What is the cause of urticaria?

Urticaria is a common skin disease, characterized by itching and wheal, which is usually induced by allergic and non-allergic mechanisms. About 15%~25% of patients have suffered from urticaria in their lifetime, and 80%~90% of urticaria can't find external causes. These patients are traditionally called chronic idiopathic urticaria. The average course of urticaria is 3~5 years, and some patients can last for 20 years.

The classification of urticaria diseases is to better understand its pathogenesis and guide treatment. According to the medical history and laboratory examination, urticaria can be divided into allergic urticaria and non-allergic urticaria, in which allergic urticaria can be divided into IgE-mediated urticaria and non-IgE-mediated urticaria. The purpose of this in-depth classification is to try specific immunotherapy to treat IgE-mediated urticaria. The infiltration mode of inflammatory cells in chronic urticaria is similar to the delayed phase reaction induced by allergens, showing superficial perivascular inflammation. However, cytokine secretion patterns {Interleukin -4(IL-4), Interleukin -5(IL-5) and r-IFN)} indicate a Th0 or mixed th6+0/Th2 reaction pattern, rather than a simple Th2 reaction.

The frontier science of anti-IgE antibody in the treatment of urticaria: At present, the most researched pathogenesis of urticaria is autoimmune theory, and the incidence of autoimmune urticaria has been paid more and more attention by clinical urticaria research. Although histamine is considered to be the most important mediator in the pathogenesis of urticaria, patients with acute and chronic urticaria will soon disappear after taking antihistamines, and urticaria will also be relieved. According to the above IgE-mediated immune theory, mast cells in tissues and basophils circulating or chemotactic to tissues are the two main sources of histamine production, while there are IgE high affinity receptors on the surfaces of mast cells and basophils, and allergen binding can lead to the cross-linking of the latter and induce the release of histamine, the main inflammatory mediator in cells. Histamine and other mediators can also be released through non-allergic mechanisms. Besides histamine, other mast cell mediators (alopecia) also play a role in urticaria.

Some studies believe that about two-thirds of chronic urticaria is related to autoimmunity, and there is sufficient evidence to prove that some patients with chronic urticaria have functional anti-IgE receptor antibodies and/or anti-IgE antibodies that can degranulate skin mast cells or basophils. In acute attack, about 58% patients have autoantibodies of IgE molecules, and 25% patients have anti-IgE antibodies. The increase of IgE antibodies in serum is the main reason for the secretion of inflammatory mediators such as histamine. Some cases have reported that anti-IgE antibodies and anti-leukotriene preparations are effective in treating some chronic urticaria.

The treatment of urticaria varies greatly in severity and clinical types, and the treatment plan should be individualized. As with other allergic diseases, if there are definite allergens, the treatment plan should include avoiding contact with allergens. Antihistamines are commonly used in clinical treatment of urticaria. 1 generation Ruchlorpheniramine can effectively relieve symptoms and reduce the number of skin lesions, but it has adverse reactions such as drowsiness and anticholinergic. The second generation, such as loratadine and cetirizine hydrochloride, have weak sedative effect and are currently the first-line clinical drugs. However, we will find that antihistamines have a quick effect on urticaria, but they can be controlled after taking the medicine, and urticaria will still occur without taking the medicine. From acute urticaria to chronic urticaria, drug treatment is intermittent, and it still can't get rid of urticaria. In recent years, through the research on allergic diseases and IgE-mediated allergies, anti-IgE antibody immunotherapy has been introduced into some chronic allergic diseases, such as chronic urticaria, atopic dermatitis (eczema), perennial rhinitis and cough variant asthma. Minyikang anti-allergic probiotics can participate in IgE-mediated immune allergic reaction. By measuring the effect of human dendritic cells co-cultured with anti-allergic probiotics on the secretion of interleukin (IL- 12), the composition of anti-allergic probiotic strains with anti-allergic ability was screened. Active and non-pathogenic microorganisms can be used to improve the ecological balance of intestinal microorganisms, the largest immune organ of human body, and then promote the immune tolerance function. Lactobacillus salivarius has the international patent certification for reducing serum IgE allergic antibody. After continuous supplementation for more than three months, the concentration of IgE in the body decreases, so that allergens cannot bind with IgE antibodies in the body, and thus a series of allergic biochemical reactions no longer occur. The effective combination of anti-allergic drugs and anti-IgE antibody immunotherapy with anti-allergic probiotics can also produce ideal rehabilitation effect, which can eventually shorten the treatment course of urticaria and reduce the recurrence rate of urticaria.

Taboos in daily life and diet 1, don't rob 2, don't hot compress 3. Diet should be light, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables and supplement vitamins. 4. If it is urticaria caused by food allergy, fast this food. Avoid eating foods containing artificial additives and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables. Fried, fried or spicy foods are unlikely to cause thermal reactions in the body.