What is warehouse management information technology?

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When the warehousing industry exists as a format, logistics is an effective means to realize value-added services; In the logistics industry, warehousing is an indispensable and important node.

The development of modern logistics industry needs the support of modern warehousing management, and informatization and advanced technology oriented by informatization have become effective ways to modernize warehousing industry.

With the development of China's economy, the outsourcing demand of logistics warehousing business is gradually increasing in commercial enterprises, manufacturing enterprises, supermarket chains and retail industries, and the demand of small and medium-sized logistics enterprises for warehousing leasing makes the warehousing industry face huge development space. Jiang Chaofeng, president of China Material Storage and Transportation Association, said when looking forward to 2007 that the development of public warehouses will become an important distribution center for goods, and small and medium-sized transport enterprises will find suitable stowage goods here. At the same time, larger transportation enterprises and logistics enterprises are also accelerating the construction of their own logistics centers, and some manufacturers are also establishing centralized management logistics bases and integrating them into regional and radial logistics networks with warehouses as the core.

China's warehousing industry will develop greatly in the harmonious atmosphere of simultaneous growth of construction and demand, and networking, informationization and advanced information technology will become effective ways for its development.

Informatization: making the reservoir a flowing river

Advanced infrastructure and automation functions are the basis for realizing warehouse modernization, such as high-platform three-dimensional warehouse, shelves for storing different kinds of goods, effective working platform, forklift with RF code scanning, automatic cargo conveying and loading, temperature-controlled loading, spraying loading and monitoring loading. The construction of information network platform is an effective means to realize warehousing modernization. By comprehensively applying modern scientific management methods and modern information technology means, we can reasonably and effectively organize, command, dispatch and supervise the warehousing, custody, storage, loading and unloading, handling, measurement, custody, finance, security and other activities of materials, so as to achieve high quality and high efficiency in operation and achieve good economic benefits.

In western developed countries, the modernization of warehousing industry has created conditions for enterprises to obtain high profits. In China, some large-scale logistics enterprises are also practicing and enjoying the pleasure brought by advanced informatization.

Three years ago, China Material Storage and Transportation Corporation (hereinafter referred to as China Storage) built and reformed the warehousing business information system to meet the needs of the development of warehousing information management. Since its operation, the information system has provided enterprises with scientific and standardized business management, real-time production monitoring and scheduling, comprehensive and timely statistical analysis, multi-level query and reconciliation functions, multi-channel convenient and flexible query methods including online query, and new value-added business management functions, which not only meets the requirements of production management and business decision-making of China Storage, but also strongly supports China Storage to develop new customers, and has become a weapon for China Storage's marketing and development. With the support of storage information management system, China Storage has integrated the logistics organization system, reconstructed the storage management mode, effectively reduced operating costs and achieved obvious economic benefits. A good information system greatly improves the service level and wins the respect and trust of customers.

In manufacturing enterprises, warehousing is an important part of enterprise material distribution, and its personnel and equipment configuration and management efficiency greatly affect the operating cost of the whole supply chain.

In Haier's unique warehouse management mode, warehouses are no longer reservoirs for storing materials, but flowing rivers. What flows in the river is purchasing the required materials according to the order, that is, purchasing and manufacturing according to the order. At present, Haier Group receives more than 6,000 sales orders every month on average, with more than 7,000 kinds of orders and more than 260,000 kinds of materials to be purchased. In this complicated situation, Haier reduced 73.8% of dull materials, 50% of warehouse area and 67% of inventory funds through reasonable information management. The cargo area of Haier International Logistics Center covers an area of 7,200 square meters, but its throughput is equivalent to the ordinary liquidation of 300,000 square meters. For the same job, Haier Logistics Center only has 10 forklift drivers, while the general warehouse needs at least hundreds of people to complete such workload.

It can be seen that in the modern warehousing mode, the application of information technology and management system has become an important pillar of modern warehousing, from the application of advanced technology to the management of workflow, from the warehousing of goods to the delivery of orders.

Informatization: Returning from Ideal to Reality

In China, the degree of informatization development of advanced warehousing industry can't hide the "primary stage status quo" of most enterprises.

According to the investigation and analysis of China Storage Association, highly automated three-dimensional warehouses mainly appear in some large-scale production enterprises in tobacco, medicine, household appliances and other industries, and highly automated three-dimensional warehouses are rarely seen in specialized warehouses or logistics enterprises. According to the data reported by 59 member enterprises of China Warehouse Association, only 3 1 enterprise has a management information system, and most enterprises only have a single warehouse management system.

The construction of modern storage facilities, the construction of advanced equipment and the construction of information systems in all operational links require a large number of sources of funds, while the implementation of all high-tech technologies and the application of information systems require a large number of technicians to operate, and of course, there must be sufficient demand for clients. Therefore, China's warehousing modernization is only reflected in large state-owned enterprises and foreign capital or joint ventures. In most logistics enterprises and warehousing enterprises, the most reflected informatization is only the construction of a single information module, or the application of local information technology and the operation of some advanced equipment. Some even stay in the simple business of warehouse leasing, doing nothing but a paper lease contract.

The lack of operators with information technology and high-tech facilities has affected the development of modern warehousing. Not paying attention to the training of mechanical operators and maintenance personnel, and the lack of operation and maintenance personnel makes the existing equipment of some warehousing enterprises fail to play its due role. In the design of the new warehouse, the subsequent maintenance and development are not considered, which limits the use of equipment and the improvement of automation level. After installation, some systems are damaged, and accessories and after-sales service can't keep up, so maintenance is very difficult.

As far as domestic automated warehouses are concerned, the main problems in use are low utilization rate, unobvious effect, uncertain scale and unobtrusive advantages, which make many warehouse resources idle, especially some small-batch and single-product production enterprises realize warehouse automation, and the contradiction between idle facilities and equipment resources in warehouses and repeated configuration is prominent. Due to the lack of adequate investigation and analysis of warehouse construction and planning, there are major decision-making problems in the design and planning of automated warehouses before construction. For the sake of automation, the necessity of automation was not studied and analyzed. Only after the construction was completed did it be found that the requirements for automation were very low and the utilization rate was very small. I don't know enough about the concept of improving the mechanization, automation, intensification and informatization of warehousing operations. I don't want to use the equipped equipment. My idea is still based on manual operation. I don't have enough confidence in the new automatic warehouse. I don't put the automatic warehouse in an important position and give up the research and use of the automatic warehouse. Due to external factors and changes in the situation, that is, changes in receiving and dispatching tasks, workload and types of goods, storage equipment and management systems have not changed and upgraded accordingly, and the original market has been lost over time, and storage is in an idle state.

Informatization: Rome was not built in a day.

The development of modern logistics is inseparable from modern warehousing, which will inevitably promote the development of modern logistics, which is an important node and control center in logistics and supply chain system. Modern warehousing industry occupies a unique position in modern service industry.

Experts predict that the warehousing industry will develop in a more comprehensive, professional and international direction; Brand warehousing enterprises will become customers' first choice; The warehousing industry will be increasingly closely integrated with the transportation industry; Strict land policy will have a great impact on the warehousing industry, and warehouse infrastructure construction will develop in an intensive direction.

On the basis of the existing warehousing environment, the construction of information network and the application of information technology will further improve the level of warehousing value-added business, effectively and reasonably connect all operational links, make its integrated logistics business become the main direction of warehousing industry development, extend the upstream and downstream functions of warehousing industry, and thus obtain more value-added benefits.

The development of warehousing industry can not be separated from the continuous improvement of informatization level and the further integration with the international market. The optimization and reform of its business process will greatly improve the efficiency of the warehousing industry and expand the service target. With the further increase of warehouse height, the growth rate of infrastructure such as buildings, warehouses and shelves will be faster. With the increasing demand for cold storage, liquid storage and hazardous chemicals storage, the specialization direction of logistics center is more obvious, and the application of intelligent robots will be more and more extensive.

The warehousing industry should develop in the direction of intensification and build a logistics center with more functions, more effective operation and higher output on limited land. Improving the building density of warehouses, improving the road capacity, increasing the number of platform warehouses, improving the lifting equipment and making the dispatching more scientific will be the goal of warehousing enterprises. Therefore, the establishment of a public warehouse information platform, the docking of warehouse information system and customer information system, and the advanced, applicable and reasonable price of information technology will attract more attention of warehouse enterprises. The competition of information service providers will be more and more fierce, and the development space will be bigger and bigger. At present, there is a mature logistics management information system abroad, but its price is high, which requires high performance of hardware system resources, management level of application enterprises, quality of operators, industry standards and behavior norms of logistics market environment, and is not suitable for the present situation of warehousing practitioners.

Therefore, in the process of the development of China's traditional warehousing industry, in addition to the active guidance and coordination of the government and industry associations and the introduction of logistics talents who know technology, management and operation, warehousing enterprises need to take the initiative to respond and actively explore practice. For example, enterprises establish new warehouse management standards to adapt to the characteristics of small batch, multi-variety and fast turnover; Introduce ISO9000 management system, implement standardized management, and quickly and effectively respond to the needs of manufacturers and merchants, merchants and users for logistics; Do a good job in two basic tasks: "warehouse loading and unloading automation" and "intelligent management of receiving, sending and storing"; On the basis of the original storage and storage functions, enterprises add value-added service functions such as sorting, distribution, packaging, processing and distribution; Logistics enterprises actively form alliances with advanced production and marketing enterprises, and expand their own outlets and distribution systems while introducing advanced management concepts.