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1. High scores for 35 ancient poems and texts about Hunan culture

Overview of Dufu's Jiangge --- wind and rain, when he was living in Xingsha, the guest hated to have been titled Linshui Pavilion The Gangs left a trail of triumphs and attractions, and the poet's soul is still tied to Raccoon Stream According to the historical record, in the autumn of the third year of the Tang Dali calendar, Dufu's friend Wei Zhijin was transferred to the position of the Tanzhou provincial governor, and he stayed in the city until Wei's death, and then he lived in Changsha as an impoverished and sickly guest. The first time I saw him, I was in the middle of the night, and he was in the middle of the night.

At the beginning, I sent the boat, parked in the South Lake Harbor.

The first time I visited Changsha, I was in the middle of a boat, and I was parked in the harbor of Nanhu.

The two farewells to Judge Liu, the poem "Duling, the old man in the fall, the boat, help the sick know Changsha stage", "the other day to be, Changsha, the old post building". Later moved to Xiangbian tenant building, or in Changsha Xiao Ximen area, called themselves "Jiangge".

There is "Jiangge on the rain have wistful" poem cloud "layers of the pavilion with Lei Yin, the face of the long sky water text", "Jiangge lying down sick to go to the pen" poem cloud "guests kitchen thin, Jianglou pillow seat clear". Du in the Jiangge, had met Su Lax, "Su Lax to be the Royal" poem Yun "thatched King of the city door, drugs Chu old fishermen market"; also met Li Guinian, a poem Yun: "Gi-Wang House unusual to see, Cui Jiutang a few times heard.

It is a good view of Jiangnan, and meet again at the time of flowers. The remains of the Jiangge not exist, and now have to rebuild in the original site.

Dufu, the poet saint, was twice in Changsha in his later years, living in the Jiangge, leaving more than fifty poems in Changsha. In order to commemorate this great realist poet and world cultural celebrity, the Changsha Municipal People's Government built the Dufu River Pavilion in the Xiangjiang River Scenic Zone.

In view of the fact that Dufu Jiangge was Dufu's residence in Hunan for a long period of time, and as a point of contact between Hunan culture and Dufu's all-around contact and Dufu's indissoluble relationship, we decided to take Dufu Jiangge as a carrier, trace the origin, disperse the radiation, and carry out the corresponding investigations, so that while remembering the great poet saint, we can trace the mutual influences (or call it the force of action) of Dufu and Hunan culture. ). The investigation report begins with Dufu Jiangge itself.

The Dufu River Pavilion, built in memory of Dufu, is located on the Xiangjiang River scenic zone where Changsha's Xihu Road meets Xiangjiang Avenue, forming a cultural belt with the Tianxin Pavilion, the Yuelu Mountain Daolin Temple, and the Yuelu Academy. During the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty, Changsha, there are literati and celebrities proposed to build a river pavilion for Dufu, a monument, a statue in honor of the poet.

Since then, the call has never stopped, and in 2002, the Changsha municipal government finally took up this important task.

Dufu Memorial Hall, east of Xiangjiang Avenue, in front of the entrance to the square level steps; west facing the Xiangjiang River, the main building from the Xiangjiang River embankment 5 meters, a terrace floating on the Xiangjiang River 5 meters. Dufu Jiangge's north-south corridor for the poetry and monument gallery, columns on both sides of the stone tablets engraved Dufu's poetry for people to learn, poetry and monument gallery has a fan-shaped gallery, curved corridor, stone monuments dotted with settings.

Dufu Jiangge northward planning arrangement of hexagonal pavilion, heavy eaves roof, pavilion in the monument, the Changsha Municipal Government to build Dufu Jiangge origin and through. Dufu Jiangge southward by Xiangjiang Avenue pedestrian access roadside square pavilion, and poetry monument gallery is connected to the secondary entrance to the Dufu Jiangge, square pavilion for the single-story roof four slope roof.

Jiangge is a four-story building, the outdoor ground (embankment ground) to the bottom of the gable height of 15.9 meters, to the top of the roof ridge height of about 19.5 meters. The building's second floor plan for Du Fu Memorial Hall, the museum is neutral Du Fu statue, the outer wall 2.1 meters high open high windows, the real wall with paintings to introduce the poet's biography, the third and fourth floors of the Poetry and Paintings Club, set of celebrities and elegant men and women will be poems and paintings, the first floor of the poems and paintings of souvenirs store.

The fa?ade of the building is in the form of traditional Chinese Tang Dynasty architecture, with vermilion pillars, antique grille windows and white walls. The balustrade of the corridor steps is made of stone columns with cloud pattern and stone panel balustrade.

The roof has a hermetic roof, far picking eaves, green and black tiles with curved roof, curve stretching, reflecting the basic characteristics of Tang Dynasty architecture of simple, majestic and heavy. Facing Xiangjiang Avenue and Xiangjiang River, the east and west elevations are the main elevation, and a horizontal flat is set up under the eaves of the roof, with the inscription "Dufu Jiangge" in four big characters.

Dufu Jiangge calligraphy gallery project is located in Changsha City, West Lake Bridge Xiangjiang River Scenic Zone, an investment of more than 1 million yuan, will be completed in February next year, from the works of Dufu in Hunan when the 59 poems selected will be presented in front of people. The Calligraphy Monument Gallery is part of the Dufu Jiangge, written by nationally renowned calligraphers such as Shen Peng, Li Duo, Yan Jialong, Li Li, He Manzong and so on.

Dufu's later years in Hunan were characterized by about 100 compositions, and since he was alive for 59 years, only 59 compositions were selected for commemoration.

The second floor is designed as a memorial hall. On the front of the hall is a large wooden shallow relief carving of Du Gongbu's travels in Hunan, which shows Du Fu's travels when he was living in Hunan, and mirrors the statue of Du Fu in the center of the hall.

The two sides of the hall are decorated with Du poems and poetic paintings by famous calligraphers and painters such as Zhang Daqian, Lin Sanzhi, etc. Together with the couplets, large vases of poems and paintings, large antique mahogany seat screens, flower racks, several cases and valuable potted flowers and bonsai, etc., the whole hall is full of a rich cultural atmosphere. The third floor features the life of Du Fu.

Among them, in the form of poems and paintings, it focuses on the poems of Du Fu in Hunan for three years, showing his plight of old age, illness and lonely boat life as well as his great sentiment of worrying about the country and the people. The exhibition is divided into six sections: Family History, Travels, Words, Poetry History, Xiang Soul, and Luster.

More than a hundred pieces of photo materials, poems and paintings, versions of Du's poems, and physical materials*** are to be displayed. In addition, the overall style of the exhibition hall and the Jiangge architectural style is similar to the exhibition wall using the Wanzig door and window type modeling, this architectural language can effectively bring the audience into the historical time and space tunnel, coupled with the layer of the design of the plate using the form of the ancient line version of the page, the combination of the two to make the flavor of the ancient culture more intense.

Both can make visitors in the rich Tang culture in memory of the poet saint, but also make the whole exhibition hall simple and bright, sparse and dense, relaxed and comfortable. The fourth floor of the design landscape to meet friends and fine arts show place, tentatively called "Jiya Xuan".

Proposed to be divided into three small areas of the model show, to the friends and audience rest, the center of the hall placed a model of Jiangge, both sides of the layout of the Qing Dynasty mahogany furniture, four treasures, antiques and paintings, embroidery and stone boutique and so on. The four walls have Changsha humanities meta character story group painting, tell the story of Qu Yuan, Jia Yi and other historical and cultural celebrities, to reflect the deep historical and cultural heritage of Changsha.

"Poetry" Du Fu in his later years in Hunan more than two years of wandering, was in Changsha Xiangjiang River "River Pavilion", and is the poet spent the last years of his life. In two years, Du Fu left more than a hundred poems, of which more than 50 were written in Changsha, including the famous "River.

2. Poetry with Hunan culture

Heart with Hunan

You open a window to my heart,

Let me see the rays of sunshine.

From now on, I will forget about my despair,

and let the warmth grow with me.

You have sent me a dream for my life,

so that I can feel the coolness of the gust.

From now on, I will abandon all my worries,

and let the sincerity accompany me to the top.

You made my sails sail again,

Let me hear the sound of the trumpet.

From now on, I will ride on the huge waves,

and let my courage push me to go ahead.

You make my life full of hope,

let me read the chapter.

From now on, I'm going to sing a poem with a blunt pen,

and let my heart sing with love.

3. About Hunan Culture

Hunan culture is a unique part of the diverse structure of Chinese culture.

Over the past hundred years, Hunan culture has been widely recognized and acknowledged by the world, and has become an important topic in the study of modern Chinese history, with the outstanding performances of Hunan characters on the historical stage. Needless to say, although these studies are numerous and under different names, there seems to be a gap between the overall grasp and the specific grasp.

Professor Liu Xu's "Introduction to Hunan Culture" is an important attempt to shorten this gap and approach the essence of Hunan culture from systematic thinking. The key to grasping the whole is to find a window that is large enough to summarize the whole picture, and this is not an easy thing to do.

The ingenuity of this work lies in the fact that it does not focus on the surface of facts and phenomena as many scholars do, but rather focuses on what is the most important thing for the culture as a whole - its soul. This "soul" is not something else, but the kernel that lies deep within the whole, the general hub that "pulls one hair and affects the whole body" and is sufficient to "mobilize the whole world". --The basic spirit of the culture.

What is the basic spirit of Hunan culture? The author summarizes the following four aspects: "simplicity and righteousness", "bravery and martial arts", "the use of the world", "self-improvement ".

"Righteousness", that is, a strong sense of justice and to the group. "Courage and martial arts", that is, the spirit of not being afraid in the face of danger and being at home in the face of death.

The integration of the two, constituting the unique strong characteristics of Hunan culture, with a distinctive color of heroism. That is, Mr. Qian Kibo said: "Hunan people so for Hunan, and the different military to adapt to the terroir of the people, in a nutshell, said strong only."

"The world of practical application", that is, the pragmatic spirit of the importance of practice, is the practical rationality and "the world's prosperity and demise, the responsibility of the people" sense of participation in the centralized embodiment of the universality of the category, once combined with the heroism, it becomes a kind of "today's world, the world, the world's responsibility. -Once this universal category is combined with heroism, it becomes a kind of "dare to be the first in the world" of "the world today, who else can do it without me", which provides a clear goal for Hunan culture to strive for. Self-improvement" is the basic form of the cosmic spirit of "Heavenly Conduct", but in Hunan culture, it is categorized as the category of "human pole" and regarded as the "pole principle" of culture. "

These are the basic forms of the cosmic spirit.

This gives Hunan culture a unique philosophical basis. It is because of this that Hunan culture has a special character of "independent and uninhibited, recluse and not boring".

This generalization is extremely comprehensive and appropriate. Before that, the commentators often use "Hunan character" or "Hunan cultural character" to summarize this.

In contrast, the depth of this work is clearly highlighted. The first step is to make sure that you have a good understanding of the concept of the "spirit of Hunan.

As Hegel said, "The widest extension is the deepest connotation. ...... The more advanced the concept, the greater its clarity, the more definite, the more playful, the deeper it is, and therefore its field is also the widest." Undoubtedly, this is a historical breakthrough in the study of Hunan culture, but also the first major contribution of this book.

The excellence of this book lies not only in the revelation of the most basic cultural spirit of Hunan culture, but also in the analysis of the unique environment that formed this unique spirit, which is "to discuss the source along the waves, and to search for the roots by vibrating the leaves". According to the author, the most basic form of things is space and time, and space and time are the most basic external environment for the movement of things, which affects the nature of things to a large extent.

In terms of space, Hunan is surrounded by mountains on three sides and water on the other, which is a horseshoe-shaped territory. There are heavy mountains in the back, and a big river in the front. In ancient times, it was a relatively closed place in terms of information compared to the Central Plains, but on the other hand, it was a place of "hardship and suffering, and you will be able to accomplish it".

The hardship of the environment, the exercise of people's strong and courageous character.

The environment of the closed, cultivated people's independent thinking, do not follow the spirit of the people overlooking.

The ancients called "deep mountains and swamps, actually produce dragons and snakes", that is, this is called. From the time point of view, the Chu people contain ancient barbarians blood, after the fusion of culture with the Yanhuang culture, an important part of Chinese culture, both accepted the influence of the Central Plains culture, but also retained the barbarians culture of fierce and robust legacy.

And the regional closure, more so that this unique gene can continue. The core of culture is human beings, and human beings are the products of the environment, so Hunan culture and people with this cultural character were born in this special soil.

The author's assertion is in line with the basic law of material dialectics, and is therefore convincing. Time and space are, after all, external conditions for the development of things, and it is well known that external causes always work through internal causes.

So what is the internal cause of the formation of Hunan culture? The synergy of this systematic movement comes from two aspects: one is the indigenous culture, that is, the Qunmiao culture, that is, the Southern Chu culture represented by Qu Yuan.

One is the Central Plains culture, that is, the Confucian culture represented by Confucius. Hunan culture is the result of the conflict and fusion of the two.

The combination of the two genes, the "elegance" of the Central Plains culture and the "savagery" of the Miao culture, constitutes the unique "stubbornness" of Hunan culture, The combination of these two genes constitutes the unique style of Hunan culture, which is "stubborn", "firm" and "harsh". The so-called "outstanding people, the great Confucian iterative, before and after not seen, there is no independent and free thinking, there is a strong and unforgiving spirit" that is, so to speak.

This is the Hunan culture, "deep understanding of ancient learning, but can create their own way, not for the ancient school caught", and then "the style of self-creation, can be different from the characters in the Central Plains to stand up for themselves" is an important reason. The formation of Hunan culture is the inevitable result of the systematic movement of the above factors.

The author thus summarizes the conclusion: "The geographical environment of the Great Lakes, the developed agricultural economy, and the integration of diverse cultures of various ethnic groups in the Hunan region have formed a distinctive regional culture."

This is the second major contribution of this book. The outstanding contribution of this book is also manifested in the comprehensive revelation of the internal system structure of Hunan culture.

It is also a misunderstanding that the structure of the inner system is the decisive attachment and concrete form of the basic spirit. The authors have analyzed it from several aspects: Hunan philosophical thought Hunan philosophical thought, pioneered by Hu Anguo in the Song Dynasty, has formed its own unique style through Hu Hong, Zhang Zu, Wang Fenshan, Zeng Guofan, Tan Sitong, Yang Changji, and even Mao Zedong; "with the morality of the science of reasoning," he said, "we have to take a look at the history of the world.

4. What is the essence of Hunan culture

Regarding the summary of the essence of Hunan culture, the academic community is more recognized and more typical of the two main statements: First, "worry about the world, dare to be the first, the world, seek truth from facts"; Second, "worry about the world, dare to be the first, indomitable, The second one is "worry about the world, dare to be first, be indomitable, and be all-embracing". People tend to favor the latter, which is more reflective of the spiritual essence of Hunan culture and the regional characteristics of Hunan culture.

First of all, the "universalizing the world" is only a ****similar feature of Confucian culture, which does not emphasize the regional characteristics of Hunan culture.

Secondly, "seeking truth from facts" is a way of governance that originally existed in Confucianism, and it is only a choice of governance that distinguishes the Hunan school from other schools.

Thirdly, "perseverance" is the centralized manifestation of Hunan culture on individual culture.

Fourthly, "accepting and embracing" summarizes the sense of openness of Hunan culture.

5. Briefly summarize your understanding of Hunan culture

Hunan culture refers to a historical cultural form with distinctive features, relative stability and inheritance. The culture of Hunan during the pre-Qin and Han dynasties should be included in another historical cultural form, the Chu culture. The poetry and art of Qu Yuan and the historical relics of Mawangdui have distinctive characteristics of Chu culture. Since the Northern and Southern Dynasties and the Tang and Song Dynasties, due to the historical changes and development, especially after several large-scale migrations of the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the people of Hunan have undergone important changes in their population, customs, manners and ideological concepts, and have successively produced a series of people such as Zhou Zi, the originator of the theory of science, Wang Fuzi, who advocated the use of the world to achieve results and opposed to the Cheng-Zhu theory of science, as well as Wei Yuan, who "looked at the world with his eyes open". "A series of thinkers, such as Wei Yuan, have combined and constructed a new form of regional culture, called Hunan culture. The Chu culture of the pre-Qin and Han dynasties had an important influence on the Hunan culture constructed after the Song Dynasty, which is one of the sources of Hunan culture. After being nurtured by the pre-Qin Hunan and Chu cultures and refined by the Song and Ming Central Plains cultures, Hunan culture has created "half of Hunan's talents are from Hunan", "half of the rising generals and ministers are from Hunan", "half of China's modern history is written by Hunan people", "half of China's modern history is written by Hunan people", "half of China's modern history is written by Hunan people", and "half of China's modern history is written by Hunan people". The first is that the Hunan government has been working on the development of the country's economy for a long time, and the second is that it has been working on the development of the country's economy for a long time.

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