What do you think are the excellent educational ideas of our nation?

China is a country of etiquette, with a profound cultural heritage of 5,000 years. Education plays an extremely important role in improving the national quality and forming the Chinese national spirit. Education has a high social status. Our excellent traditional educational values always put how to be a man first. Look at the unforgettable words left by predecessors in this regard:

"The business of a gentleman is based on this." (Confucius: The Analects? Learn and ")

"Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later." (Fan Zhongyan

"Since ancient times, no one has died in life, leaving Dan's heart to shine." (Wen Tianxiang

"A thousand fingers, I bow my head and be a willing ox." (Lu Xun

"The sky is full of snow and sadness. Why should the revolution be afraid of beheading?

Keep your son's arrogance and avenge the king of Chu three years later! "(Yang Chao

"Thousands of religions teach people to seek truth; Learn thousands of things and learn to be a man. " (Tao Xingzhi

Our educational policy should enable the educated to develop morally, intellectually and physically and become educated workers with socialist consciousness. (Mao Zedong

"I live for only one purpose, that is, to be a useful person to the people." (Lei Feng

The excellent educational values of the Chinese nation always educate people to be a noble person, a pure person, a moral person, a person who is free from vulgar tastes and a person who is beneficial to the people.

two

Schools are places to inherit human civilization and cultivate talents. The core of campus culture is values. What are educational values? In short, why does the headmaster want to run a school? Why does the teacher teach? Why do students study? These are all very clear questions, but now, they are blurred.

Since the reform and opening up, the social value of education and the central decision-making are clear. We have established the basic national policy of "rejuvenating the country through science and education". "A century-long plan, education-oriented". Basic education is the basic project of rejuvenating the country through science and education, which plays an overall, basic and leading role in improving the quality of the Chinese nation, cultivating talents at all levels and promoting socialist modernization. We have established the policy of "deepening education reform and promoting quality education in an all-round way", with the fundamental purpose of improving the national quality, focusing on cultivating students' innovative spirit and practical ability, and the task of "cultivating hundreds of millions of high-quality workers, tens of millions of specialized talents and a large number of top-notch innovative talents".

However, since 1980s, China's basic education has entered the open track of "exam-oriented education" at the expense of young students' physical and mental health, and blatantly pursued the enrollment rate unilaterally. Cultural test scores and enrollment rate have become the first or even the only criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of school education. Those schools with first-class exam results, regardless of whether their school-running behavior conforms to national policies and regulations, regardless of whether the students' comprehensive quality is high, are considered as good schools just because of their good exam results and high enrollment rate. This is not a local phenomenon, but has become the mainstream educational values in China.

three

Under such a social background, why should the headmaster run a school?

Nowadays, many principals, although aware of the national education policies and regulations, are first subject to the enrollment rate when they conflict with the enrollment rate. Some principals believe that letting students enter universities is the only way to implement Theory of Three Represents and be responsible for students. Some principals also said that if the enrollment rate does not go up, the number of students in the school will become a problem and the school will be difficult to survive. Therefore, the pursuit of enrollment rate must be the first goal, and all the work of the school must first obey the examination and enrollment rate.

The state has policies and regulations on school education, but they have no effect in practice. Here are a few examples:

● According to the national curriculum plan, students' weekly class hours are:1-26 classes in grade 2, 30 classes in grade 3-6 and 34 classes in middle school (the above should include class meetings, team activities and other collective activities). Now many schools spend more than 50 hours a week. The class hours of the exam-oriented subjects have doubled. In some schools, the weekly class hours of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages in senior high schools are above 10, but students don't have enough time for sports and free activities. Some schools also have classes at noon, and even stipulate that students are not allowed to go to the toilet at a certain time in the evening.

● Students are required to study every day (including self-study): no more than 6 hours for primary school students and no more than 8 hours for middle school students. Take middle school students as an example. Students usually get up at 5 am and go to school at 7 am. They have five classes in the morning, homework at noon and four classes in the afternoon. They have to work for 3-4 hours at night, 1 1 before going to bed, and the study time in a day should be more than 15 hours. Some primary schools require senior students to attend classes at 7 am. This kind of study intensity is unbearable even for adults.

● Daily homework requirements: no written homework in primary school 1 grade, no more than 30 minutes in grade 2-3, no more than 45 minutes in grade 4 and no more than 1 hour in grade 5-6; Junior high school does not exceed 1.5 hours; Within two hours of high school. Now students' homework, especially in middle schools, has reached an incalculable level.

● The stipulated daily sleep time: primary school 10 hour, junior high school 9 hours and senior high school 8 hours. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Education in 2002, 67.7% of middle school students sleep less than 7 hours a day, and 22.2% sleep less than 6 hours. 4 1.6% students have less than 0.5 hour per day, and 19.4% students don't. In 2006, jiangsu provincial party committee, the Communist Youth League, investigated that the proportion of high school students who slept less than 8 hours a day was as high as 97.4%, and only 6-7 hours accounted for 49.2%. 80.3% of senior high school students are in sub-health state.

● The regulations require students to spend 1 hour on physical activities every day. According to the investigation report of jiangsu provincial party committee, the Communist Youth League, except for twice-weekly physical education classes, the number of high school students who never exercise accounts for 25. 1%, 43% who exercise less than or equal to 2 hours a week, 22.2% who exercise for 2-4 hours, and only 8.8% who exercise for more than 4 hours.

● The regulations require strict control of the number of exams: there are only two mid-term and final exams or one final exam per semester for Chinese and mathematics in primary schools. Middle schools only have mid-term and final exams or exams every semester, and there should not be too many subjects in each exam. In addition to the primary school graduation examination, the higher education administrative department shall not organize a unified examination. In the compulsory education stage, students are not allowed to enter the school nearby, and they cannot be selected through various forms of examinations, assessments and tests, and they cannot use various competition results as the basis for enrollment. In addition to the enrollment and graduation examination, without the approval of the education department (bureau) of the province, city and autonomous region, the middle school shall not conduct a unified examination in any name. Now the exam is a disaster. Schools generally have a preliminary exam (to check the study during the holidays), a weekly exam, a monthly exam, a unified exam in urban areas, and a mock exam for entering a higher school. When the graduating class arrives, they have exams almost every day, sometimes four or five times a day.

● The central government stipulates that from the whole country to the local governments, we must not queue up for the entrance examination, give the local governments and schools entrance examination indicators, and unilaterally reward schools and teachers only according to the enrollment rate. However, some education administrative departments still issue entrance examination indicators to schools. The administrative department of education in urban areas generally unifies the examination rankings every semester, and rewards and punishments schools and teachers according to the enrollment rate. Some county committees (such as Yuci County Committee of Shanxi Province) dismissed the education director and principal because of the low enrollment rate.

● stipulate that students in winter and summer vacations rest, and in principle do not make up classes; Students who need to make-up exams can give necessary counseling, but the time should not exceed one-third of the holiday days. On average, two to three class hours a day are appropriate for primary schools and no more than three hours a day for middle schools. But now many students don't have weekends, holidays, winter and summer vacations. It's normal to have classes on Saturday. Some schools generally only have one day off a month, but there is no holiday on May Day and only one day off during the Spring Festival. It is normal to attend classes in winter and summer vacations. School classes, all kinds of cram schools in society and family education are all on students.

● It is stipulated that schools should not hold full-time cram schools for further study, and should not admit previous graduates into graduation classes, or let them apply for schools in the name of fresh graduates. At present, many areas recruit a large number of repeat students in order to improve the enrollment rate and high scores in the college entrance examination. According to the former headmaster of Taixing Middle School in Jiangsu Province, a large number of repeat students, including some key middle schools, have signed up for classes, and some have also run special cram schools for college entrance examination.

● The Compulsory Education Law stipulates that people's governments at or above the county level and their education administrative departments shall not change the nature of public schools in any name or in disguised form. Now some local governments sell county middle schools and primary schools to private enterprises and turn them into private schools. This practice has also been supported by relevant provinces and cities.

What is more noteworthy is that some people openly publicize the view that school education should "put the interests of students and parents first" and "don't argue about quality education or exam-oriented education, and help students solve employment problems to change their destiny". It is believed that teachers can only be "worthy of students and conscience" if they have such "autumn". Is this a socialist educational value? Can such education be said to conform to the national education policy?

Teachers who work under the requirements of such educational values are no longer "engineers of the human soul", but only machines that make examination machines. Such education will inevitably lead to "students dying and teachers exhausted", and teachers' work, like migrant workers, has become one of the occupations that are not protected by labor law.

four

The essence of educational values is to educate young people what kind of life values they should establish, why people should live and why they should struggle. This is the most basic problem in life, which will affect a person's life.

However, under the influence of such an educational value, what kind of students can we cultivate with the values of life? Let's take a look first. What are students studying for today?

Not long ago, I read "Left Hand Reflection, Right Hand Time" written by Jing M.Guo, a middle school student. He wrote in the book:

"The whole meaning of our existence lies in the college entrance examination, and the whole meaning of the college entrance examination lies in living better in the future, and living better means dying comfortably in the future.

"But if I die now, I can still die comfortably. The only thing I need to do is jump from this window. My family lives on the twentieth floor, 60 meters above the ground. Through the formula of free fall, I can calculate that I can enjoy flying for three to four seconds before I die. ...

"What's the point of studying so hard now? I'm confused. Nobody showed me the way.

This is the value of life pursued by most middle school students in China. Examination has become the only motivation for most middle school students to study. Such education will cultivate successors who are truly idealistic, moral, educated and disciplined in the socialist cause? Don't we think it's terrible?

In fact, the bad consequences have already happened.

First of all, they don't even love their parents who gave them life. How can such a person love others, the people and the motherland?

Yangzi Evening News once reported that a boy of 13 years old asked his mother for money to go to an Internet cafe, and his mother scolded him for fear of affecting his study. I don't know, the child went to the kitchen to get the knife immediately, and even cut his mother more than 20 times. He also dug out 1000 yuan from his mother who fell in a pool of blood, went to Anshan to play with his classmates, and cut the telephone line at home when he left.

200 1, 1 1, a boy of 16 years old stole 1 10,000 yuan from home and ran away. A month later, he was found to go home, and his parents gave him a good lesson. He held a grudge, killed his mother five months later and tried to kill his father, but failed because he was taken to prison. The father who survived by luck couldn't figure it out. They have never wronged him. Every day, his mother cooks for him in different ways. Eat two eggs at both ends every morning for three days. It is also good for him to teach him a lesson when he makes a mistake. How can this child hate his parents who love him so much? But for such a person that even his parents can kill him, his class teacher thinks that "he is the most talented and best-studied student he has ever taught, but unfortunately he will not be admitted to a key university in the future." The child's school has mentioned this matter from the principal of teaching 17, and said with tears, "This is a mistake in our education."

● How can people who don't even know how to cherish their own lives serve the society?

June, 5438+October, 2005 10, a senior three boy named Ethan from Qidong Middle School, Jiangsu Province, quietly climbed to the top of the experimental building after studying at night, jumped under the starry sky and ended his young life. How can a good boy in the eyes of his parents, a good boy in the eyes of his neighbors and a good student in the eyes of his teacher work so hard? Why are you so rude? No farewell to parents, no message? There is a simple reason. Just because I didn't do well in the monthly exam, I fell behind several places in my class. He was scared and secretly changed his report card, which was found by the teacher and criticized. He was even more afraid to go home, and the tragedy happened.

On February 20, 2006, another teenage girl, a junior high school student aged 14, jumped from the 24th floor and died. ...

On May 6, 2006, a doctoral student in the journalism department of Renmin University of China jumped to his death. This is a poor child from rural Shanxi. She studies very hard and gets excellent grades. She will take part in the thesis defense in four days and get the doctoral certificate. Because she is 40 years old, it is difficult to find a job. After several setbacks, she chose to die, leaving a son of 13 years old and a husband who is also studying for a doctorate.

In recent years, there have been many reports about college students' suicide. In March, 2006, Beijing Youth Daily published such a news: a male doctoral student of Grade 03 of Peking University Institute of Physics jumped from Building 2 of Science and died. In this No.2 building, there have been two student suicides in 2005.

Now many parents and young people want to go to Tsinghua of Peking University, thinking that as long as Tsinghua goes to Peking University, he can go to heaven. Many school teachers say the same thing. Is that really the case?

A student who graduated from Peking University said, "I graduated from Peking University on 1997. I tell you, our department graduated that year 1 10 people, including myself, 99% are rubbish. Many Peking University alumni I know are now miserable ... These people have not only lost their humanistic spirit, but also their vitality. " He himself thinks that many words are extreme, but there is some truth. He is the top student in Tangshan College Entrance Examination. Isn't there a Peking University student who sells meat to Sugar-Coated Berry after graduation? He said, "China people studied so hard and died, but they couldn't find a job after graduation. If it's not a waste, what is it? If you have been studying for more than ten years just to sell meat, why bother? "

Not long ago, a Ph.D. student in the Computer Department of Tsinghua University dropped out of school and wrote an article "Wan Yan Shu", saying that China education has repeatedly stifled students' creativity, and China education has become the chief culprit in burying talents. It is said that he dropped out of school for two reasons: one was that he didn't agree with Tsinghua's doctoral training model, and the other was that he didn't want to be a tool for tutors to make money. A reporter interviewed another "top student" of Tsinghua Automation Department. He said: "When students in Tsinghua are mentioned in society, they think that they should find good jobs, get high salaries and have good prospects. Actually they are not. "

You see, it is these "top students" that we have trained who stand up and question the education in China.

Liu Haiyang, who caused a sensation in the whole country in 2002 and killed the zoo black bear with sulfuric acid, was a high flyers who was admitted as a graduate student in Tsinghua University.

It seems that Tsinghua and Peking University also have the problem of optimizing their education systems, otherwise they will lose their luster in the competition.

Things like this have frequently appeared in newspapers in recent years. People seem numb and no longer surprised. But many of them are minors, and we can blame them, but why don't we mature adults reflect on our education? Because the root cause is not on them.

On June 65438+1October1day, 2006, a junior high school student in dongzhi county, Anhui Province, who was only 14 years old, did not want to take the final exam because of frequent school exams, and even set fire to the student dormitory of the school.

A female middle school student named Ran Ran, age 15, said, "In the eyes of my parents and teachers, I am a good boy and an excellent student. I study well and obey. But no one knows that what I hate most now is going to school. I often want to throw the book into the pressure cooker, cook it with low fire for a day, take it out and smash it with a hammer, then immerse it in concentrated sulfuric acid to completely disfigure it, and then put it in the furnace to burn it to ashes. Only in this way can I solve my hatred. " "Reading deprived me of everything, my freedom and my hobbies. There are only four words in my ear:' reading and learning'. "

A 6-year-old child actually told adults that his greatest wish was to "retire as early as grandma." Because now he is very tired: he has to read books, recite poems, learn English, learn to calculate quickly, write Chinese calligraphy and practice violin every day. ...

Gulou District of Nanjing once conducted a survey entitled "I'm afraid …" on 329 primary school students in grades 4-6. The results are: exams, parents, bad guys and mice. According to statistics, 85% of students are tired of learning, accounting for the vast majority.

School is no longer a happy paradise that teenagers yearn for, but a sea of misery that deprives them of a happy childhood!

At present, the moral education function of school education has been greatly weakened, so that students' enthusiasm for learning can only be stimulated by the slogan of "changing their destiny by knowledge". In fact, it is "changing their personal destiny by entering a university", which is the same as the previous slogan of "Don't forget that your hukou is still in the countryside". Can students trained with such values become the mainstay of the Chinese nation in the future?

In the past 20 years, the tuition of higher education in China has increased 25 times, and a college student spends an average of more than 2,000 yuan per month, which is unbearable for ordinary middle-income families. Rural children can't afford to go to school, so they can only rely on loans or social assistance. If they can't find a job after graduation, or their income is too low, how can they afford a school loan? For ordinary students, how to recover the cost of schooling? So not everyone is willing to do any work, which leads to the problem of difficult employment.

In addition, the competition for further studies in middle schools is more intense. It is more difficult to find a job without going to college, and a good university is a good job, so the values of middle school education have undergone a qualitative change. If you want to go to college, you must go to a good middle school. If you want to go to a good middle school, you have to pay a high tuition fee,100000, 200000 or even more. On the other hand, if the school charges me so much money, you should have a high enrollment rate. You should send my children to college. You should run a school according to my opinion and grasp the enrollment rate. In this way, the school and parents have formed a kind of business contract relationship. As for national policies and regulations, the purpose of education is not so much. In this situation, education is becoming more and more a citizen's own business, and the relationship with the state is weakening, and the influence of the state on education is getting smaller and smaller.

In fact, young students are the biggest victims of "exam-oriented education".

I have been educated all my life. Do I really doubt that our current education can still be called education?

five

Some people think that "modern society is essentially a secular society, a civil society and a public society ... and quality education that embodies humanistic spirit and ideals is difficult to be recognized by more and more utilitarian social values, and it is also difficult to be forcibly integrated into social psychology and social cognition." I don't agree with this view. In any historical period, the values of human society are diverse and there will be conflicts between them. The key depends on what the leading values are, and what values are used by the leading groups that master the state machine to educate the public and guide the society. In fact, in various historical periods, students, parents, schools and teachers are only in a passive position. In the early days of reform and opening up, our party warned people that both material and spiritual civilization construction should be grasped and hard. Have we really achieved it? In my opinion, quality education is not only a fundamental contradiction with the construction of modern society, on the contrary, it is an inevitable product of the development of modern society and a necessary condition for building a harmonious socialist society. Without human harmony, social harmony is impossible, and human harmony must rely on harmonious education-quality education.

The excellent educational values handed down by the Chinese nation for thousands of years have been lost in our hands. This is not the cause of the times, but the mistake of our work.

Isn't the current education evaluation system formulated by us? As long as the academic performance is good, the test scores are high and the enrollment rate is high, it is a good school. Isn't the "number one in the college entrance examination" copied by our media?

Aren't some abnormal tendencies among young people all the "credit" of our media? For example, many young people can't remember their parents' birthdays, but they hold high the photos of "Super Girl", scream hysterically, cry inexplicably and faint with excitement. The dirty mouse that everyone used to shout and beat has now become a symbol of love. The song "Mice Love Rice" is so popular that even kindergarten children can sing it. Is this normal? In Japan, young people are portrayed as Astro Boy, Yixiu and a volleyball girl, while we are "super girls", "mice" and "swallows". If this continues, the consequences for the Chinese nation are really unimaginable!

Why do our children lose thousands of years of excellent traditional standards of beauty and ugliness? Why is there confusion of moral values? Why is the national spirit advocated from generation to generation forgotten today? Shouldn't this start with the introspection of our leadership?

Now, the decadent voices of showing your chest and navel, twisting your ass and making love are all over our stage. False advertisements promoting money and beauty abound. How many elegant works of art can purify people's hearts for people to enjoy today? Mao Zedong's speech 1942 at the Yan' an Forum on Literature and Art in May really only became a "red memory"?

What is the real Long March spirit? What is emphasized now is the spirit of not being afraid of hardship and sacrifice, which leads people to take the Long March road repeatedly and experience the hardships of the Long March, while ignoring why our revolutionary ancestors are not afraid of hardship and sacrifice, that is, their life values of seeking liberation for the working people, and this is the essence of the Long March spirit.

People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded 58 years ago and has been reforming and opening for more than 20 years. However, officials are dishonest, businessmen are dishonest, there are orders that can't be done, there are prohibitions, there are laws that don't comply, and the gap between the rich and the poor is widening. The broad masses of workers and peasants are still at the bottom of society and are called "vulnerable groups". More than 90% of China billionaires are children of Gao Qian. How did this happen?

In order to create a new China, thousands of party member and revolutionaries died. If all they get is a secular and utilitarian so-called modern society, they will surely die unsatisfied.

Practice has proved that if we only pay attention to the growth of gross domestic product (GDP) and ignore the improvement of gross national happiness, people's lives will not be happy (GNH). This is also an important problem that China society must seriously solve in the transitional period.

If a country's education only pays attention to the development of quantity (which is necessary) without the guarantee of quality, it is impossible for this kind of education to really play an active role in revitalizing China and building a harmonious socialist society.

Confucius said, "A gentleman's business is based on his foundation." Its original intention should be to establish a foundation for being a man. This is basically to have a caring heart, to honor parents, to respect brothers, and to pay attention to etiquette. With the foundation and the correct method, it can be produced. If we put it into the current education, we should first establish the values of educating people, and then we will have the correct educational methods, otherwise, our education will go astray. Education in China, especially basic education, is in such a critical historical period.

At present, the problems existing in China's education have both complicated social reasons and profound educational reasons. To find the lost educational values, we must first rely on the CPC Central Committee to unify the thoughts of leaders at all levels with the central decision. For education, not only should we have correct principles and policies, perfect educational laws and regulations, but also practical measures and effective supervision mechanisms to ensure the implementation of policies and regulations, which is the most lacking at present.

Another new year has come. As principals, what are we thinking? What are you pursuing? Although our strength is limited, after all, we are an important force in education, which will affect the whole process of education. People are looking forward to the new changes in education in China in the new year. (Written in June 5438 +2007 10)