausea, putrefaction, acid swallowing, spleen deficiency, food stagnation, liver depression, qi stagnation and blood stasis, stabbing pain, burning pain, stomach heat and impatience.

14. Ask about chest and hypochondriac pain

Liver depression or liver deficiency, phlegm, liver fire, blood and blood stasis, fullness with qi stagnation and shaoyang syndrome, chest and hypochondriac pain and liver discomfort.

The heart yin is insufficient for heart rate, the heart is slow and the yin is excessive, and panic is the syndrome of qi deficiency disturbing internal heat and vexing deficiency heat.

15. ask the abdomen

fullness and dryness are actually yang and yin, and spleen loss is also the cause, which is dull and painful with deficiency and cold, and the swelling is caused by stagnation of qi and blood.

the pain of storing blood and storing water is less than abdomen, and it is necessary to distinguish whether there is urine or not, and the pain around umbilical cord is more insect accumulation, less abdominal hernia or dysmenorrhea.

16. Ask the waist

Thin pain, kidney deficiency, yin and yang, painful cold and dampness, muscle injury, stabbing pain mostly blocked by blood stasis, and poor qi and blood movement, good.

17. Ask the whole body

Cold and warm-up pain belongs to wind-cold, epidemic pain, exogenous and internal injuries, yin and yang meridians, body heat pain, and painful dampness and evil.

Cold-dampness pain leads to stagnation of wind, blood stagnation, postpartum body pain and stagnation of collaterals are also common.

18. asking about sleep

lethargy, pathogenic heat, invading the gods, insomnia, yang deficiency and dampness due to phlegm, lack of careful thinking, and failure of heart and kidney to make dreams come true.

Dreaming too much, liver and kidney yin deficiency, eating too much, lying restless, weak vital energy, difficulty in sleeping, burning heart and gallbladder, and nocturnal emission.

19. Ask about the spirit

Forgetfulness, lack of qi, deficiency of kidney, failure of heart and kidney to communicate with sad spleen, palpitation of heart meridian and blood deficiency, and fear of thunder.

fidgety is mostly due to lack of yin and body fluid, depression and emotional distress, mental disorder and madness, and sadness when dirty and irritable.

2. Ask about stool

Constipation is often characterized by fever, deficiency, cold, qi stagnation and wind, which can release cold, heat, violence and dampness for a long time. It belongs to deficiency cold and heat attack.

Blood in the stool is toxic to intestinal wind, the spleen is reddish, the spleen is deficient in kidney, the cold valley does not melt, and dysentery is common with pus in the blood.

21. Ask about urination

The heat of urine closure is accumulated in triple energizer, which makes you feel bitter and painful, and the turbid bladder has damp heat, which can not help but cause qi deficiency and stroke.

several cases have severe damp-heat in the lower energizer, excessive yang deficiency in urine or lower urination, hematuria, kidney heat and strain in the house, and drowning with lower energizer deficiency, which is difficult to adjust.

22. Q

Menstruation is blood-heat in the early period of menstruation, blood stagnation due to deficiency and cold in the later period, no centering and spleen arch before and after, and blood stasis and qi stagnation.

If the amount is small, phlegm is blocked or blood stasis is deficient; if the amount is large, heat is heavy and qi is not absorbed, and qi stagnation is caked and blood stasis is coagulated, and the color should be distinguished in clinic.

23. Asking about amenorrhea

A few months without flood season is amenorrhea, which can be caused by qi stagnation and phlegm obstruction, blood stasis and cold coagulation blocking the passage, but not by fluid dryness and blood dryness.

24. Ask about metrorrhagia

Bleeding is not only a blood collapse, but also a leakage over a long period of time. Qi deficiency, dampness-heat combined with deficiency-heat and blood stasis and qi stagnation have their own causes.

in the fourth quarter, pulse diagnosis summed up the pulse

28 pulses

and the floating number was slippery and tight, and it was named as the seven-exterior syndrome of Yang Palace, which was slightly heavy, slow, astringent and late, and weak, which was the same as the yin and eight-interior syndrome, and it was weak and weak, which promoted the dynamic knot, and it was replaced by the leather and returned to the nine channels, and it was even more difficult to get a long and short pulse, and the name of the 28 pulses was poor.

1. Floating pulse song

Floating pulse refers to yang exterior disease, so press it lightly.