How the China-centered tribute system collapsed in late Qing history.

After the opium wars, the dynasty's status as a great power was shaken, the western powers scrambled to the east. First of all, the Qing dynasty lost the southern foothills of the Himalayas and the seven river basin countries, and lost the Indochina countries, with the rise of Japan, the Sino-Japanese War to defeat the Qing dynasty, and finally lost North Korea, so, China-centered tribute system completely collapsed.