Henan Yubei Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve Details

The Yubei Yellow River Old Road Wetland National Nature Reserve for Birds is located in the eastern part of Xinxiang City, Henan Province, in the Yellow River Old Road bordering Weihui City and Yanjin County, as well as in the Yellow River mudflats and back-river depressions in Fengqiu County. With an area of 22,780 hectares, it was approved to be established by the people of Henan Province in 1988, and was promoted to the national level in 1996, and the main protection objects are swans, cranes and other rare birds and inland wetland ecosystems.

Basic introduction Chinese name ：Henan Yu Bei Yellow River Road Wetland Birds National Nature Reserve Geographic location ：East of Xinxiang City, Henan Province Level ：National Nature Reserve Area ：22780 hectares Type ：Wetland and water ecological type Protecting objects ：Swan, cranes, and wetlands Approval time ：1996 History,Geography,Geographic location,Terrain,Climate,Protecting objects,Fauna and flora. Protected Objects, Animal Resources, Plant Resources, Management Measures, Management Organization, Management Measures, Ecological Value, History In July 1988, the people of Henan Province *** approved the establishment of the "Swan Nature Reserve on the Yellow River Road in the north of Henan Province". In November 1996, the State Council approved the establishment of "Henan Yu Bei Yellow River Old Road Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve", expanding the area of the reserve. Geography Geographic location The reserve covers the area within the Yellow River embankment (including the Yellow River mudflats, sandbars and other land areas) and the depressions on the back of the Yellow River. The north bank is from Weizhuang Town of Changyuan County to the border between Jinglonggong Township of Fengqiu County and Yuanyang County. Its east bank is the border between Henan and Shandong Province, and its south bank is: Lankao County, Kaifeng City to Rice Township, Kaifeng City. YNY Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve The YNY Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve covers a total area of 22,780 hectares. Among them, the core area is 7973 hectares, the buffer area is 7290 hectares, and the experimental area is 7517 hectares. There are two core areas in the reserve, located in the east and west of the reserve respectively. The eastern core area is located in the main course of the Yellow River from Lizhuang Township of Fengqiu County to the east of Weizhuang Township of Changyuan County, while the western core area is located in the course of the Yellow River on the south side of Chenqiao Township of Fengqiu County. The north part of the protection area starts from Jiaji Village, Dongtun Township, Yanjin County in the southwest, and crosses the blessing townships, Banzao Township, Houhe Township, Liyuantun Township and Pangzhai Township of Yanjin and Weihui Counties (cities), and ends at Heidaozha Village, Fengzhuang Township, Yanjin County, ****involving 153 administrative villages in 7 townships. The South Area starts from the junction of Fengqiu and Yuanyang counties in the west and crosses Sunzhuang Township, Jinglonggong Township, Sizhuang Township, Chenqiao Township, Caogang Township, Lizhuang Township, Yingang Township of Fengqiu County and stops at the junction of Changyuan County of Fengqiu County. *** involving 7 townships (towns) 156 administrative villages. The North Henan Yellow River Old Road Bird Wetland Nature Reserve is located in the eastern part of Xinxiang City, Henan Province, the Yellow River Old Road bordering Weihui City and Yanjin County, and the Yellow River mudflats and back-river depressions in Fengqiu County. The area bordering Weihui City and Yanjin County is a groove-type depression left behind after the diversion of the ancient Yellow River, with the geographic location of 114°07′E, 34°54′N. The geographic coordinates of the area in Fengqiu County are 114°29′E and 35°24′N. Terrain and Geomorphology The geomorphology of North Yu Yellow River Road Bird Wetland Nature Reserve belongs to the North Yu Plain of the Yellow River Basin Alluvial Plain, the terrain is flat, slightly tilted to the northeast, and the ground slope drop is small. The geomorphology of the reserve mainly includes the modern riverbed of the Yellow River, river floodplains, terraces and depressions behind the river, etc. The natural slope drop is 1/7000, and the elevation is 63.5 meters above sea level. Climate The reserve is located in the transition zone from warm temperate zone to subtropical zone in China, with four distinct seasons. Spring is dry and windy, with little rainfall and fast temperature rise, summer is hot and rainy, fall is dry and cool, and winter is cold with little rain and snow. Protection Objectives Protection Objects The main protection objects of the YNY Yellow River Wetland Birds National Nature Reserve are swans, cranes and other rare birds and the inland wetland ecosystem. Animal Resources Birds As of 2010, 156 species of birds are known in the reserve, belonging to 16 orders and 43 families. There are 39 species of birds listed in the national key protection, 10 species of birds belonging to the national first-level key protection, and 29 species of birds belonging to the national second-level key protection. There are 67 species of birds under the Migratory Bird Conservation Agreement signed by China, Japan and Australia ***. There are 78 species of birds that breed locally (including resident and migratory birds) and 78 species of birds that do not breed locally (including resident and migratory birds). Beasts As of 2010, there are 12 species of wild beasts in the Nature Reserve, belonging to 5 orders and 7 families. Among them, the components of the Palaearctic boundary include the common hedgehog, giant hamster, black-line hamster, Chinese zokor, black-line khaki, etc., accounting for about 41.7% of the total number of beasts; the components of the Eastern boundary include bats and yellow-breasted rats, accounting for about 16.7% of the total number of beasts; and the widespread species include the grass rabbit, the brown house mouse, the small house mouse, the yellow weasel, and the leopard cat, accounting for about 41.7% of the total number of beasts. Amphibians and Reptiles As of 2010, the Nature Reserve has five species of amphibians of one order and three families and nine species of reptiles. Among the five species of amphibians, the Zephyr frog belongs to the eastern oceanic boundary, the flower-backed toad and the northern narrow-mouthed frog belong to the Palaearctic boundary, and the black-banded frog and the big toad are widely distributed in both the Palaearctic and the eastern oceanic boundary. Among the nine species of reptiles, turtles, soft-shelled turtles, red chain snakes, red-spotted snakes, and tiger-spotted snakes are widespread species, and webless geckos, lizards, yellow-ridged snakes, and white-striped snakes belong to the Palaearctic realm. Fish As of 2010, there are 32 species of fish in 7 orders, 10 families in the Nature Reserve. 30 of the 32 species of fish are purely freshwater fishes, and only the crabs and eels are refugial fishes, which are scarce in number. The carp family is the most important among the fishes, and there are 25 species, 20 of which are of economic significance. Grass carp, bighead carp, silver carp, carp, crucian carp, etc. are traditionally cultured. A small part of the fish belongs to the Eastern Ocean boundary, and most of them are widespread species, and there is a lack of endemic species in the area, but the excellent Yellow River Carp is famous all over the world, and it is one of the key protected fish species in Henan. Plant Resources As of 2010, the flora of the Nature Reserve consists of 745 species in 273 genera of 68 families. There are 18 families and 41 species of aquatic vegetation in the wetland of this area, and the plants distributed in the water area are mainly plants of Eryngium, Cichlidium, Waterlily and Porphyra; while the plants distributed in the swamp area are mostly plants of Scrophulariaceae, Gramineae and Salixaceae. Aquatic plants in the world's widespread species 11 species, such as reeds, water candles, mixed foxtail algae, goldfish algae and duckweed, etc.; temperate distribution of 6 species, subtropical to temperate distribution of 12 species, such as eyedropper, Ziziphus, sedge, etc.; tropical to temperate distribution of 12 species, such as lilies, thread-leaved eyedropper, black algae, etc.. Terrestrial plants include plants distributed in farmland, sand dunes, saline, wasteland, around lakes and growing along the Yellow River embankment. Management Measures Management Organization Yellow River Wetland Birds National Nature Reserve Management Office, is a deputy-level fully-supplied institution under Xinxiang Environmental Protection Bureau, with an establishment of 13 people, with 1 director, 1 secretary, 2 deputy directors, 1 deputy secretary, and two sections and one room, including: 7 senior engineers, 2 engineers, 2 assistants, and 2 administrative staff. Management Measures 1. Extensive publicity and education on nature conservation guidelines, policies and regulations are carried out. In the protected area around the main traffic routes, intersections, the establishment of 16 large permanent publicity signs, writing slogans, posting notices, printing and distribution of publicity materials of the protected area; to strengthen the contact with the news media, to improve the protected area news; every year, adhere to the "Bird Friendly Week" publicity activities, through a variety of forms of publicity to enhance the awareness of the leaders at all levels and the general public of nature conservation. Through various forms of publicity, it has raised the awareness of leaders at all levels and the general public of nature conservation. 2. Properly solve the relationship between the reserve and the local people around it. The protected area is located in a densely populated agricultural area, and the surrounding villages, farmland, pasture, orchards, forests, etc. intertwined together, the correct handling, coordination of the local *** and the people with the construction of the protected area of the management of the contradictions, and strive for the local *** and the general public of the protection of the cause of the support of the people, the work of the protected area is a good basis for the conditions. Yubei Yellow River Wetland Birds National Nature Reserve 3, is strictly prohibited in the core area of the reserve hunting, reclamation, grazing, deforestation, sand pulling, fish ponds and other activities harmful to the survival of wild animals and plants. 4、Improve the monitoring of water sources in the nature reserve, regularly measure the groundwater level, strengthen the monitoring of the water environment, and strictly prevent the pollution of the reserve by industrial production waste water. 5、Observe the dynamics of bird resources on a regular basis, grasp the activity pattern of rare waterfowls and the change of population size, establish resource files, and take effective measures in time when problems are found. 6、Increase the frequency of patrolling and management of the nature reserve, and discover and deal with the illegal behaviors of damaging the protected area in time. 7, strengthen the management of nature reserves, protect the integrity of the natural ecological environment for the benefit of future generations, approved by the people of Henan Province and Xinxiang ***, the scope of the nature reserve has begun to reduce the scope of the work, the relevant text information has been through the Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau of the organization of the expert review and validation, and submitted to the State Environmental Protection Administration. The new plan has appropriately adjusted the scope and area of the reserve. Ecological Value The Northern Yellow River Old Road Bird Wetland National Nature Reserve is located in the transition zone from warm temperate zone to subtropical zone in China. Its geomorphology is characterized by the back-river depressions, trough-shaped depressions and vast Yellow River mudflats inherited from the Yellow River diversion, and the water source is from surface runoff, diverted Yellow water and groundwater during the flood season, which makes the reserve a rare piece of natural wetland in the middle of China with a high density of population. It is a rare natural wetland in the densely populated area in the central plains of China. The Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve in the north of Henan Province has vast waters and mudflats, rich wild plants and animals, and many birds, and it is a large wetland remaining in the densely populated and well-developed transportation zone in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Plain, with a rich variety of northern species of plants and animals, southern species, and widespread species, and it is the northern boundary of the wintering of winter birds, which is of important significance to the protection of biodiversity and potential scientific research and development and ecotourism value. It has important biodiversity conservation significance and potential scientific research development and ecotourism value. It is of great significance for the protection of biodiversity in the Central Plains.