The origin of mice

What is the origin of the zodiac mouse? The spread of folk customs; It turned out that the cow led the animals of the zodiac to see the Buddhist group. The mouse rode on the back of the cow and jumped forward smartly when worshipping the Buddha group. The first one was named after the interview. The mouse stole the first of the 12 Zodiac animals by means of oxtail. There is a story in Jinjiang, Fujian. Because the mouse helped Tang Priest find the Jiazi Sutra in the library of Tathagata and managed to steal it, Tang Priest awarded the mouse the first prize of the 12 Zodiac in order to express his gratitude. Rat, alias rat, Zishen, Shejun, Night Mill, Deer, Washer, Taifu Li. Zodiac rats refer to rats and mice. In zoological classification, mice belong to mammalian rodents. Rats breed quickly, have strong vitality, and have a wide variety. There are about 1800 species in the world, reaching billions. They can be transported far away by car and ship. Except Antarctica, there are more than 70 species of/kloc-0 in China. Rats are one of the few animal groups that keep close relationship with human beings and are very prolific, and have not changed much since ancient times. The biggest feature of mice is that they have no canine teeth, their front teeth are quite developed, and they have no roots. They have been growing all their lives. They must constantly chew and shorten their front teeth, otherwise they will open their mouths and starve to death without biting food. Rats are naturally very cunning, quick-sighted, can climb mountains and wade, can make holes in trees, and have diverse diets. Rats can eat whatever people like, sour, sweet, bitter and spicy. And he has a strong memory and hates food. If you find a slight change in the familiar environment, you will be alert immediately. If you are attacked, you will avoid this place for a long time. Rats are natural enemies of human beings, and grinding their teeth to dig holes is extremely harmful; Stealing seeds, grain and grain; A mouse eats 12 kg of grain a year, wasting 40 kg of grain. Rats gnaw at saplings, clothes, houses and furniture, dig holes in fields and dams, endanger agriculture, forestry and water conservancy facilities, pollute the environment, and spread about 70 diseases such as typhus, rat bite fever, dysentery and plague, among which plague is the most terrible. According to documents, the number of people who died of plague in history has exceeded the sum of all the deaths in wars, so people call the plague "the black demon". In the traditional culture of China, people's understanding of mice has always been contradictory. Although mice are natural enemies of human beings, people can say that they have love and hate, and love and hate. The story of rats biting the sky is a powerful proof of respect and worship for rats. According to legend, when the universe was in chaos, there was darkness everywhere. It was a mouse that bit a hole, which made the atmosphere unobstructed, and heaven and earth began to separate, and everything changed. Many ethnic minorities in southern China have similar legends. As a benefactor of human beings, mice can be said to have the power of re-creation, and naturally they should be at the top of the zodiac, so naturally they should eat the whole grains produced by human beings. Marrying a woman by a mouse, also known as marrying a woman by a mouse, is one of the topics that have great influence on traditional customs and culture. The version of the plot varies from place to place. It contains rich cultural connotations. It is generally believed that its purpose and taboo are essentially a rat worship activity. All kinds of rat marriage stories, ballads, New Year pictures, paper-cuts, folk handicrafts, etc. They all come from the myth that mice bite the sky and have feelings, and the worship of mice as totems by Yan surname in ancient times, which are the best explanations for the worship of mice; In addition, some people think that this is also a fear of rats, fear of rats, and want to eradicate rats. Providing food, turning off lights and banning light in rat worship activities are all flattering behaviors to cater to rats' habits to cover up the purpose of staying away from rats. The reason why people respect and fear mice also reveals their helplessness in the face of this extremely vital animal. In ancient times, it was very difficult for people to rely on the sky to eat, and food was the key factor that triggered the opposition between people and mice. Some Yi people in Guangxi regard the first day of the twelfth lunar month as "rat festival", while Maonan people in Guizhou regard it as "rat sending festival", as well as "drilling holes" in southern Zhejiang, "steaming blind rats" in Qinghai, "scattering ashes" and "discarding photos" in other areas, all of which are powerful proofs that people hate rats. Everyone hates the little mouse that came all the way from ancient times, but once it leaves the real world, it is like a thoroughly remoulded spirit, witty, childish, gentle and lovely, considerate, upright and kind, humorous and optimistic. From the United States to the world, Mickey Mouse, who is popular all over the world, is in Walter? Disney cartoon kingdom is the most popular and favorite cartoon image. I spent many happy times with countless children. Mickey Mouse has been 80 years old since he was born on 1928, but his charm remains undiminished. Mickey Mouse's cartoons are published in more than 30 languages all over the world, which is the most famous and won the most. > & gt

Legend has it that one day, the Jade Emperor will arrange the Zodiac, and he designated cows, tigers, rabbits, dragons, snakes, horses, sheep, monkeys, chickens, dogs, pigs and cats. The next day, the Jade Emperor ranked them. At that time, cats and mice were good friends. The cat said to the mouse, "You should wake me up early tomorrow. I am one of the 12 Zodiacs, and I will be ranked second in heaven tomorrow. " The mouse readily agreed. The next day, the mouse woke up early. He didn't wake the cat, but went to heaven by himself. At that time, it happened to be the second time. The Jade Emperor arranged the twelve zodiac animals in the order of ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, sheep, monkey, chicken, dog, pig and cat. The jade emperor asked the animals if they had any opinions. The mouse objected: "I don't think cats should be chosen. He has no respect for you at all. " You see, he is still sleeping, and he doesn't care about your arrangement of the zodiac at all. "The jade emperor saw the cat really asleep! He broke out in a rage. In a rage, he decided never to allow cats to go to heaven again. At the same time, he replaced the cat with a mouse. The mouse spoke again: "I must be the first!" """why? Is your contribution greater than that of an ox? ""People think I'm much bigger than an ox. " The Jade Emperor had no choice but to let people judge him. People from the world to the clouds say, "Oh! What a big cow! " Then, they saw the mouse standing on the cow's head and said, "What a big mouse! It is even bigger than a cow! " The jade emperor had to put the mouse first. There are three main reasons why rats rank first in the zodiac: First, the arrangement of the zodiac in folklore stories. Han folktale says: In those days, Huangdi in Xuanyuan wanted to choose twelve kinds of animals as court guards, and the cat asked the mouse to sign up, but the mouse forgot. As a result, the cat didn't choose it, and since then, it has made enemies with the mouse. The elephant also came to the competition, and the mouse got into its nose and drove it away. The rest of the animals, originally headed by cows, were rushed to the backs of cows, and pigs also booed, so rats ranked first and pork chops ranked last. The tiger and the dragon refused to accept it, and were named king of the mountain and king of the sea, ranking behind the mouse and the cow. The rabbit refused to accept it again, raced with the dragon and finally reached the dragon. The dog was unfair and bit the rabbit in a rage, so he was punished from the bottom. Snakes, horses, sheep, monkeys and chickens have also gone through some contests and arranged their positions one by one. Finally, the order of rats, cows, tigers, rabbits, dragons, snakes, horses, sheep, monkeys, chickens, dogs and pigs was formed. Although the legendary story is not a scientific explanation of the problem, it embodies people's explanation of the choice of the zodiac. Secondly, Chinese ancient scholars explained the relationship between earthly branches and Xiao beasts from the perspective of twelve o'clock in ancient times. There is chaos in the darkness. Rats come out in the middle of the night and bite the chaotic state between heaven and earth out of the gap. "Rats bite the sky", so they belong to rats. Thirdly, according to China people's belief in Yin and Yang, twelve kinds of animals are divided into Yin and Yang, and the Yin and Yang of animals are arranged according to the odd-even difference of toes. Animals generally have the same number of toes in front, back, left and right, and only mice have the first four feet and the last five feet, which are even and odd, so scarcity is the most expensive thing, so it is of course ranked in the first year of injecting mice, which is also called "the year without spring". The so-called "spring-free" year means that there is no beginning of spring in the Lunar New Year. For example, from February 7, 2008 to 65438+20091October 25, it is the Year of the Mouse. Beginning of spring in 2008 was on February 4th, which is still the Year of the Pig in the lunar calendar, and beginning of spring in 2009 was also on February 4th, but it is already the Year of the Ox in the lunar calendar. Therefore, there is no solar term "beginning of spring" in the Lunar Year of Rat.

The origin and evolution of mice The oriental mouse, 50 million years ago, is the oldest known mouse in the world and deserves to be the ancestor of mice. The fossil of Oriental Mouse was found in Qianshan County, Anqing City, so the mouse originated in China, in Qianshan County, Anhui Province.

The word "mouse" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions is like a little mouse biting with its mouth open; In the process of evolution and development from Shang Dynasty to Qin Dynasty 1000 years, the pictographic mouse character has undergone great changes and has become linear in Xiao Zhuan in Qin Dynasty. The mouse character in official script evolved from the basic seal script. The mouse's head became square, and the mouse's feet and tail were still pictographic, but the image of the mouse was not obvious. The mouse character in regular script absorbs the characteristics of the mouse character in official script, which is the word "mouse" used today, and cursive script is more common in artistic calligraphy and painting works.

The origin of the Zodiac Mouse After the mouse, cattle, horses and sheep were selected as the Zodiac, the mouse said, I should be in the first place. Cattle, horses and sheep said unconvinced, why do you rank first? The mouse said: I am old, so I want to be the first. Niu Ma and others couldn't help laughing: Are you as old as us? The mouse said, we don't count when we argue. Let others speak. Cattle, horses, sheep, etc. Everyone agrees to let people comment. So they discussed ways: led by cows, horses, sheep and mice, they walked through the streets one by one to see what people said. In the street, a cow came and people said that this cow is very strong. The horse is coming, people say, this horse is really tall. Here comes the sheep. People say that this sheep is very fat. Finally, the mouse swaggered over. People saw a big mouse suddenly appearing in the street, and everyone chased it and shouted, What a big mouse! What a big mouse! "In this way, cows, horses and sheep have nothing to say. Let the mice come first.

Where do the mice in the zodiac come from? Among many folk stories and legends about the zodiac, the legend that the mouse is the first one is very lively and interesting. Or related to mice and cats; Or "the mouse borrows the power of the cow", and the mouse skillfully borrows the power of the cow to win the first prize in a certain competition; Or use mice to get into the trunk and drive away elephants to make meritorious deeds, ranking first among the 12 zodiac animals. In these legends, mice all achieve their goals by disgraceful means. However, there are also some legends that Rat Hai won the first place in the Zodiac with his own strength. For example, in the legends of Naxi, Kirgiz and Tibetan, the rat won a veritable champion in a swimming competition, ranking first among the 12 zodiac animals; In a story in Jinjiang, Fujian, Tang Yan, a mouse-assisted monk, found the Jiazijing in the library of Tathagata and stole it. It was Tang Yan who rewarded the mouse with the first zodiac sign. All these legends, though fictional, also show the infinite wisdom of the people.

The origin of mice must be 50 words. There are many kinds of mice, there are more than 450 kinds, the number is very large, there are billions. And they breed quickly and have strong vitality. They can eat almost anything and live anywhere. Rats can dig holes, climb trees, climb mountains and wade, which is extremely harmful to human beings. Besides killing rats by animals, people also use instruments, drugs and other methods to kill rats.

The harm of rats

Stealing seeds, destroying saplings and endangering forestry.

Digging fields and stealing food endanger agriculture.

Biting clothes and food spreads diseases.

Digging a hole in the dam caused a flood.

Little knowledge:

The mouse has a pair of growing front teeth, so the little mouse always gnaws his teeth at the wardrobe and wooden box.

The mouse's long tail is well balanced, and it won't hurt even if it falls from the fifth floor.

Papermaker: Rats.

① Make a cone out of cardboard and use it as the body of a mouse.

② Make two ears, a beard and a tail according to the pattern.

(3) Put the ears and beard on the head, put the eyes on, and fold the tail on the inside of the back, and the mouse will be ready.

Tongue twister: mouse

Rats, rats learn to play gongs,

I covered my ears before the gong rang.

I can't hear the gong, complaining that it is broken.

The mouse was very angry. It threw a gong.

As the gong sounded,

Scared the mouse into its nest.

Baidu's .

What is the origin and evolution of mice? British archaeologists have discovered a new mammal species-a "prehistoric" mouse that still lives on the Mediterranean island of Cyprus. This discovery overturns the previous statement that all mammalian species in Europe have been discovered.

According to the website of New Scientist magazine on June 5438+02, compared with other known mouse species, this mouse has bigger head and ears, more prominent eyes and more "prehistoric" teeth. It is a new mammal species discovered in Europe for the first time in a century, and it is also the only native rodent still alive in Europe, so it can be regarded as a "living fossil".

This gray mouse was created by Thomas, an archaeologist at Durham University in England. Kuki found the stone age mouse fossil on the island when comparing it with the modern mouse species on the island. It was named "Cyprus Mouse".

It is reported that there is a mouse species on the island that is very similar to ancient mouse fossils, which made Kucher interested in it and made a genetic test for it. As a result, he found the "Cyprus Mouse".

Genetic testing shows that "Cyprus rat" belongs to the same species as the stone age fossil rat. Archaeologists believe that this mouse probably arrived on the island before it was separated from the European continent about 1 10,000 years ago, and it arrived on the island much earlier than humans.

According to the evolution speed, evolution direction and reproduction speed of mice, it may not take many years for human beings to "retreat to the second line", and these elves will be the hegemons who will rule the world in the future!

Can understand human language.

This happened somewhere.

The true story of an urban residential area. Due to the serious rodent problem, residents were disturbed, and residents in the community had to raise funds to invite a famous folk rodent control expert. After investigation, the expert found that there were many mouse holes in the grass near the fence, so he asked everyone to leave. He is going to start dispensing medicine. But a few people don't want to leave, watching curiously, and they keep chattering. After putting down the medicine, several hours passed without finding a dead mouse. People are beginning to suspect that this so-called rat catcher should not be a charlatan, right? !

But the expert explained: "The reason why mice don't eat rat poison is mainly because a few people were talking there just now and the mice heard it. They know that putting these baits requires drugs to kill them, so they won't be fooled. Now I'm going to put another rat poison. Look if you want, but you must not talk. " Sure enough, when the residents stopped talking, the rat poison that the rat catcher repositioned worked. Soon, there were many dead mice lying on the ground. Only then did everyone believe that mice could really understand people.

Rats can understand people. Is it too mysterious? In fact, many animals are very much like people, such as dogs, cats, cows, horses and so on. These animals, which are close to human life for generations, can often understand some simple daily languages of human beings. The IQ of mice is much higher than that of these animals, and they often appear in people's families. What's strange that they can understand human language?

Some scientists further pointed out that mice can understand not only human language, but also the languages of some animals closely related to them. For example, in order to deal with animals such as cats and dogs that pose a great threat to them, they also deciphered the languages of these enemies.

Be good at summing up experience and lessons

Rats not only don't eat toxic food when they understand people's words, but also "actively" summarize a set of special methods to deal with toxic food. First, they "developed their own sensory system, enabling them to perceive the characteristics of certain foods. For example, when encountering bitter food, they generally don't move because they seem to know that many toxic substances in nature are generally bitter. Now people have begun to realize that mice are "powerful" in this respect, so more and more attention should be paid to removing the bitterness to make them look like My Sweetie.

Rats often have great interest and doubts about the new food types they first know. At this time, it will wander around the food, then sniff around with its nose, take a careful bite, and then walk away. After a while, if you don't feel uncomfortable and prove that the food is non-toxic, it will turn around and chew with confidence. This property enables them to constantly expand new food sources with less risk. It can also be seen that rats are alert, cautious, clever and cunning.

Rats also have a special ability, that is, they can communicate ...

The story of the mouse comes from the explanation of "mouse" in general reference books, ending with "mouse is mouse" or "mouse is called" mouse "in some areas", but no reason is given. In fact, there is a "historical reason" for calling a mouse a mouse. During the Five Dynasties (907-960 AD), feudal warlords became independent and fought frequently. For the sake of their own luxury, the rulers have intensified their efforts to search for the people's fat and paste, and made many strange names for exorbitant taxes and miscellaneous fees. According to the history of the old Five Dynasties? According to food records, in addition to the positive items, there are many additional taxes, such as salt tax for farmers to eat salt, wine tax for brewing, and silkworm tax for sericulture. Not only that, but there is also an additional tax called "sparrow and mouse consumption". According to official regulations, for every stone of grain, two buckets will be lost. Even the silk, cotton, silk, thread, hemp and leather that finches don't eat at all should be added with "finches' food", which costs half a cent for every twelve taels of silver. By the time of Yin Di in the later Han Dynasty, the consumption of birds and mice had increased from two to four, and the people were even more miserable, but they were afraid to publicly complain about the emperor, so they took it out on the mice and cursed them as "mice". This statement has been circulated to this day. According to Liang Shu? According to Zhang Luchuan, Zhang Luchuan, a writer in the Southern Dynasties, was generous. Once, he asked a boy to deliver 3000 meters of rice to his family, and when he got home, he didn't even get half of it! Zhang asked why there were so few servants, and the servant replied, "Sparrows and mice eat too much." Zhang laughed: "What a sparrow and mouse! "These sparrows and mice are so powerful that they can consume more than 1000 stone meters! However, after Zhang Xiaoxiao, he did not pursue the children's corruption. Later, people called the money and food added to the ordinary tax "the consumption of birds and mice." The "consumption" in the title of "Mouse" comes from this. People hate exorbitant taxes, so they call rats "rats". I hope they will show mercy, don't "consume" too much, and don't pass on all the "bird and mouse consumption" to the people. In Taoism, there is a kind of star that consumes a lot. Therefore, the ancient people offered sacrifices to Xing Jun on the 25th day of the first month every year, praying that he would not consume too much food stored in the granary. This festival is called "Filling the Granary". Daxingjun is the god of heaven. The Qing Dynasty's "Old Customs of Yanjing" contains: "According to legend, Cang is Han Xin, the founding father of the Western Han Dynasty, commonly known as Han Zhu ... There are four gods worthy of it: an old man and two strong men, who are said to be the gods in charge of ascension; Another evil-looking person is the star-consuming emperor among fleeting stars, so the person worthy of this emperor is said to be the mouse in charge of the warehouse. "Therefore, it is the duty of the great star-consuming king to be in charge of the mouse in the granary, so people will sacrifice it as the granary goddess.

The Origin of Computer Mouse1In the summer of 956, Dartmouth Artificial Intelligence Conference was held in Dartmouth, USA. The term "artificial intelligence" was put forward for the first time at the conference, which marked the official birth of artificial intelligence (AI) as a new discipline. Shannon (the father of information theory) attended the Dartmouth conference on artificial intelligence and became one of the founders of this new discipline. He not only took the lead in applying artificial intelligence to computer chess, but also invented an electronic mouse that can automatically cross the maze to prove that computers can improve their intelligence through learning. 1972, Mechanical Design magazine launched a competition. In the competition, the mechanical mouse driven only by the mousetrap spring constantly competes with other participating mice to decide which mechanical mouse can run the longest distance along the runway. The winner was "mousemobile", who ran 825.3 feet. 1977, IEEE Spectrum magazine put forward the concept of computer mouse. The computer mouse is a small robot vehicle controlled by a microprocessor, which has the function and ability of decoding and navigating in a complex maze. 1977 In May, Spectrum announced that 1979, the first shocking computer mouse maze competition in the United States was held in new york. Of the 6000 entries, only 15 computer mice won. Some computer mice were reported as "brain-damaged", while others were declared as "exploded". When everyone is concerned about this topic, it is obvious that the design and manufacture of intelligent computer mouse is much more difficult than expected. 1979, the institute of electronic and electrical engineers launched a competition through its magazine spectrum and computer. The competition awarded 1000 USD to the person who made a computer mouse that could walk out of the maze autonomously in a short time. Of the 6,000 entries, only 15 won the prize. This is the first real computer mouse maze competition, which marks the official birth of the computer mouse maze competition. 1980, a European version of the competition was held in Euromicro'80, London, but all 18 rats failed to complete the maze successfully. In the audience of the competition, there are five representatives from the New Science Foundation of Japan. They brought this competition rule back to Tokyo, and later held the first all-Japan computer mouse competition in1980165438+10. 1In August, 985, the first World Computer Mouse Competition was held in Tsukuba, Japan. Computer mice come from all over Europe and America. The sensors are infrared, ultrasonic and CCD, and the driving device is stepping motor and DC servo motor. All the first prizes were won by the Japanese computer mouse Noriko- 1 and became the world champion in one fell swoop. 1987, electrical engineering society (IEE) held a computer mouse championship in London, 13 computer mice competed for the championship. David Otten from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) won the first prize and the second prize with his two mice, Mitee Mouse I and Mitee MouseII. The competition adopts a new scoring system to reward computer mice who can solve mazes intelligently and efficiently and can run independently. A member of the Singapore Engineering Association (IES) stumbled upon a computer mouse at 1986. Because he is very interested in computer mouse and its complexity and prospect, he thinks it is very appropriate to hold an international computer mouse competition in Singapore (IES is the main sponsor). 1987 10 in June, the first Singapore computer mouse competition was held in Singapore. MIR3+ (from Nanyang Science and Technology Association), the champion of the competition, was the third runner-up of the IEE British International Computer Mouse Competition held in London in 1988. 1989 In July, a large Singapore team composed of the winners of the 2nd Singapore Computer Mouse Competition took part in the 1989 IEEEUK International Computer Mouse Competition held in London. Singaporeans won six of the top eight awards. Mickey Mouse III of David Otten won the second place, and a British company won the fifth place. At 1989, 10, 2 1, IES invited the best computer mice from Australia, Japan, Taiwan Province, Britain and the United States to participate ...