Where did Kunqu Opera originate?

Question 1: Kunqu Opera, also known as Kunqu Opera, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera, originated in which province? It is the oldest opera in China and a treasure of traditional culture and art in China. As a bachelor of Hanlin, Guan Yunshi was deeply influenced by Han nationality's thought and literature. He appreciates the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and yearns for a quiet and leisurely life. Later, he quit his job, lived in seclusion in Jiangnan, changed his name to "Yi Fu", and made a living selling medicine in Qiantang, calling himself "Lu Hua Taoist". He is good at writing Sanqu. The tunes he created were passed on to Yang in Zhangpu, Zhejiang Province, and later called "Haiyan Opera", which spread to the Ming Dynasty and was the originator of "Kunqu Opera". Since the mid-Ming Dynasty, he has ruled China's drama for nearly 300 years. Kunqu opera, which combines singing, dancing and martial arts, is known for its elegant dictionary, euphemistic lines and delicate performance, and is known as the "ancestor of hundreds of operas". In Kunqu Opera, drums and banquets control the singing rhythm. Qu Di and Sanxian are the main accompaniment instruments, and their singing pronunciation is "Zhongzhou Rhyme". 200 1, Kunqu opera is listed as "representative work of human oral and intangible heritage" by UNESCO.

Question 2: Where is the origin of Kunqu Opera? The origin of Kunqu opera

China's traditional operas, from Southern Opera in the Song and Yuan Dynasties to Jin and Yuan Zaju, gradually developed and evolved. The peasant uprising overthrew Mongolia at the end of Yuan Dynasty.

After the feudal rule of nobles, the people of all ethnic groups in the south got rid of the shackles of ethnic discrimination politically and produced something.

Recovery, business gradually developed. At this time, China's drama has also undergone corresponding great changes, forming a "northern drama" (Yuan Zaju

) decline, the phenomenon of "Southern Opera" revival.

At that time, the main script of Southern Opera was Legend, and many voices were singing legends, the oldest of which originated in Haiyan, Zhejiang.

The tune, which was popular in Jiaxing, Huzhou, Wenzhou and Taizhou, was reintroduced to Jiangxi in Wanli, and was widely popular in Yi areas.

Yang Qiang, distributed in Jiangxi, South Beijing, Hunan, Fujian, Anhui, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan and Guizhou, has many kinds.

Popular in Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou and Xuzhou.

Guizhou, Guichi, Anhui, Taihu Lake and other places. There are also Siping cavity, Yiwu cavity and Leping cavity, all of which have little influence.

There is also a process for the revival of Southern Opera. The nobles and literati in the early Ming Dynasty also played the Northern Song Dynasty as a beautiful music. As for the people,

At the same time, the broad masses generally like the southern opera with popular tone and complete twists and turns. Wait until "Jing (Ji), Liu.

(Liu Zhiyuan's Tale of the White Rabbit), worship (Wang Ruilan's Moon Pavilion in funeral march) and killing (killing dogs) are four great legends and glories (Zecheng).

After the popularity of Pipa Ji, which is based on rhetoric in various aspects, it has been greatly improved and aroused the literati class.

With the government's attention, the South Opera has moved from the square to the high hall and feast, and its value is increasing day by day.

Kunqu Opera, which is "beautiful and far away, surpassing the three operas", began in Kunshan at the end of Yuan Dynasty and is a southern opera.

A tribe. According to Ming? Yu Feng (Kunshan) Zhang Guangde's Record (Volume II) records that "there was Gu Jian in the Yuan Dynasty, although he had left.

Sanli Kunshan, living in Qiandun, is good at Nanci and writing ancient Fu. Kukuo Timur listened to his good songs and begged again and again for unyielding. With yang tiedi

Gu Aying and Ni are friends, and they live in two places. His works include ten volumes of Tao Zhen Ji Ya and eight volumes of Yue Yue Sheng Ren Yue Fu.

Known in the world, he is good at making southern songs, so it was called Kunshan tune at the beginning of the founding of the country. "

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Kunshan dialect was just a kind of Qingqu, which was popular in Wuzhong. This "gentle and graceful"

The change and development of Kunshan dialect was after the middle of Ming Dynasty. In Jiajing (1522- 1566) and Qin Long (1567- 1572).

Wei Liangfu, a native of Zhang Yu (Nanchang), Jiangxi Province, lives in Nanguan, Taicang (under the jurisdiction of Kunshan in Yuan Dynasty).

)。 Wei Liangfu used to be a northern opera singer. After arriving in Wuzhong, he devoted himself to southern music. He thought that some southern songs sang at that time.

Frank and unintentional (simple line cavity or slow rhythm), so based on the original Kunshan cavity, it refers to Haiyan and Yuyao.

The advantages of the cavity, and absorbed some singing methods of the Northern Song Dynasty (it should be "cadence, rope knot, stop, steal blowing, press.

"Tone" and other decorative techniques to polish tunes, as well as singing skills to shape characters' personalities and emotions with different timbres)

And with Zhang Meigu, who is good at blowing holes, Xie Linquan, who is tired of work, and Zhang Xiaoquan, Zhou Mengshan, Ji Jingpo and Dai Mei.

Sichuan and Bao Mandi formed a creative collective with the same views and ideals in art, and greatly transformed Kunshan dialect.

Development. Wei Liangfu is very particular about enunciation, intonation and radio in singing, and he will go to the old Nanguan singer Okura for every gain.

Marble asked for advice and was approved. He was tired of repeated revisions. At the same time, Zhang, a famous northern opera player in Hebei Province, committed a crime.

With Taicang Wei, he took the daughter of a good singer as his son-in-law, and he helped Wei "tune the syllables to make them close to Nanyin." . Parallel reform

Three-string (shape) style, the piano body is slightly thinner, the drum is round, made of civil wood, and named Heizai (that is, "South String" used in Kunqu Opera and Tanci).

")。 It is used together with Qu Di, Huai Drum and Violin (national stringed instruments), and is a characteristic accompaniment instrument of Kunqu Opera. This new hole

It is characterized by softness and tactfulness. "Call a water mill and play the cold plate." The sound is flat and harmonious, and the words are smooth.

..... Speak softly and listen carefully. "It has become a new voice that blends North and South songs." It's called "Kunqu Opera" and the title of the song is "Teacher".

Song' ". But at this time, Kunqu opera is still a oratorio, which has not yet been able to reflect the script and shape the stage.

Kunqu Opera was put on the stage by oratorio and became a drama, which began with Chen Liang Yu's "Huansha Ji". Kunshan Liang Chenyu (15 19-

No. 159 1) Qiu Chi waishi, a famous opera writer, is proficient in poetry and music. Wei Liangfu's achievements in changing his tone made him

Inspired by this, he often sets up a king bed ... >>

Question 3: Where is the birthplace of Kunqu Opera? Wei Liangfu lives in Taicang. He is called "the ancestor of Kunqu Opera" because he has made great contributions to Kunqu Opera. The origin of Kunqu Opera "Kunshan Tune" should be spread in Kunshan area.

Question 4: Where is Kunqu Opera? Kunshan, Suzhou

Question 5: When did Kunqu Opera originate? Kunqu Opera originated from the vocal art system in Kunshan, Suzhou in the 14 and 15 centuries, and it is an art form integrating singing, dancing and martial arts. Now it also refers to its stage form, Kunqu Opera. In Kunqu Opera, drums and banquets control the singing rhythm, and Qu Di and Sanxian are the main accompaniment instruments. The pronunciation of the aria is "Zhongzhou Rhyme", while the northern song follows "Beizhongzhou" and the southern song follows "Nanzhongzhou". 200 1, Kunqu opera is listed as "representative work of human oral and intangible heritage" by UNESCO.

According to the article "A Floating Life of Nanci" recorded by Wen Zhiming, "Gu Jian was born in Yuan Dynasty, lived in Sanliqiandun (now Qiandeng Town) in Kunshan, and was good at Nanci and ancient Fu. Kukuo Timur listened to his good songs and begged again and again to be unyielding. He is good at making Nanyin, and the title was called "Kunshan Tune" from the beginning. Gu Jian of Kunshan was the founder of Kunqu Opera at the end of Yuan Dynasty. There is Gu Jian Memorial Hall in Qiandeng Town, Kunshan today.

Question 6: The birthplace of Kunqu Opera, Kunshan City, Jiangsu Province, the birthplace of Kunqu Opera

Kunqu Opera is a kind of singing art system that originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province in the 14 and 15 centuries, and now it generally refers to its stage form-Kunqu Opera. In 200 1 year, this play was listed as "representative work of oral and intangible heritage of mankind" by UNESCO. Kunqu Opera uses drums and clappers to control the singing rhythm, and Qu Di and Sanxian are the main accompaniment instruments.

Kunqu Opera originated in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province, and Kunshan Opera in Ming Dynasty was one of the four major operas. During the years of Zheng De and Jiajing, Wei Liangfu, a Qingqu singer, inherited the ancient tradition of "entertaining people", improved Kunshan dialect, adopted Zhongzhou rhyme system, followed the word sequence, and "called water mill, played the cold bench" with beautiful tunes. Later, the legendary new works of Kunqu Opera, Jade Me, Feng Ming and Huansha, appeared, and the new tune became popular all over the country and became the dominant tune of traditional Chinese opera. From Jiajing in Ming Dynasty to Qianlong in Qing Dynasty, Kunqu Opera flourished for more than 200 years, and the stage art of Kunqu Opera also matured in the middle of Qing Dynasty. Since then, the Flower Department has risen, and Ya Bu, represented by Kunqu Opera, has gradually withdrawn from the stage, but his voice and performing arts have profoundly influenced later operas, such as Beijing Opera. The singing activities of folk music clubs have also emerged in an endless stream, becoming the main force to preserve singing norms.

The richness of Kunqu opera plays is second to none among all kinds of operas. The stage art is characterized by the opera, and pays attention to oral instruction. During the Republic of China, the students of the word "Chuan" in Suzhou Kunju Opera Studio can still perform more than 400 discount operas. Because of war and political turmoil, art follows people. Nowadays, the number of traditional Kunqu operas has dropped sharply, and protection has become a top priority.

Kunqu opera

The Peony Pavilion, also known as the Story of Resurrection, is the most famous passbook, which is the dream of visiting the garden.

The story of pipa

Xiuyan period

Huanshaji

jade hairpin

Palace where youth lives forever.

Xilouji

Nanxi river Ji

Question 7: Where did Kunqu opera come from? Kunqu Opera, also known as Kunqu Opera, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera, is one of the oldest operas in China and a treasure of traditional culture and art in China.

Kunqu Opera, formerly known as "Kunshan Tune" and "Kunqu Opera", is an ancient opera tune and genre in China. It has been called "Kunqu Opera" since the Qing Dynasty, and it is also called "Kunqu Opera" now. Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest traditional operas in China, and it is also a treasure of traditional culture and art in China, especially opera art, which is called an "orchid" in a hundred gardens.

Kunqu Opera was produced in Kunshan, Suzhou as early as the end of Yuan Dynasty (14 century). It, Haiyan originated in Zhejiang, Yu Yaoqiang originated in Jiangxi, and Yiyang Opera originated in Jiangxi. Known as the four major operas in Ming Dynasty, it belongs to the Southern Opera system.

Please adopt it in time

Question 8: Where did Kunqu Opera originate? How many years ago? Since March this year, an exquisite and beautiful mobile Kunqu Art Museum has been exhibited in Beijing, Shanghai, Seoul and Vienna. This is the legendary peak of China "1699? Peach blossom fan ". May 18, 19, "1699? Peach Blossom Fan was performed twice in Nanjing Zijin Theatre, and I was lucky enough to enjoy it once with my friends. But I didn't know about this performance beforehand, and I didn't foresee that the performance would be so wonderful and the scene would be so exquisite and huge. I have seen China traditional opera performances, but this time, when I saw the design and lighting of the stage, I knew it was definitely a large-scale luxury production. So I began to be glad that not only did I not miss the performance, but my friends in the same industry just bought a digital camera with a telephoto lens that day. Under the optical zoom lens of 12 times, even if I stand in the last row, I can still take pictures at will. In short, I want to thank my friend-Gui Gulan!

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This time, according to Kong's original performance Peach Blossom Fan, the director invited world-renowned artists to help out.

In terms of scripts, Yu Guangzhong, a master of Taiwan Province literature, served as a literary consultant. What kind of Kunqu experts are interested in this edition of 1699? "Peach Blossom Fan" respects the spirit of the original version of Confucius, which has both inheritance and bold innovation.

The drama consultant on the stage is Sun F Ce, the director of South Korea's "national hand". He is not only famous for his stage plays, but also served as the general director of the opening ceremony of the World Cup in Korea and Japan, and made great achievements in the combination of traditional spirit and modern methods. He thinks Peach Blossom Fan is a classic among the classics. As a "world heritage", how can Kunqu Opera be better passed down? The attempt of peach blossom fan is very important.

In addition, the famous Japanese composer Gang Chenggong, who once composed music for Miyazaki Hayao films, also specially created music for the promotion activities.

In terms of stage vision, Xiao, who has lived in America for a long time, is the only female dancer and lighting designer in Asia. She has won all the China stage lighting awards, and this stage will be a "paradise". Land? The combination of "people" and "there is a play in the play, and there is a stage in Taichung" has brought China's traditional drama stage to the extreme.

Mo, a fashion designer, won the technical award at Cannes Film Festival for his film "Jing Ke Playing Qin". The clothes he designed were redesigned in color on the basis of retaining the traditional style. The 200 sets of clothes in the play are all beautifully hand-embroidered, and all the pieces are works of art.

The 600-year-old prosperity of Kunqu Opera is an extremely elegant era. Peach Blossom Fan is a historical drama in Kunqu Opera, which not only expresses the feelings of men and women who are sad for spring, but also clearly "explains" the historical background and lifestyle at that time. 《 1699? Peach blossom fan, with modern stage equipment, reproduces the prosperity on both sides of Qinhuai River. On the concept of stage space, director Tian Qinxin adopted the concept of mobile museum, and the stage creativity of Taichung Taiwan skillfully added modern elements to classicism.

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Among all the stage scenery, the most striking is the first overall public appearance, the national treasure scroll "Fan Huitu in Nandu" known as the "Riverside Scene on Qingming Festival in Ming Dynasty".

Map of Fan Hui, Du Nan (Part)

Chou Ying, a famous court painter in Ming Dynasty, once painted a long scroll, which vividly showed the bustling scene of Nanjing during Yongle period in Ming Dynasty. This is the national treasure scroll "Southern Map". This picture is 44 cm long and 330 cm wide, starting from the suburb of Tian She, centering on Shinan Street and Beishi Street in the city, and ending in front of Du Nangong. There are more than 1000 people in the shape of * * *, and more than 200 shops and businesses can be seen everywhere, showing the prosperity of Nanjing 600 years ago.

However, as a national first-class cultural relic, it has been collected by the National Museum of China and has never been formally presented as a whole. To this end, the film crew tried to copy the pictures of Du Nan Fan Hui's map. During the performance, this photo was cleverly hidden on the stage by lighting ... >>

Question 9: When did Kunqu Opera originate? Is it the oldest opera in existence? Kunqu Opera, the ancestor of hundred operas, originated in Kunshan at the end of Yuan Dynasty, with a history of more than 600 years. However, the prototype of the original drama should be Nuo opera, which initially had two functions of entertaining people and spirits. Now the function of entertaining people is gradually losing. You can watch the documentary 600 Years of Kunqu Opera, which is good.

Question 10: Which dynasty did Kunqu opera originate from? What are the famous representative works of Kunqu Opera? 1. Kunqu Opera, also known as Kunqu Opera, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera, is one of the oldest operas in China and a treasure of traditional culture and art in China.

2. As a bachelor of Hanlin, Guan Yunshi was deeply influenced by the thought and literature of the Han nationality, admired the scenery in the south of the Yangtze River and yearned for a quiet and leisurely life. Later, he quit his job, lived in seclusion in Jiangnan, changed his name to "Yi Fu", and made a living selling medicine in Qiantang, calling himself "Lu Hua Taoist". He is good at writing Sanqu. The tunes he created were passed on to Yang in Zhangpu, Zhejiang Province, and later called "Haiyan Opera", which spread to the Ming Dynasty and was the originator of "Kunqu Opera". Since the mid-Ming Dynasty, he has ruled China's drama for nearly 300 years. Kunqu opera, which combines singing, dancing and martial arts, is known for its elegant dictionary, euphemistic lines and delicate performance, and is known as the "ancestor of hundreds of operas". In Kunqu Opera, drums and banquets control the singing rhythm. Qu Di and Sanxian are the main accompaniment instruments, and their singing pronunciation is "Zhongzhou Rhyme".

3.200 1 18 In May, UNESCO published the first batch of "representative lists of oral and intangible heritage of mankind" in Paris, and * * 19 declared projects were selected, including China's Kunqu opera art. China became one of the 19 countries that won this honor for the first time.

Kunqu Opera, formerly known as "Kunshan Tune" and "Kunqu Opera", is an ancient opera tune and genre in China. It has been called "Kunqu Opera" since the Qing Dynasty, and it is also called "Kunqu Opera" now. Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest traditional operas in China, and it is also a treasure of traditional culture and art in China, especially opera art, which is called an "orchid" in a hundred gardens.

Kunqu Opera was produced in Kunshan, Suzhou as early as the end of Yuan Dynasty (14 century). It, Haiyan originated in Zhejiang, Yu Yaoqiang originated in Jiangxi, and Yiyang Opera originated in Jiangxi. Known as the four major operas in Ming Dynasty, it belongs to the Southern Opera system.

Kunshan dialect began as a folk song ditty. At first, its distribution area was limited to Suzhou, but during the Wanli period, it spread from Suzhou to the south of the Yangtze River and the north of Qiantang River, and also flowed into Beijing during the Wanli period. In this way, Kunshan Opera became the most influential vocal opera from the middle of Ming Dynasty to the middle of Qing Dynasty.