What are the four talented women?

Cai Wenji, Li Qingzhao, Zhuo Wenjun and Shangguan Waner (or Ban Zhao) are called the four talented women in ancient China. Cai Wenji is a famous man. His names are Wenxi and mingji. Her father is a famous scholar Cai Yong. Li Qingzhao, Hao Yi, Zhangqiu Mingshui, an outstanding female writer in Southern Song Dynasty. He is famous for his poems, poems and poems, and enjoys a high reputation in the history of China literature. Shangguan Waner was a poetess in Tang Dynasty. Tianshui people in Gansu province. Shangguan Yi's granddaughter. Zhuo Wenjun, a native of Lin Qiong in the Western Han Dynasty, was a talented woman in the Han Dynasty. She is beautiful and talented, good at playing drums and piano, and has a rich family. Ban Huiban, also known as Ji, is a native of Xianyang, Shaanxi Province. He has a family background and is especially good at literary talent. Her father Ban Biao was a great writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Ban Zhao himself was often called into the palace, where the Pope waited for dignitaries to read the scriptures, and the palace addressed him as a teacher.

Wenji Cai

Cai Wenji is a famous man. His names are Wenxi and mingji. Her father is a famous scholar Cai Yong.

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty and the beginning of Cao Wei, it was an era full of blood and tears, grief and pain. The poet patiently collected blood and tears, grief and pain, and brewed a sad song of the times. Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Wang Can are all outstanding male singers of this era. In this vibrant, sonorous and sad chorus of the times, a passionate soprano is particularly eye-catching. She is a woman writer who suffered from war and separation all her life-Cai Wenji.

When Cai Wenji and Dong Si got married, the couple's life was not very harmonious at first. Cai Wenji suffered from chaos and sadness, and he was often in a trance; While Dong Si was in his prime, he was born with good looks, read widely and thought highly of himself. She naturally felt a little uncomfortable with Cai Wenji, but at the behest of the Prime Minister, she was forced to accept her. In the second year after marriage, Dong Si committed a crime and died. Regardless of bad blood, she came to the Prime Minister's Office of Cao Cao to plead. Cao Cao remembered the friendship with Cai Yong in the past and the tragic life experience of Cai Wenji. If Dongsi was executed, Wenxi could hardly survive, so he forgave Dongsi.

From then on, Dong Si appreciated his wife's kindness and re-evaluated Cai Wenji. The husband and wife also saw through the world and lived in the foothills with beautiful scenery and lush trees. A few years later, Cao Cao passed by hunting and visited. Cai Wenji and Dong Si have a son and a daughter. The daughter married Sima Shi, the son of Sima Yi.

Wenxi was married three times in her life, and her fate was bumpy. Ding Kuang described her marriage in Aifu, Cai Bo as follows:

The daughters of a large number of people in Iraq are naturally blessed by God;

China twenty-eight years, Deng Lin fresh.

The six pillars of the Ming Dynasty are still true and serve the language of women's history;

After attending the Qing training in the imperial court, you can understand the cloud.

When there is a beautiful month in March, return to the sky;

Drag Rodin's petticoat and wear Cui Jin's gorgeous glitter.

Envy and glory with hair, sorrow and frost have been countless;

How can we grow old together and enjoy our old age?

Wenxi is well-read and gifted in music. When she was 6 years old, she listened to her father playing the piano in the hall. Through the wall, she recognized the voice of his father playing the first string. Father was surprised and deliberately broke the fourth string, which was actually pointed out by her. When she grew up, she became a piano superman. She misses her motherland in Alakazam day and night. After returning to the Han Dynasty, referring to the timbre of Hu people and combining his own tragic experience, he composed a sad and heartbreaking piano piece, Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia. After marrying Dong Si, she became sentimental and left, and wrote a poem of grief and indignation, which is called the first autobiographical five-character narrative poem written by a scholar in the history of China's poetry. "True feelings are poor in nature" and passion is sour, which is integrated into Jian 'an's poems.

Li Qingzhao

Li Qingzhao (1084- 1 155), an outstanding female writer in Southern Song Dynasty, was born in Mingshui, Zhangqiu (now Jinan). He is famous for his poems, poems and poems, and enjoys a high reputation in the history of China literature. Zhao Qing's words are wonderful, unique, unprecedented and unprecedented. He is honored as the natural and graceful founder and a monument in the history of spiritual civilization in China. Li Qingzhao is the most talented woman, born in the family of famous officials. When she was young, she never forgets anything, speaks amazingly and reads widely. Qilu's magnificent mountains and rivers contain the creative spirituality of Qingzhao, and she became famous in her girlhood.

After the marriage, Qingzhao and her husband Zhao Mingcheng hit it off as soon as they met. "A husband is like a good friend." . However, the good times did not last long, and the struggle between the old and new parties in North Korea intensified. A pair of mandarin ducks are separated alive, and Zhao Li faces each other across the river, suffering from lovesickness.

Later, Jin Jun went south, and the Southern Song Dynasty was corrupt and incompetent, destroying the Great Wall. Zhao Mingcheng was full of love, but unfortunately he died before he could conquer it. Seeing the destruction and death of the country, Zhao Qing "persevered in hardships". In her later years, when she was "searching, desolate and miserable", she worked hard to compile "The Story of the Stone" and completed her husband's unfinished business.

Shangguan Wan'er

Shangguan Waner (664 ~ 7 10) was a poetess in the Tang Dynasty. A native of Shaanxi County (now Henan Province). Shangguan Yi's granddaughter. As the first prime minister, she inherited all the talents of her grandfather, and was good at poetry and brilliant. After Shangguan Yi was found guilty, he did not enter the palace, nor did Shangguan Waner and his mother Zheng Shitong receive gifts. Mother Zheng is Taichang's sister. Under Zheng's training, Shangguan Waner was familiar with poetry books and was well versed in state affairs. In the second year of Yifeng (677), she was fortunate to be smart and able to write poems. When the marquis of Wu proclaimed himself emperor, he ordered many people to be called "butlers".

Shangguan Waner was born in Shaanxi County, Sanmenxia, Henan Province, and is the granddaughter of Tang Gaozong Prime Minister Shangguan Yi. In the first year of Linde, Shangguan Yi was killed by the marquis of Wu for drafting the imperial edict to abolish Wu Zetian for Emperor Gaozong, and his family was lost. Shangguan Waner, who is still in infancy, and her mother Zheng Shitong are not married. At the age of fourteen, she was enchanting and gorgeous, beautiful and light, smiling like a flower, and poised. In addition, she was born smart and beautiful, she read brilliantly and wrote thousands of words. In the second year of Yifeng, Shangguan Waner was summoned to the palace by Wu Zetian and put forward a proposition on the spot for him to write according to the topic. Shangguan Waner's calligraphy is exquisite and elegant, and her calligraphy is like a hairpin. Wu Zetian saw the great joy and immediately ordered him to be exempted from his handmaiden status and put him in charge of the imperial edict of the palace. Since then, the imperial edicts formulated by Wu Zetian have been written by Shangguan Waner. The queen repeatedly exclaimed: "This woman is absolutely extraordinary!" .

In the first year of Shenlong (705), after the restoration, it was still favored by Emperor Zhongzong and Empress Wei, specializing in drafting imperial edicts. He also had many contacts with Princess Taiping and had an affair with Wu Sansi. It was suggested that Zhongzong should expand the library and add a bachelor's degree to comment on world poetry on behalf of the court. He also manipulated politics with Wei Hou, Princess Anle and others, established private political parties and accepted bribes. Jinglong four years (7 10), Zhongzong collapsed, and Wei Hou wanted to serve Wuhou and proclaimed himself emperor. Li Longji, king of Linzi, staged a coup, killed Wei Hou and Princess Anle, and established his father Tang Ruizong. Shangguan Waner greeted the imperial secretary with a candle and showed Liu Youqiu the testamentary edict drafted by her and Princess Taiping. Liu Youqiu took the testamentary edict and begged Li Longji for mercy, but Li Longji insisted on killing Shangguan Waner, who was only 46 years old. In the early years of Kaiyuan, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty collected Shangguan Waner's works and compiled them into twenty volumes, with Zhang Shuo as the preface. The Complete Tang Poetry contains 32 poems left by him.

Wan'er drifted from place to place in the stormy weather and became the "uncrowned king" in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Wisdom, body, aura, talent ... With these magic weapons, Wan'er shuttled among the dignitaries in the DPRK and wrote a beautiful and sad chapter in his life.

Wan'er, a young girl, was even the seed of love. At that time, the prince was 24-year-old Li Xian. Besides the emperor Li Zhi, Shangguan Waner had seen the most people, probably Li Xian. So there is a legend: Wan'er is Li Xian's attendant, and he has a love affair with Li Xian, a "refined Rong Zhi". However, [1] and the legendary love, even if they exist, are quickly shattered.

On August 22nd, 27-year-old Li Xian was deposed as a prince. The imperial edict to kill him was drafted by seventeen-year-old Shangguan Waner for Wu Zetian. There is no love in the court. Facts have proved once again that Wan'er has strengthened his determination to keep up with Wu Zetian. And this determination will accompany her life.

Wu Zetian regards Shangguan Waner as a bosom friend, and even does not shy away from her when having sex with Zhang Changzong in bed. Shangguan Waner is not allowed to move, and Zhang Changzong's beauty makes her feel like a deer. One day, Wan'er and Zhang Changzong joked privately. Wu Zetian saw it, took out a golden knife, inserted it in Shangguan Waner's front bun, and injured her left forehead. She glared and said, "If you come near me, you should be put to death." Thanks to Zhang Changzong kneeling for her, she was pardoned. Wan'er had a scar on his forehead, so he stabbed a red plum blossom on the scar to cover it up, but it was more charming. Ladies-in-waiting all feel beautiful. Some people secretly follow suit and paint rouge on their foreheads. Gradually, this kind of red plum makeup is produced in the palace.

There is also a story about Wan'er's scar. Because Shangguan Waner hated Wu Zetian and Toy Boy's dalliance and closed the tunnel, Tang Ming, a symbol of imperial power, was destroyed. Wu Zhao was furious and wanted to kill him. Before the execution in the palace, she changed her mind and gave Wan'er a chance to live, but she carved the word "imperial edict" on her forehead. Since then, Wan'er has been dressed in plain clothes all day, without dressing up or looking in the mirror, in memory of Li Xian.

In the future, Shangguan Waner served meticulously and catered to Qu Yi, which won the favor of Wu Zetian. Since the first year of the holy calendar, he has been allowed to handle the list of thoughts and participate in government affairs, and his power is growing day by day.

In the first year of Shenlong, Zhongzong was restored. After Zhongzong ascended the throne, the regime was in the hands of Wei Ruyun. Zhongzong drifted all his life, lived a precarious life and developed a cowardly character. On the other hand, Wei Hou was bent on learning from Wu Zetian, and colluded with his daughter Princess Anle to control Chaogang. Later, Zhongzong was abolished and he was imprisoned in Zhoufang. Only Webster accompanied Emperor Zhongzong in a secluded place and suffered a lot. After the restoration, Zhongzong came to power, later called Lucky, and they formed a couple, named them, and named Wan'er's mother Zheng as his wife. Let Wan'er specially draft imperial edicts.

Shangguan Waner had an affair with Wu Sansi. Wu Sansi looks extraordinary and her pillow work is also very satisfactory. In order to keep Wu Jia's declining status and make friends with Wu Jia and Li Jia from generation to generation as Wu Zhao thought, after some deliberation, she recommended Wu Sansi to Wei Hou. Wei Hou likes to gamble backgammon in the palace on weekdays. She sat opposite Wu Sansi and gambled on backgammon. Wei Hou deliberately playing dumb, teasing Wu think twice. Zhongzong had a toothpick in his hand and counted the winning and losing chips for them.

Because of Wu Sansi's participation, Wei Hou's power was greatly increased, and Tang Zhongzong's authority was completely overhead. Wu Sansi relied on the support of Queen Wei and Princess Anle to design and demote five kings, including Zhang Jianzhi, Huan, Jinghui, Yuan and Cui Xuanyong. In order to protect her lover's position, Shangguan Waner often praised Wu Shi and suppressed the royal family in letters, which made Prince Li Zhongjun very angry. In July of the first year of Jinglong, Li Duozuo, the general of Li Zhongjun and Zuo Yulin, sent Zuo Yulin's army and one thousand cavalry to Wu Sansi and Wu Chongxun's mansion in the middle of the night. He also killed more than 10 pro-Party people and more than 300 soldiers, and went straight to the entrance of Zhangjia to search for Wei Ruyun, Princess Anle and Shangguan Waner. Shangguan Waner rushed to Tang Zhongzong and Wei Hou and threatened: "Seeing the prince means killing Shangguan Waner first, and then arresting the queen and your majesty in turn." At that time, Wei Hou and Zhongzong were furious. They took Shangguan Waner and Princess Anle to the Xuanwu Gate to avoid the soldiers' front, and ordered General You Yulin Liu to fly more than 2,000 people to the front of the Taiji Hall, and stayed at home. The prince was defeated and killed. Zhongzong issued a letter and presented the head of the prince to the ancestral temple. At this time, Wei Ruyun was very sad to see Wu Sansi's death. When she heard that the prince's head had arrived in Beijing, she made an imperial edict: "Give the prince's head first, then think twice and worship his father and son." Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle went to Lingzhang to drink in person.

Shangguan Waner encouraged Zhongzong to set up a literary repair hall, called on talented poets in the world, and invited ministers who are good at poetry and prose in the DPRK to enter the literary repair hall. Many times, I put on a banquet, recite poems and sing songs, and I don't want to go back when I am drunk. Shangguan Waner replaced Zhongzong, Wei Hou and Princess Anle at the same time every time, and wrote several poems in parallel, which were beautiful and sung by people at that time. For the poems written by ministers, Zhong Zong ordered Shangguan Waner to comment, and the first prize was often awarded to Jin Jue, which was extremely valuable.

According to legend, when he was about to be born, his mother Zheng dreamed of a giant and gave her a name: "Call this the world." Zheng predicted that there would be a person in his belly who would be called a world-class talent in the future. But he gave birth to a daughter and Zheng was very unhappy. This Wan'er has a beautiful face, but she is better than her mother. She was smart since she was a child, full moon. Zheng put his hand in his arms and joked, "Can you weigh the world?" Wan'er responded accordingly, and it still does. As a result, both inside and outside the imperial court, poetry and fu became a common practice. Wei Hou didn't write a poem, but Wan'er grabbed the knife for him. All the civil servants knew that it was not written by the empress, but they had to admit her self-control face to face and especially praised her. Wei Hou then spoiled Wan'er.

Wan'er took this opportunity to introduce Cui Zhuo, assistant minister of the Ministry of War. There has never been a beautiful woman and a talented person, and there is no one who is not sympathetic! When Shangguan Waner and Wu Sansi were having an affair, they saw Cui Zhuo, and they were at arm's length. Now Wu Sansi is under the control of the Queen Wei, leaving only one person, a wisp of infatuation, and all of them are given to Cui Zhuo. Cuicui is young and talented, and Wan'er is a couple. Now, Wan'er has got what he wants, but he is still a little disappointed. Cui Chui is outside the palace and Wan'er is in the palace. Although the palace is forbidden, it is inconvenient to have a middle school student on it. Wan'er came up with another way to ask everyone to leave the camp so as to enjoy the tour. In Shangguan Waner's residence, the Chinese faction wears the pond for ze, stacks stones for stones, and is carefully carved, often leading ministers to feast. The pavilions and gardens here are elegant, ranking first in Luoyang. Shangguan Waner and Cui Kun have been in the bath since then. Cui Zhuo's brothers, Cui Li, Cui Ye and Cui Di's brothers, all have fine features and a jade crown. Cui Zhuo led them into the palace one by one to meet Shangguan Waner. Wan'er couldn't fall in love with these beautiful teenagers for a while. Since then, Shangguan Waner has been able to walk, sit and lie, and four brothers and sisters of Cui family have been following him. Shangguan Waner often holds banquets in the palace. Among a beautiful woman, there are four young men playing around, drinking and joking on both sides, and writing poems. Later, when Cui Kun presided over the election of civil servants, he violated many rules, was impeached by the suggestion Li Shang, and was demoted as a foreign Sima for his crime; Also because Shangguan Waner and Princess Taiping defended him, he was reinstated. In order to protect his lover Cui Zhuo, he was introduced to Princess Taiping by Wan'er.

Jinglong has been in power for four years, and Princess Taiping, who Shangguan Waner has been making friends with, has come in handy. In June, after Tang Zhongzong was poisoned by Wei Ruyun and Princess Anle, Shangguan Waner and Princess Taiping drafted a testamentary edict and made Li Zhongmao the Crown Prince. Three days later, he acceded to the throne for Shang Tangdi. Wei Hou knew politics, and Prime Minister Li Dan participated in government affairs. In July, Li Longji, king of Linzi, led Yulin soldiers into the palace and killed Wei Hou and his henchmen. Li Longji is the imprisoned grandson. Wan'er once protected him and predicted that he would become an emperor. I happened to see Wu Sansi having an affair with Wan'er in the hospital, so I made up my mind, "I must kill this woman in the future." Yes, it means "I would rather die than surrender". Wan'er knew that Li Longji was the leader. He knew that his life would soon be over. He rushed out with a candle. All the officers and men were shocked to see such a beautiful and peaceful scene after a day's fatigue, especially the warmth they got from a woman who was so killed. Liu Youqiu relented and said to Wan'er, please let me intercede for him. Wan'er noncommittally agreed. Hearing this letter, Li Longji came from the command post, and the pounding of hooves was particularly loud that night. I rushed into the hospital and saw a sword in Wan'er's body. Scene When I was a child, the picture of a woman telling herself stories and taking care of herself emerged. "I don't want you to die. Come back to life. I want to hear your story ... "Then I shouted," Who killed her? Didn't I say I should do it myself? " A soldier stood in the front. "Is the queen robbed our sword. She said the king of the Woods came. Listen to the sound of his horse's hoof in a hurry to kill me. I should go. " (This passage is from Zhao Mei's novel)

Shangguan Waner is a talented woman in history, and her life can be described as a bumpy legend. Although there is no name of prime minister, there is a reality of prime minister. During the Kaiyuan period, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty remembered Shangguan Waner's talent and ordered her poems to be compiled into a book, totaling 20 volumes. Zhang said that she wrote: "Being quick at listening and probing into the mirror theory, while opening a book is just like listening before, shaking the pen and flying away, and becoming isomorphic. In ancient times, there were women who wrote historical records, and women ministers who made decisions and made statements. Zhao Rong of the two dynasties was beautiful, and both were counselors. She should be satisfied. Although China people are called Ban Yuan, she is praised by Zuo Wei, with different writing methods and different auxiliary power. " In this collection of poems, The Whole Tang Poetry only contains 32 poems. During Zhenyuan period, Lu Wen wrote Song of Shangguan Bookstore, which showed a fragment of his literary career. Shangguan Waner was a charming harem woman in the history of the Tang Dynasty, which was recorded in The Book of the Old Tang Dynasty and The Biography of Empresses in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty.

Although Shangguan Waner once enjoyed all the splendor, she still had to gasp at the emperor, queen and princess, and still had to cater to them. I'm afraid only she knows the joys and sorrows. Later, she still did not escape bad luck and became a victim of the struggle for imperial power.

Zhuo Wenjun

Lin Qiong, a native of the Western Han Dynasty, was a talented woman in the Han Dynasty. She is beautiful and talented, good at playing drums and piano, and has a rich family.

Zhuo Wenjun was born beautiful, with good looks, smart and trustworthy since childhood, well-read, elegant and knowledgeable, endowed with poems and songs, all exquisite. He is also good at melody and piano skills.

She is the daughter of Zhuo Wangsun, and has been living at home since her husband died. Many celebrities proposed to her, but she took a fancy to the poor scholar Sima Xiangru. Sima Xiangru can play the piano and write poems, from which Zhuo Wenjun realized his talent and emotion and fell in love with him wholeheartedly. The Sima Xiangru family had nothing in the world. After Zhuo Wenjun eloped with him, he opened a restaurant and became a shopkeeper, while Wen Jun became a busboy, not afraid of being laughed at. The grandson helped them because of their face, and they lived a rich life from then on. Later, Sima Xiangru finally became famous. The story of Wen Jun running at night is widely circulated among the people, and it is based on later novels and operas.

Sima Xiangru's literary talent, Zhuo Wenjun's beauty, white-headed resentment when selling wine, and Nagato's spirit were endowed; The suicide note of Guan Zen Temple has been circulated for a long time. There is also the famous "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix": "Feng Feng returned to his hometown, traveled around the world and asked her for the Phoenix. There is a beautiful girl in this hall, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines. Why should she be a mandarin duck? " And Zhuo Wenjun's "White-headed Song": "Today, fighting against the party, Ming Dan ditch head, ditch water flows east to west. Very sad and sad, don't cry when you get married. You should be single-minded and unwilling to leave each other. What is a rod, what is a fish, and what is a man's loyalty? Why use a money knife? " There is also a sad farewell book: "Chunhua Fang Jing, five-color Su Ling, the sound of the piano is still imperial, and the new sound is replaced by the old one! Jinshui has a honeymoon period, and the Han Palace has water. This is new, and the embarrassing people in the world don't know! Zhu Xian is broken, the mirror is gone, the morning dew is exposed, the fragrance is off, the bald head sings, and it's so sad to leave. Try to eat as much as possible, don't miss my concubine and make soup with you! "

Zhuo Wenjun, a beautiful and intelligent woman, is good at poetry and playing the piano. Alas, at the age of seventeen, she was widowed at her parents' house. One night at dinner, Zhuo Wenjun, who had admired Sima Xiangru's talent for a long time, fell in love at first sight because of Sima Xiangru's passionate and bold confession of Phoenix Begging for Phoenix. However, their love was blocked by their father. With longing for love, determination to pursue happiness and extraordinary courage, Zhuo Wenjun resolutely fled Zhuofu in the dark night and eloped with his beloved. I sell wine for a living. Life is hard, but their feelings are getting deeper and deeper. This is also the most romantic night running story among the love stories that have been handed down so far.