[Stages in the Formation of Teachers' Personalized Teaching] Stages in the Formation of Teachers' Roles

The teacher's personalized teaching refers to the teacher's own ideas, theories and techniques into the teaching process, the formation of the students are happy to accept and have their own personal characteristics of teaching activities, it is the teacher's personalized teaching to promote the development of students' personality of teaching, is the teacher in the focus on the premise of the development of their own personality to promote the development of students' personality of teaching.

The formation of personalized teaching implies a high degree of maturity in the art of teaching. But teachers need to go through a long developmental stage and teaching practice process from the beginning of teaching to the realization of personalized teaching. McDonald (McDonald, F,) once divided the teacher stage development into four stages: transition stage (transition stage), exploration stage (exploring stage), innovation and experimenting stage (innovation and experimenting stage) and professional teaching stage (professional teaching stage). professional teaching stage). He believes that in the transition stage, teachers have a low sense of efficacy and only know their students; in the exploration stage, teachers have a sense of self-efficacy in the use of basic teaching skills; in the invention and experimenting stage, teachers are able to create and try out new teaching strategies and techniques, and gradually develop the ability to make critical judgments; and in the professional teaching stage, teachers have problem-solving skills and show creativity in helping other teachers. Creativity. The formation of personalized teaching, as an important aspect of teacher development, follows this line of development.

According to McDonald's (F.) research results and in-depth study of teachers' teaching practice, the formation of teachers' personalized teaching has gone through the following stages: preparation stage, adaptation stage, creation stage and formation stage. These four stages are four essential stages in the formation of personalized teaching, but also the way for teachers to perfect the art of teaching.

One, the preparation stage: the premise of personalized teaching in an orderly manner

This stage is the teacher to imitate the key learning object stage. As the saying goes, stand tall to see far. Teachers in this stage is mainly characterized by imitation, learning and borrowing. Imitation is an important way of human learning, teachers in the beginning of teaching, because there is no teaching experience, so always unconsciously imitate the teaching of other teachers. Appropriate imitation is conducive to the growth of teachers, but it is harmful to imitate and copy. The famous educator Ye Shengtao once said: "No matter how good other people's experience is, we should always understand the essence of it, combined with their own specific circumstances, and apply it flexibly. If you are not used to it, you may get bad results even if you learn from good experience." Therefore, teachers at this stage, avoid blind imitation, should choose fruitful teaching experience, with their own personality consistent with the teacher as the object of imitation. Imitation is not simply copying, teachers should pay attention to the positive teaching experience, distinctive teaching characteristics, so that it becomes the development of their own teaching, the formation of their own personalized teaching a powerful help.

Teachers generally need to spend 1--3 years to go through this stage, in this stage, teachers need to learn the main content are: familiar with the school teaching environment; learning, familiar with the curriculum and textbooks; to the experienced and distinctive personality of the high level of teachers to learn; learning to prepare for the lesson, the classroom, the organization of the teaching and classroom evaluation of the teaching of the basic skills; and gradually accumulate teaching of the experience to pick up. As beginning teachers are less bound by traditional education and teaching, and thus easily accept new ideas and concepts, teachers should seize the opportunity to make themselves in a high starting point for greater development, laying a good foundation for the formation of individualized teaching.

Two, the adaptation stage: the accumulation of personalized teaching order introductory

This stage refers to the teacher to make the teaching experience of the learning object for their own use, in teaching basically get rid of the imitation of the boundaries, their own gradual adaptation to the teaching and can independently deal with the problems that arise in teaching. At this stage, teachers begin to get out of the "shadow" of others, gradually establish their own image of teaching, and gradually improve their teaching ability. The main characteristics of this stage are independence, reflection and innovation. As teachers in this stage of the preparatory stage of the accumulation of teaching experience, and gradually get rid of the shackles of imitation, so the teacher's teaching slowly began to be independent, but independence is not completely independent, at this time the teacher still need to learn from their own personalities consistent with the teacher's teaching experience on the basis of the teaching of the re-processing, but this time the teacher has more reflection, some innovation.

The teacher usually enters this stage in the fourth to seventh year of his or her teaching. In this stage, teachers need to learn the main content: to y understand and appreciate the curriculum and textbooks; can independently prepare and design teaching, can reflect on teaching; and inside and outside the school peers to exchange teaching experience, discuss teaching problems, summarize the teaching experience; can try to innovate in a certain aspect of education and teaching. All teachers who are pursuing, will not always be satisfied with the adaptation stage of teaching, are trying to be innovative in teaching, will produce different teaching pursuits, from which the teacher's teaching into the next stage.

Third, the creation stage: the soul of personalized teaching continues to move forward

This stage refers to the teacher after the adaptation stage of teaching, began to teach independently, and gradually be able to combine their own personality characteristics of the art of teaching re-creation to their own particular strengths as a breakthrough, and began to gradually form their own teaching characteristics, so that the teaching began to enter the stage of personalization. The typical characteristic of this stage is originality. Goethe said, "One of the best signs of originality lies in the fact that after choosing the subject matter, one can give it such full play that it is recognized that one would never have thought that so much would be found in the subject matter." Teachers should try to reach this state Goethe speaks of when dealing with the material. At this stage, the teacher's teaching has taken on a distinctive aspect, one that is more of his or her own inner personality. The creative stage requires teachers to teach creatively, and creative teaching is also required for us to train creative people.

Some teachers may enter the creative stage after seven years or so, some may go through a longer period, and some may remain in the adaptation stage. Teachers who successfully go through the adaptation stage and enter the creation stage, the main contents of learning at this time are: they can have their own unique insights into the curriculum and textbooks, and can flexibly use textbooks in combination with the actual situation; they can teach flexibly and diversely, and have teaching wit; they can reflect y on the practice of education and teaching; they can summarize the characteristic teaching experience, and they can write a higher level of thesis. This stage is a key stage in the formation of personalized teaching, and only those teachers who pursue it relentlessly are likely to go through this stage and make outstanding contributions and show their unique charisma at this stage.

Fourth, the formation stage: the base point of the steady development of personalized teaching

This stage refers to the teacher's teaching has its own distinctive personality, teaching has reached the point of uniqueness, pure fire, the formation of their own personalized teaching, and make their own teaching has the characteristics of uniqueness, creativity, stability and development. This stage is characterized by a high degree of personalization. Teachers in this stage, so that all aspects of their teaching have their own unique creation, so that the teaching has a strong personalized color, everywhere flashing personality sparks. Teachers at this stage have formed their own personal style and personal characteristics in a certain aspect of education and teaching, and have their own brand. Teachers can perfect the teaching content, teaching methods, teaching organization together, making it a kind of art, so that the teaching to achieve a kind of "arbitrary not over the limit" realm, so that the teaching process is carried out in a harmonious and orderly manner. With this stage as the base, personalized teaching is steadily moving forward.　The formation of personalized teaching is a long-term, unremitting process, the teacher only to pay a lot of unexpected efforts, in order to go through these four stages. Each of these four stages has its own unique characteristics, and teachers can examine their own teaching according to its characteristics and look for the growth point of personalized teaching development in order to achieve the long-term development of the teaching profession. The order of these four stages of personalized teaching cannot be reversed because it follows the universal law of the development of things, as in: "Things in development are characterized by a gradual increase in character, i.e., they present themselves as a process of development from low character to high character in a vertical time link. This lawful development in the social sphere depends on the conscious activity of man." Therefore, the formation of personalized teaching also needs to go through a stage from immaturity to maturity, from imperfection to perfection, on the basis of which the continuous development and leap of teachers' teaching ability will eventually be realized. The reason why the formation of teachers' personalized teaching is divided into these four stages is to make the teachers' positioning of their teaching follow the rules. Teachers can only correctly understand themselves and appropriately give themselves a good position, in order to make the teaching to a new level: thus more conducive to the early formation of teachers' personalized teaching.

(Responsibility editor Yangzi)