What is the current status of the development of animal husbandry in China?

Personally, I feel that the recent market is relatively low, affected by the general environment, which is not man-made can be changed, the prospects of modern animal husbandry is widely favored.

First, the current situation of China's livestock development analysis

Since the reform and opening up, China's livestock development has made remarkable achievements. Livestock production scale continues to expand, the total amount of livestock products increased significantly, the quality of livestock products continue to improve. Especially in recent years, with the implementation of strong agricultural policies, animal husbandry shows accelerated development momentum, livestock production mode has undergone a positive transformation, scale, standardization, industrialization and regionalization to speed up the pace. At present, the output value of the livestock industry has accounted for 34 per cent of China's total agricultural output value, and in areas where the livestock industry is developing rapidly, the income from the livestock industry has accounted for more than 40 per cent of farmers' income. China's animal husbandry in the protection of urban and rural food price stability, and promote farmers to increase income has played a vital role, many local animal husbandry has become a pillar industry of the rural economy, and become the main source of increasing farmers' income, a large number of excellent brands of animal husbandry continue to emerge, and make a positive contribution to the promotion of the development of modern animal husbandry.

At present, China's animal husbandry development, especially the quality and safety supervision of livestock products are still facing a serious situation, the task is arduous. In some places, there are insufficient investment in animal husbandry, livestock production and livestock product processing have hidden dangers, uncertain factors affecting the quality and safety of livestock products still exist, the rearing environment and production conditions are relatively backward, and the situation of major animal diseases is grim.

The construction of modern animal husbandry is an important task on the road of agricultural modernization with Chinese characteristics. Vigorously promote the brand construction of livestock products, the development of high-quality and safe brand animal husbandry, is an effective way to build modern animal husbandry. Especially in the safety of livestock products are facing a wider range of deeper challenges, vigorously strengthen the brand building of livestock products, enhance corporate social responsibility, is to deal with the challenges faced by livestock production, safeguard the life and health safety of consumers, and promote the healthy development of the livestock industry is a powerful initiative. To the livestock industry brand building as an important element to strengthen the quality of livestock products supervision, the development and implementation of relevant support policies and measures, by playing the role of excellent brand demonstration, to explore the ways and experience of livestock industry brand building.

In recent years, China's livestock production continues to show steady and healthy development trend, the main livestock products continue to grow, the production structure is further optimized, the animal husbandry industry continues to change from quantity to quality and efficiency, the output value of animal husbandry has accounted for more than 30% of the proportion of the total output value of agricultural production, livestock has become China's agricultural and rural economy in the most dynamic growth and the most important pillar industries. Livestock industry income has become an important source of income for farmers' family business.

The following statistics were released by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2009: China's pig inventory of 523 million heads, accounting for 50.9% of the world's total inventory, ranking first in the world; 219 million sheep, accounting for 18.72% of the world's total inventory, ranking first in the world; 246 million goats, accounting for 25.14% of the world's total inventory, ranking first in the world; cattle 189 million head, accounting for 9.2% of the world's total stock, ranking 3rd in the world. The total meat production amounted to 108.45 million tons, poultry eggs (excluding eggs) 8.436 million tons, 35.786 million tons of eggs, 37.85 million tons of milk, of which meat production accounted for 30 percent of the world's total output, poultry eggs accounted for 80 percent of the output, egg production accounted for 40 percent of the production of milk accounted for 5 percent. So far, China's per capita meat possession has exceeded the world's average level, egg possession reached the average level of developed countries, and milk per capita possession is only 1/13 of the world's average level. from the above data can be seen in China's animal husbandry development level in the reform and opening up of the thirty years has made rapid development.

Second, the main problems encountered in the development of China's livestock industry

2.1 Rural farmers lack of technology

For a long time China's rural production model is still based on the traditional agricultural production, small-scale production, the natural economy is still dominant. In the breeding industry is reflected in the main backyard farming, in the family production of the status of the side business. This model of backyard farming and scientific, large-scale, intensive production of modern aquaculture is far away. Retail farming production equipment, production technology and production conditions are relatively backward, especially in the ideological awareness can not adapt to the needs of modern aquaculture. Most of the retail farmers are still treating farming as a supplemental form of family income, coupled with the relatively low cultural level of these farmers to accept the modernization of professional farming skills is more difficult, which has become a major obstacle to the large-scale development of farming in rural areas.

2.2 Serious environmental pollution

Livestock farming produces a large number of feces and urine if not handled well, it directly causes pollution and damage to the local environment. Nowadays, whether large-scale modern farms or small-scale family farming, the feces and urine treatment of livestock and poultry are still a lack of appropriate environmental protection measures and waste treatment systems, feces are not treated directly in large quantities of open piles or directly discharged into the river, resulting in pollution of livestock and the environment, and at the same time these large quantities of feces and urine placed also caused a number of livestock and human epidemics occur. The existing solutions are generally flushing and biogas utilization. The use of water flushing type manure cleaning requires a large amount of treatment of sewage, which can be utilized if it can be separated and discharged into farmland, but if it is directly or indirectly discharged into the river, the pollution of surface water is also very serious. In addition, the fermentation of livestock and poultry manure produces a large amount of CO2, NH3, H2S, CH4 and other harmful gases, which, if directly discharged into the atmosphere, will jeopardize human health, exacerbate air pollution, and cause the earth's greenhouse effect. However, if it is collected and processed into biogas, it can be reused.

2.3 Shortage of feed resources

For a long time, the development of China's animal husbandry industry mainly relies on food production. Although China's total grain production has increased to some extent, but the increase is not large. At the same time, China's population is also growing, coupled with the livestock breeding land for various reasons to reduce year by year, coupled with the reality of China's relative decline in food production, the development of animal husbandry has actually been subject to the constraints of food production. The rapid development of animal husbandry has led to a substantial rise in feed grain, currently China's feed grain accounts for about 1/3 of the grain, then there is a problem of people and animals compete for food, this shortage of feed grain has seriously constrained the sustainable development of animal husbandry.

2.4 High drug residues in livestock products

With the widespread use of antibiotics, chemical synthetic drugs and feed additives in animal husbandry, in the realization of the reduction of animal mortality rate, shorten the animal feeding cycle, and promote the growth of animal product output at the same time, with the operation and improper use and a small number of farmers in the interests of the illegal use of violations, resulting in livestock products of veterinary drugs and Some heavy metals, antibiotics and other human health hazards of veterinary drug residues increased, so that the safety of livestock products caused social concern.

2.5 Scientific and technological research and promotion of ineffective

China's traditional livestock breeding technology has been unable to keep up with the requirements of modern animal husbandry, although China's scientific and technological research in animal husbandry has always been very much attention, but for a long time our scientific and technological research results into the conversion rate is not high, and some local governments do not have enough consciousness of the transformation of scientific research results, many of the "high-yield, high-quality, high quality, high quality, high quality, high quality, high quality, high quality, high quality, high quality, high quality". The utilization of "high-yield, high-quality, high-efficiency" livestock breeding technology only stays on the verbal level, and is not effectively utilized with animal husbandry resources. In addition, our country engaged in livestock production personnel generally low quality, so that livestock breeding technology promotion difficulties, hindering the process of sustainable development of animal husbandry.

Three, the development trend of China's animal husbandry

3.1 Improve farmers' understanding of farming

Science and technology is the first productive force. Under the premise that a large number of retail farmers around the world account for a considerable proportion of the premise, it is very important to improve the level of farming technology of farmers. Must be down-to-earth to learn and use the knowledge of farming technology. The popularization of practical farming techniques should be worked on from two aspects, on the one hand, the government authorities should pay attention to the promotion and popularization of farming techniques, and systematically organize a variety of different levels of practical farming techniques transfer, and hold a variety of training and study classes. On the other hand, to change the concept of farmers, only to change the traditional farming concepts of farmers, learning professional farming knowledge and skills, in order to achieve the entire animal husbandry industry, scientific, large-scale, intensive industrial structure change.

3.2 Greatly promote large-scale farming

According to each in the development of animal husbandry, the construction of standardized farming district or farm, the government departments to develop supportive policies for the development of animal husbandry and implement them conscientiously, to promote the construction of standardized large-scale farms, to support the development of large-scale and ecological farming model. The establishment of standardized farming districts or large-scale farms, so as to realize the rational use of livestock and poultry manure harmless treatment and resourcefulness. Accelerate the regional layout of advantageous livestock products, focusing on the use of favorable livestock breeding resources around the world, the development of competitive livestock product brands. Achieve production scale, efficiency and market competitiveness.

3.3 Standardized production

Improve the quality level of livestock products, it is necessary to establish and improve the safety and quality standard system of agricultural and sideline products in China, and improve the construction of various types of standardized demonstration breeding areas and standardized breeding bases. From the source to realize the level of animal husbandry, so that the product with the international market, competitive. In the procurement of raw materials, production equipment, product processing, testing and other aspects of the start, to establish a set of scientific and strict food safety guarantee system. This is also an important foundation for the realization of sustainable, rapid and healthy development of animal husbandry. Practice has proved that whether agricultural products or livestock products, as long as there is quality, brand, will improve market competitiveness.

3.4 Strengthen the construction of good breed system

Develop and promote the livestock population genetics and livestock breed improvement program, make full use of the scientific research results of China's livestock and poultry breeding program, focusing on supporting the construction and renovation of large-scale, well-run breeding livestock and poultry farms, creating a number of leading enterprises to accelerate breeding and promotion of good breeds; accelerate the production performance measurement stations, seed stations and other infrastructure construction; standardize the Approval of breeding livestock and poultry farms. Establish and improve the management database of breeding livestock and poultry, and carry out the registration of good breeding stock; strengthen the protection and development and utilization of livestock and poultry genetic resources, release the provincial livestock and poultry resources protection list as soon as possible, and strictly approve the import and export of livestock and poultry genetic resources. At the same time to increase the protection of livestock and poultry breeds, increase the law enforcement efforts to combat.

3.5 Scientific management of large-scale aquaculture enterprises need scientific and standardized management, China's agricultural enterprises are generally weak management link disadvantages. Livestock breeding production requires scientific rigorous standardized methods and attitudes, modern farming enterprises should first establish the concept of scientific management, to establish a set of standardized and effective scientific management, standardized production and operation, and disease prevention and control management system is the key to promote the modern animal husbandry scale of healthy farming. Through the establishment of modern enterprise management mechanism to achieve modern livestock and poultry farming.