Eco-industrial background

After a long era of fishing and hunting civilization, primitive agriculture was born about 1 10,000 years ago, marking the arrival of the era of agricultural civilization. The industrial revolution 200 years ago brought mankind into modern society. Industry has replaced agriculture as the central industry of society, and mankind has entered the era of modern industrial civilization. At the same time, the industrial revolution promoted the transformation of agriculture and equipment agriculture with industrial technology, and made agricultural development move towards modern agriculture. Its main characteristics are the industrialization of agricultural technology and the commercialization of agricultural products. Mechanization, electrification, water conservancy and chemistry of agricultural farming were first completed in developed countries. And formed the so-called "petroleum agriculture", which is characterized by the use of a large number of chemical fertilizers and pesticides (produced with petroleum as raw materials) and the use of agricultural machinery (powered by petroleum). The development of traditional agriculture has led to vegetation destruction, soil erosion, soil fertility decline and other adverse consequences. The characteristics of modern agriculture, such as high investment, high cost, high pollution, specialization and intensification of production, lead to serious problems such as land pollution, hardening and quality degradation. On the other hand, the simplification of planting reduces species diversity, thus weakening the natural regulation of agriculture and reducing the safety and nutritional value of agricultural products.

Obviously, the development of the above-mentioned agricultural industry, industrial industry and consumption pattern is unsustainable, because they destroy the resource and environmental foundation on which human beings depend, and it can be said that human beings dig their own graves. Therefore, it is urgent to find an industrial model that can not only develop economy but also protect resources and environment, and eco-industry comes into being. Its birth and development will surely make mankind step into a new social form, thus forming a new civilization-ecological civilization.

The industrial revolution greatly promoted the development of social productive forces, but it also caused unprecedented ecological and environmental problems. A series of public pollution incidents occurred in the middle of last century, such as the explosion of Chernobyl nuclear power plant in the former Soviet Union, and the pesticide plant leak in Bhopal. There are more global problems such as acid rain, ozone depletion and global warming.

Social production is for the market. In order to stimulate market development, we adopt a lifestyle of high consumption, high consumption, high elimination and high scrap, forming a linear process from raw materials-production-consumption-waste, resulting in excessive consumption of resources and excessive accumulation of waste, thus causing serious environmental pollution problems.