? Chinese medicinal preparation-pill

Pill refers to a spherical preparation made of fine powder or drug extract and suitable binder or auxiliary materials.

Pills are one of the dosage forms created by the working people in China in the long-term struggle against diseases. China's earliest medical work Neijing recorded "four black horseshoe crabs and one milk pill". Early pills were developed on the basis of decoction. Later, traditional Chinese medicine was widely used in clinic and became a large dosage form with a wide variety, exquisite preparation and perfect theory.

The preface of China's classic medical work-Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing points out: "Those who take pills are suitable for their medicinal properties", while Yu Han Jing says: "Those who take pills can dispel wind and cold, break accumulation and eliminate all kinds of hard swelling." Su Shen Liang Fang said, "A big poison needs pills." . Since the Han and Jin Dynasties, "Pills should soothe the nerves" and "Pills should soothe the nerves" have been put forward. After taking the pill, it slowly disintegrates in the gastrointestinal tract, gradually releasing the drug, and the effect is lasting; For toxic, dramatic and toxic drugs, it can delay absorption and weaken toxicity and adverse reactions. Therefore, clinically, people who treat chronic diseases or physical weakness for a long time, and people who regulate qi and blood after illness, often use pills.

Pills can contain solid and semi-solid drugs and viscous liquid drugs when formulated. And the coating can be used to mask its odor. The production technology and equipment of pills are relatively simple, and it is also suitable for primary medical units to make their own pills.

Pills still have some disadvantages, such as large dosage, especially for children. Long production process and many pollution opportunities; Improper operation affects disintegration and curative effect; On the other hand, the current standard of effective components of Chinese patent medicine pills needs further study.

According to its preparation method or auxiliary materials, pills can be divided into the following categories:

(1) classified by preparation method.

Plastic pill: it refers to mixing fine powder of medicine with suitable binder to make plastic pills with moderate hardness, and then dividing them into pills. Such as honey pills, ointment pills, partially concentrated pills and wax pills.

Pan-pill: refers to a pill made of fine drug powder and suitable liquid as binder. Such as water pills, honey pills, partially concentrated pills, paste pills, etc.

Dropping pills: This method is also called drop polymerization. It is a pill made by dissolving and suspending the main medicine in a fat matrix or a water-soluble matrix with a low melting point, emulsifying it, and dropping it into an immiscible liquid coolant with a proper device.

(2) Classification by excipient

Honey pill: refers to a pill made of fine powder of medicine with honey as binder. According to the size and preparation method, it can be divided into big honey pills, small honey pills and pan-pill honey pills. Generally suitable for chronic diseases or tonics for regulating qi and blood.

Water pill: a small spherical pill made of cold boiled water or wine, vinegar, honey water, medicinal juice, etc. As an adhesive according to the prescription. Generally suitable for clearing away heat and relieving exterior syndrome, and promoting digestion.

Paste pill: refers to a pill made of fine powder of medicine with starch paste and rice paste as binders. Suitable for toxic, dramatic or * * *. Such as Huang Xi Pill and Koganamaru.

Wax pill: refers to a pill made of beeswax as a binder. Suitable for toxic dramas or strong drugs.

Concentrated pill: it refers to a pill made by concentrating the decoction or extract of drugs or some drugs into an extract and mixing it with appropriate excipients or fine powder of drugs. Small size and easy to carry.

Other pills: According to the viewpoint of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment and the needs of clinical treatment, some other materials (brown sugar, white sugar, maltose, jujube paste, glue juice, animal organs, milk, etc.) are selected. ) as a binder to make pills.