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The Spring Festival is the most solemn festival in China's traditional customs. This festival is the first in a year. The ancients also called Yuanri, New Year's Day, Jacky, Spring Festival and Xinzheng. Now they are called after the Spring Festival and adopt the Gregorian calendar era. In ancient times, "Spring Festival" and "Spring" were synonymous. On the one hand, the custom of the Spring Festival is to celebrate the past year, on the other hand, it is to wish a happy New Year, a bumper harvest of crops and prosperity of people and animals, which are mostly related to farming. Welcome and dance the dragon to please the dragon god, and the weather is good; Lion dance originated from a legend, that is, the town is afraid of monsters that destroy crops and harm people and animals. With the development of society, activities such as worshipping the gods and worshipping the sky are gradually eliminated, and customs such as burning firecrackers, posting Spring Festival couplets, hanging New Year pictures, playing dragon lanterns, dancing lions and celebrating the New Year are still widely popular.

Lantern Festival is a traditional folk festival in China. Also known as the first half of the first month, Shangyuan Festival and Lantern Festival. The custom of Lantern Festival includes watching lanterns, wrapping jiaozi, and playing drums in the New Year to welcome Ce Shen and solve riddles on the lanterns. The custom of eating Yuanxiao began in the Song Dynasty. Yuanxiao is a kind of jiaozi, which is a solid or stuffed jiaozi made of glutinous rice flour. You can eat soup, stir-fry it or steam it.

Cold Food Festival is a traditional folk festival in China. Fireworks are strictly prohibited during festivals, and only cold food can be eaten. Winter to the future 105 or 106 days, one or two days before Qingming. According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Zhong Er, the son of the Jin Dynasty, was exiled, and the minister Jiezitui cut off his shares. After Zhong Er proclaimed himself emperor, he made great contributions, but he didn't enjoy meson push. Zitui lives in seclusion in the mountains. Zhong Er was ashamed, so he let Yamakaji go and forced him to come out to be rewarded. The child was burned to death because he couldn't get out of the Woods. Therefore, Zhong Er ordered not to make a fire to cook on this day every year to commemorate Zitui and express his condemnation of his mistakes. Because cold food is close to Qingming time, later generations regard the custom of cold food as one of Qingming customs.

Tomb-Sweeping Day is a traditional folk festival in China. According to the lunar calendar, it is the first half of March, and according to the solar calendar, it is April 5 or 6 every year. At this time, the weather is getting warmer and sunny. "Everything is so clean and bright", hence Tomb-Sweeping Day's name. Its customs include sweeping graves, hiking, swinging, flying kites and wearing flowers. Scholars of all ages wrote poems on the theme of Qingming.

Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional folk festival in China. Also known as Duanyang, Chongwu and Chongwu. Dragon Boat Festival was originally held in the afternoon of the first month. Because "May" and "noon" are homophonic, the fifth day of the fifth lunar month becomes the Dragon Boat Festival. It is generally believed that this festival is related to the commemoration of Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan was loyal and drowned himself, so people ate zongzi and held dragon boat races to mourn him. The customs of the Dragon Boat Festival include drinking realgar wine, hanging sachets, eating zongzi, arranging calamus flowers, beating herbs and expelling the "five poisons".

Jojo China traditional folk festival. Also known as Girls' Day or Tanabata. According to legend, after the weaver girl on the east bank of Tianhe married the cowherd in Hexi, the brocade was woven a little slowly, and the emperor was furious, so he drove the weaver girl back and only allowed them to meet on the bridge made of magpies and birds on the seventh night of the seventh lunar month every year. Or: the weaver girl in the sky married the cowherd on the ground, and the queen mother took the weaver girl back to the sky and only allowed them to meet at the annual magpie bridge. On the evening of the seventh day of July every year, when the Weaver Girl and the Cowherd reunite, women will put incense tables and thread needles to ask the Weaver Girl for advice on weaving and embroidery skills. Listening to the conversation between the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl under the grape trellis is also an interesting thing on July 7.

Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional folk festival in China. Also known as the reunion festival. August of the lunar calendar is in autumn, and August 15th is in August, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. Autumn is crisp and the bright moon is in the sky, so there is a custom of enjoying and offering sacrifices to the moon. The reunion association brought by the full moon makes the Mid-Autumn Festival more deeply rooted in people's hearts. The Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon is more romantic after being associated with Mid-Autumn Festival in Tang Dynasty. Many poets in the past dynasties wrote poems on the theme of Mid-Autumn Festival. The main customs of Mid-Autumn Festival are appreciating the moon, offering sacrifices to the moon, watching the tide and eating moon cakes.

Double Ninth Festival is a traditional folk festival in China. The Book of Changes defines "nine" as yang number, and two or nine is important, so the ninth day of the ninth lunar month is "Chongyang". In the Double Ninth Festival, the air is crisp in autumn, the wind is clear and the moon is clean, so there are customs such as climbing high and looking far, appreciating chrysanthemums and making poems, drinking chrysanthemum wine and inserting dogwood. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a poem "Cornus officinalis is all over the ground, but one person is missing".

China traditional folk festivals in Lari. This is an ancient festival, offering sacrifices to ancestors, gods and harvest at the end of the year. The twelfth lunar month is usually held in the last month of each year, and it was fixed on the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month in the Northern and Southern Dynasties. There are customs such as eating red bean porridge and offering sacrifices to ancestors. Buddhist Laba porridge has also penetrated into Laba customs.

New Year's Eve is a traditional folk festival in China. On the evening of Lunar New Year1February 30th, every household is cleaning the house, putting on rich dishes and having a "New Year's Eve" with the whole family. This night, everyone stays up all night, or drinks and chats, or plays chess by guessing. This is the so-called "guarding the old age". At zero o'clock, people rushed out and gathered a fire in front of the court (called "Tingliao" in ancient times, which means prosperity). At the time of the "three yuan" of "year yuan, month yuan and time yuan", three "celestial cannons" were released in order to develop and prosper first. At this time, firecrackers and cheers were connected together, and there was a scene of "removing the old year from firecrackers".

The ranking order of the eldest and youngest brothers in Uncle Meng and Uncle Zhong. Bo (Meng) is the eldest, Zhong is the second, Uncle is the third and Ji is the fourth. In ancient times, the characters of aristocratic families often used the words "Meng", "Zhong", "Shu" and "Ji" as the antecedents to indicate rank, and the word "father" or "father" was added to indicate men, which constituted the full names of men, such as "father bird", "father Zhong Ni" and "uncle Xing".

The zodiac is also called the zodiac. Ancient astrologers used twelve kinds of animals to match the twelve earthly branches. Zi is a mouse, ugly is a cow, Yin is a tiger, Mao is a rabbit, Chen is a dragon, snake is a horse, noon is not a sheep, Shen is a monkey, you is a chicken, a dog is a dog, and Hai is a pig. Later, I thought that someone gave birth to something in a certain year, such as a mouse born in the year of the child and a pig born in the year of the sea, which was called the zodiac. In ancient times, the zodiac was often painted with superstitious colors. When it comes to sharing weal and woe, it is often involved. Especially in marriage, men and women are very particular about their zodiac signs. There is a so-called "broken marriage between chickens and dogs" and "incompatibility between dragons and tigers".

Birthday The year, month, day and hour when a person was born, all have their own heavenly stems and earthly branches, each with two characters and four * * * characters. According to these eight words, we can calculate a person's fate. In case of major events, eight characters need to be calculated. In the old custom, when engaged, both men and women exchange Geng cards with birthdays on them. The two sides ask each other about the fate of the birth, yin and yang, to determine whether they can get married, and whether it is good or bad.

Filial piety means filial piety and obedience to parents; Zan means to respect and obey your brother. Confucius attached great importance to filial piety, taking it as the basis of benevolence, and put forward a series of filial piety thoughts such as "three years without changing to the father's way" and "parents are here and don't travel far", and Mencius also regarded filial piety as the basic moral norm. The Book of Filial Piety in Qin and Han Dynasties further said: "Filial piety is the first of a hundred lines." The purpose of advocating filial piety in Confucianism is to maintain the patriarchal hierarchy order.

The animals used for sacrifice in ancient times are pure in color and full in shape. Zuozhuan? There is a saying in Cao Gui Debate: "Take jade and silk as a sacrifice, and if you dare to add it, you will be loyal. "

Three animals refer to cattle, sheep and pigs used for sacrifice in ancient times, and later they were called chickens, fish and pigs. Refers to the collective name of sacrificial offerings used in Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

When the ancient emperors offered sacrifices to the country, cattle, sheep and tapirs (stones and pigs) were all prepared as Tai Prison. The sacrifices used in ancient sacrifices must be locked in prison before they can be sacrificed, so such sacrifices are called prisons; According to the different types of sacrificial offerings, there are more prisons than prisons. There are only sheep and tapirs in the juvenile prison, but there are no cows. Due to the difference between the worshippers and the worshippers, the specifications of the sacrifices used are also different: the emperor used too many prisons to sacrifice to the country, and the princes used less prisons to sacrifice.

The ritual of offering sacrifices to ancestors or family patrons in ancient temples. In the Tang Dynasty, there was a special person to formulate family ritual, and they walked with each other. There are two lines in Lu You's poem "Showing the Son" in the Song Dynasty: "Wang Shibei decided on the Central Plains and Japan, and he never forgets the family sacrifice."

The ceremony of ancient emperors coming to Korea. According to the regulations, the emperor faces south, the three fairs face northeast, the doctor faces northwest, the royal family faces southeast on the right side of the road gate, and the subordinate officials of the big servant face southwest on the left side of the road gate. The courtier's position has been set, and the Emperor and courtier bowed out after the ceremony. Later generations also called the etiquette of courting the monarch "offering courtesy."

One of the guest gifts to North Korea in ancient times. The ritual system in which princes regularly appear before the emperor. There are three forms for princes to welcome the emperor: sending doctors to welcome the emperor every year, which is called "small employment"; Every three years, the Qing dynasty was sent to see the emperor as a "big hire"; Appear before the emperor in person every five years, which is "Chao".

Hajj is one of the gifts of ancient guests. The ritual system of Zhou Dynasty governors appearing before the emperor. The princes appeared before the emperor, "seeing the dynasty in spring and making pilgrimage in autumn", which was a routine appearance. Appearing in front of the emperor in the Spring and Autumn Period is called pilgrimage.

"Friendship" refers to the etiquette of meeting hosts and guests in ancient times. There are three kinds of ceremonies according to the level, which are called "three ceremonies": one is "earth ceremony", which is specially used for different surnames without marriage relationship, and the hand is pushed down slightly when saluting; The second is "saving time", which is specially used for married people with different surnames. When saluting, push your hands flat and reach forward; The third is Yi Tian, which is specially used for guests with the same surname. When saluting, the hand is pushed up slightly. Finger meditation gives way to people who are more talented than themselves.

Long-term calling this an ancient ceremony, people hold it high from top to bottom, regardless of rank.

An ancient greeting ceremony in which hands are crossed on the chest to show respect. The Analects of Confucius? Weizi has such a record: "The sub-road arches and stands."

In ancient times, nodding was a kind of worship, and it was one of the "Nine Worship", commonly known as kowtow. When saluting, I got up as soon as I landed on my head. Because its head touches the ground for a short time, it is called nodding. It is usually used to pay tribute to superiors and colleagues, such as greetings and farewells between bureaucrats and greetings, visits and farewells between people. It is also often used at the beginning or end of a letter, such as Qiu Chi's book to Chen Bo: "Start later. General Chen was safe and sound, but fortunately ... Qiu Chi nodded.

It is one of the "Nine Worship" to pay homage to the ancients. When saluting, the giver kneels on his knees, presses his left hand with his right hand, surrenders to the ground, and slowly lowers his head to the ground. You must stay on the ground for a period of time with your hands in front of your knees and your head behind your hands. This is the most solemn ceremony among the nine worshippers, and it is often used by courtiers when they meet the king. Later, sons worshipped their father, heaven and God, and newlyweds worshipped their parents, ancestors, temples, teachers and graves, and so on.

Jiubai is a unique bow ceremony in ancient China to show high respect for each other. Zhou Li refers to "Nine Worshipments": "First, kowtow, second, nod, third, emptiness, fourth, vibration, fifth, auspicious worship, sixth, fierce worship, seventh, strange worship, eighth, praise and ninth, Subai." This is the prescribed etiquette used by social members of different ranks and identities on different occasions.

Kneel on your knees, stand up straight, and don't touch your heels to show your solemnity. Such as "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "So Xiang Ru went forward, because he knelt down and invited the king of Qin."

In ancient times, I sat on the floor with my knees on the ground and my hips on my heels. In order to show respect for others, the sitting method is quite particular: "After sitting empty, sit and eat." "After finishing" is to let the body sit back as far as possible to show humility; "Do your best" means to move your body forward as far as possible, without polluting the table and disrespecting people.

Ancient official ranks were different and very strict. Senior officials are superior, and low officials are subordinate. The ancients respected power and Taoism. "Left-leaning" means demoting officials. "Biography of Lian Po and Lin Xiangru": "Take the other side as a great contribution, worship the Shangguan, and be on the right side of Lian Po." Ancient architecture is usually a hall structure with a front hall and a back room. The etiquette activities held in the class are to respect the south. When the emperor receives the minister, the seat must face south. Therefore, the ancients often called kings and emperors "South" and princes "North". The room is long from east to west and narrow from north to south, so the most distinguished seat in the room is west to east, followed by north to south, south to north, and east to west is the lowest. There are several lines at the Hongmen banquet: "Wang Xiang and Xiang Bo sit in the east, Yafu in the south, ... Pei Gong in the north, Sean in the west." The throne is the highest and Sean is the lowest.

The seats in ancient banquets were very particular about seniority. Generally, the square table is used for banquets, facing the gate, and its ranking is as follows: the distinguished guests are in the front, and 8 are the main seats. If there are many guests, you can set up two, three or more tables, which is different from sitting at a table and leaving the table: sitting at a table is the same as sitting in a single seat, leaving the table regardless of seats.

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The coronation ceremony of ancient men when they came of age (twenty years old). The coronation ceremony was held in the ancestral hall, presided over by his father. The young people who performed the coronation ceremony were crowned three times by designated VIPs, and were crowned with cloth, leather and knighthood respectively, indicating their right to govern the people, contribute to the country and participate in sacrifices. After the coronation ceremony, the distinguished guests read a congratulatory message to the winner and gave him a beautiful "word" with the virtue of a gentleman, making him a respected noble member. Because men are crowned at the age of 20, future generations will call it a "weak crown."

The wedding coronation ceremony is an ancient gift. Zhou Li: "Marry men and women with the ceremony of the wedding crown." Children of ancient aristocratic families can get married at the age of 20 and enjoy adult treatment. Women 15 years old pay tribute. In ancient times, women could get married at the age of fifteen. Therefore, wedding and coronation ceremony are collectively called wedding coronation ceremony.

Ancestor rituals of offering sacrifices to the Road God and feasting travelers in ancient times. According to Hanshu, before Li Guang, a general of the Western Han Dynasty, crusaded against the Huns, "the Prime Minister took his ancestral path and sent him to Wei Qiao". "Jing Ke Stabbed the King of Qin": "Going to Yishui is both ancestral and Taoist." The word "ancestor" in this article is "the way of ancestors", which means to say goodbye to the road gods when leaving.

To fast ancient sacrifices or major events, you should take a bath, change clothes and live alone in advance to show your sincere respect. These activities are called "fasting". "Zhai", also known as "Zhi Zhai", means to stay in the inner room for three days, requiring "five thoughts" (thinking about living, laughing, thinking, enjoying and enjoying), mainly to centralize and unify thoughts. "Jie", also known as "Sanzhai", stayed in the outer room for seven days, stopped taking part in all entertainment activities, and did not participate in funerals in case of "losing power" and "distracting thoughts". When the ancients fasted, they didn't eat meat, fish and meat, but they didn't eat spicy and smelly food such as onions and garlic. This is mainly to prevent the foul smell in the mouth and blaspheme the gods and ancestors.

In ancient times, the empty left seat was respected by the left, and the position on the left was vacant for guests to sit, which was called "empty left". "The new thief saves Zhao": "Zi is the guest of the banquet. Sit down, ride from the car, vain, welcome Yimen Hou Sheng. " This shows that the new Ling Jun respects Hou Sheng. Now there is a saying called "wait for the left".

Worship twice again to show the solemnity of etiquette. "Farewell" is also often used at the end of old letters to show respect.

Worship the ancient and worship the present. When saluting, put your hands on your forehead and kneel and kowtow for a long time. At first, it specifically refers to a way of paying homage to the Buddha, and later it generally refers to a way of paying tribute to express extreme respect or fear. Nowadays people often use "bowing down" to describe worshipping a person.

Bend down and bow. Bow to show humiliation. Jin Shu? Biography of Tao Qian: Tao Yuanming was appointed as the magistrate of Pengze County, and Du You was sent by the county to inspect the county. The county magistrate advised Tao to meet him, and he lamented: "Five buckets of rice can't bend his back, and boxing is for the middle and small people in the village!" Li Bai climbed Mount Tianmu in a dream: "Oh, how can I bow and scrape to those high-ranking officials whose sincere faces will never be seen?" Later extended to dumping, worship, such as Mao Zedong's "Qinyuanchun? Xue: "There are so many beauties in Jiangshan, and countless heroes bend their backs. "

Six Gifts Six kinds of formalities and etiquette of ancient marriage in China, namely, accepting gifts, asking names, accepting gifts, accepting gifts, inviting parties and welcoming relatives.

During the Spring and Autumn Period in Qin Jin, the monarch of Qin Jin married from generation to generation, and later people called the marriage of two surnames "Qin Jin".

For example, in ancient times, when a wife served a meal for her husband, she had to give an example of Yumei to show her respect.

Etiquette and custom of making friends between ancient literati and literature. Scholars value friendship and knowledge more than property, so they often answer with poems to show their talents and mentality. Singing appreciation is a common way, that is, answering with poems. In banquets and other gatherings, it is even more important to write poems without poetry and wine.

The ancients had many nicknames for "death", the main ones are:

(1) The names of the deaths of the son of heaven, the queen mother and the official are Yi, Beng, Centennial,, Shanling Beng, etc.

(2) The names of parents' death are: no back, loneliness, giving up, etc.

(3) The death names of Buddhists and Taoists are: Nirvana, Death, Sitting, Feather, Immortality and Death. "Death" is now also used to refer to the death of a respected person.

(4) The names of ordinary people's deaths are: death, long sleep, death, death, death, donation of life, death, death, old age, death and so on.

I wonder if you are satisfied?