Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional stories - Introduction of Li Dazhao

Introduction of Li Dazhao

Comrade Li Dazhao, Shouchang, was born on October 29, 1889, in the village of Dahaituo, Leting County, Hebei Province. From the age of seven, he studied in the village school, and in 1905, he was admitted to the Yongpingfu Middle School, and in 1907, he was admitted to the Beiyang Law and Politics Specialized School in Tianjin. In his youth, he witnessed the perilous situation of the country and the darkness of the society under the invasion of imperialism, which inspired his patriotic fervor and determination to seek a way out for the suffering China. After the fruits of the Xinhai Revolution were stolen by Yuan Shikai, he began to publish articles exposing the rule of the warlords and bureaucrats, which only deepened the disaster of the nation and the suffering of the people. In 1913, he traveled east to Japan in anger and studied at Waseda University in Tokyo. After Japan put forward the twenty-one conditions for the demise of the country to the Chinese government of Yuan Shikai, he took part in the patriotic struggle of the General Association of Students in Japan, and sent the "Letter of Warning to the Fathers and Mothers of the Nation" to China. At this time, he began to come into contact with socialist ideas and Marxist doctrines. Upon his return to China in 1916, he took an active part in the emerging New Culture Movement. In his essay "Youth", he called on young people to "break the shackles of history, cleanse the filth of history, create a new life for the nation, and redeem the youth of the nation". He actively attacked the old rituals and morals idolized by Confucius, and waged a fierce struggle against the reactionary forces that raised Confucius to defend their own rule at that time. The victory of the October Socialist Revolution in Russia in 1917 greatly encouraged and inspired Comrade Ta-Chao. He gradually and clearly came to the position of Marxism and became the earliest Marxist and ****productivist in China. From 1917 to 1919, he published many articles enthusiastically publicizing the Russian Revolution and Marxism, and engaged in a polemic with the bourgeois reformist Hu Shi on "Problems and Doctrines," which aroused a wide and strong reaction in the intellectual circles. In 1918 he became director of the library of Peking University and later a professor of economics, and joined the editorial board of the New Youth magazine. At the end of that year, he founded the Weekly Review with Chen Duxiu and others, and edited the Morning Post Supplement the following year. At the same time, he also assisted the students of Peking University in founding the journals Nation and Xinchao. With the development of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal May Fourth Patriotic Movement under the leadership of Comrade Dazhao and others, the influence of Marxism was expanding. In March 1920, Comrade Dazhao initiated the organization of the Marxist Doctrine Research Society and the ****productivist group in Beijing. Many young people accepted Marxism under his influence, and some of them became famous activists in the early days of the Chinese ****anist Party, such as Comrade Deng Zhongxia and Comrade Gao Junyu. Comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Zhou Enlai were also influenced by him. Comrade Dazhao fought hard for the establishment of the Chinese ****production party and was one of the main founders of our party.

After the founding of the Chinese ****production Party in 1921, Comrade Dazhao guided the work in the north on behalf of the Party Central Committee. At the Second, Third and Fourth Congresses of the Party, he was elected a member of the Central Committee. At the end of 1924, he became secretary of the Party's northern district executive committee. Under his leadership, the Party organizations in the north sent many comrades to carry out Party and regiment work in the vast areas of Hebei, Lu, Henan, Jin, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China, and successively launched such famous struggles as the Kailuan General Strike and the 27th General Strike. In 1922, he was entrusted by the Party to negotiate with Dr. Sun Yat-sen in Shanghai for national **** cooperation, and participated in the leadership of the First National Congress of the Kuomintang in Guangzhou in 1924, making significant contributions to the establishment of the united front of the national revolution and the realization of the First National **** Cooperation. In 1925, when Dr. Sun Yat-sen was on his way to the north and at the time of his death, during the May 30th Movement, he led the northern party organizations to mobilize the masses and to carry out a vigorous anti-imperialist and anti-warlord struggle in the northern areas ruled by the Beiyang warlords. He actively carried out extensive united front work and led the organization of the reorganized Kuomintang in Beijing. He resolutely opposed the right wing of the Kuomintang. He endeavored to train and send a large number of cadres for the revolutionary movement in the south. He strongly supported the peasants' movement, which was then flourishing mainly in some rural areas in the south and had also begun to spread to the north, and wrote articles on the importance of carrying out the peasants' movement and resolving the land issue. He also paid attention to expanding the influence of the revolutionary movement in the army, and played an important role in General Feng Yuxiang's pledge to join the Northern Expedition in Wuyuan. As a scholar and revolutionary of high moral character, Comrade Dazhao was widely respected by all social strata, and his reputation was a major factor in his effective revolutionary work in many aspects.

On March 18, 1926, people from all walks of life in Beijing held a general meeting at Tiananmen Square against Japan and other countries demanding the evacuation of Dagu Kou, and petitioned in front of the government of the Anhui warlord Duan Qirui, who was bloody massacred by the Duan government. After the tragedy, Comrade Dazhao continued to lead the northern organizations of the ****production party and the Kuomintang to persist in the struggle. Soon after, the army of Zhang Zuolin, a warlord of the Fengtian system, entered Beijing, and the white terror became more serious. On April 6 of the following year, Zhang Zuolin, with the support of the imperialists, arrested more than 80 people, including Comrade Dazhao. Comrade Dazhao was tortured, but in prison and in court, he was always righteous and heroic. April 28, the ferocious and cowardly enemy, despite the opposition of the general public opinion, will be Comrade Dazhao and Tan Zuyao, Deng Wenhui, Xie Boyu, Mo Tongrong, Yao Yan, Zhang Bohua, Li Yinlian, Yang Jingshan, Fan Hongjie, Xie Chengchang, Lu Youyu, Yinghua, Zhang Yilan, Yan Zhensan, Li Kun, Wu Pingdi, Tao Yongli, Zheng Peiming, Fang Bersu*** twenty revolutionaries (most of them are ****producers, but also the Kuomintang) hanged together. ) were hanged together. Comrade Dazhao was fearless at the time of execution, the first to go to the gallows, calmly. He was less than thirty-eight years old at the time.

The coffin of Comrade Li Dazhao was parked in a temple outside Xuanwumen for many years. On April 23, 1933, his family and many prominent members of the public initiated a funeral for Comrade Li Dazhao and buried his coffin in the Xiangshan Wan'an Cemetery. A large number of students, workers and citizens braved the white terror to attend the funeral, forming a magnificent demonstration movement for which many participants were arrested and even killed.

Before the liberation of the country, some of Comrade Li Dazhao's writings were compiled by his relatives, with a preface by Mr. Lu Xun, but they were never released under reactionary rule. It was not until 1959 that the People's Publishing House published a re-edited version of Li Dazhao's Selected Works. In 1981, the People's Literature Publishing House published an updated version of Li Dazhao's Selected Poems and Writings. In 1984, the People's Publishing House published Li Dazhao's Collected Writings with more than 1.1 million words.

Comrade Li Dazhao was infinitely loyal to the liberation cause of the Chinese people, to his faith in Marxism and to the revolutionary future of the proletariat. His fearless dedication to pioneering and developing the ****anist movement in China will always be a shining example for all revolutionaries. Comrade Ta-Chao and countless other martyrs fell gloriously, but their sacrifice did not stop the Chinese revolution; on the contrary, the Chinese revolution continued to advance in the blood of the fallen until it won a great victory. As an outstanding son of the Chinese people and a great proletarian revolutionary, Comrade Dazhao's performance will always be remembered and revered by the Chinese people.

In order to commemorate Comrade Li Dazhao and carry forward his great ****proletarian revolutionary spirit, the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China moved the coffins of him and his wife, Comrade Zhao Sailan (1883-1933), to the newly-built Mausoleum of the Martyrs of Li Dazhao on 18 March 1983, and buried them in the newly-built Mausoleum of the Martyrs of Li Dazhao.

Comrade Li Dazhao, the great Marxist and pioneer of China's ****productivist movement, is immortalized!