One stop hall: Look, how ancient poetry praises the establishment of a station.

Jianzhan refers to the black glazed tea bowl fired in the kiln, that is, the black glazed lamp in the kiln.

Most of the black glazed porcelain produced by the official kilns in the Song Dynasty were tea bowls, collectively known as "Jianzhan". It is a representative of black glazed porcelain and was once the royal tea set in Song Dynasty. Known as the first tea set in the Song Dynasty.

Tea fighting map in song dynasty

The glaze of Jianzhan is very special, which is formed by water-based pure natural plant ash+water-based red soil with high iron content+water-based high-quality mineral soil. In the firing process, the change of time and temperature of atmosphere reduction can produce different textures and colors. The glazed surface of Jianzhan finished product will show rabbit hair, oil drops or obsidian, which is moist, crystal clear, magnificent and pleasing to the eye, with typical China national style and strong oriental artistic color.

The color spots of Jian Yao black glazed porcelain are naturally formed according to the temperature of the kiln. Among them, obsidian spots are the most precious in the construction of lanterns because of their dazzling and gorgeous spots. The mottling of obsidian lamp is not only rich in color, but also appears as a community, with numerous changes in size and shape, while oil droplets appear alone. Obsidian lamp should be appreciated in light (preferably sunlight) to show its mysterious and magnificent beauty. At that time, in the traditional manual firing, only one or two pieces were accidentally obtained from hundreds of thousands of pieces, but it has not been copied successfully so far.

Obsidian eye lamp

According to the chronicle of Notes on the Left and Right Account of Juntaiguan published in Japan 15 1, obsidian mottled floor lamp is the supreme product, with a value of thousands of silks; Oil drop spotlight is two treasures, worth 5 thousand silks; A rabbit's bonnet is worth three thousand silk. Therefore, the value of black glazed bowls and cups is amazing. Christie's in new york held a special auction of "Ancient Rhyme Tiancheng-Lin Yushan Collection (II)" on the morning of 20 16 15, local time. Lin Yushan People's Collection-China Song Dynasty Porcelain Collection. The black glazed tea lamp can be so noble, which is not only related to the rich quality and famous tea in northern Fujian, but also related to the prevailing tea fighting atmosphere in Song Dynasty.

Since the Song Dynasty, Jianzhan has attracted much attention, which has made many scholars and poets compete to spoil elegance and write many poems praising Jianzhan.

Zhantuo and Song Tuhao

Now choose some to enjoy:

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Although Song Huizong and Evonne could not govern the country, they were proficient in calligraphy and tea ceremony. In his book "On Daguan Tea", he said: "The light is blue and black, and the jade is the best."

It is pointed out that the rabbit enamel produced by Jianzhan is black in color and long in hair, which is a good tea set. He praised in "Gong Ci":

Rabbit hair or even a lamp for boiling cloud liquid,

Can understand beauty and get drunk.

It means a small dragon and phoenix tea cake made of rabbit hair and lanterns. Its fragrance and color can make people intoxicated and fall asleep.

Song tuhao

Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister in the Northern Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "How to Fight Tea Songs" when fighting tea with Sharla Cheung, a colleague of Pucheng.

Green dust is flying around the golden mill,

Purple jade heart snow waves.

Doucha tastes light and hard.

This tea is fragrant and thin.

It means: the green tea powder quickly mixed with the gold equivalent of the small dragon and phoenix tea cake is put into the purple jade ou and brewed with boiling water, and the tea leaves surge like snowflakes. In front of delicious tea, food and wine are dwarfed. In the face of the fragrance of fighting tea, orchids and lotus flowers are ashamed.

Obsidian eye lamp

Huang Tingjian, a famous poet, drank tea with his poetry friends and improvised poems;

Rabbit lamp golden cornucopia,

Pine wind crab eye new soup.

It means: in the milligram with gold edge along the mouth of the rabbit, the soup color will show the spectacle of crab eyes after grinding, and the freshly heated tea fragrance will also drift away with the wind.

When the poet Huang Tingjian tasted Jianning tea, he was amazed at the partridge spotlight built in the kiln. He described: The markings of this bowl are dazzling, just like the running water in the valley and the bright moon in the sky.

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Yang Wanli, a famous poet in the Southern Song Dynasty, mentioned rabbit lanterns many times in his poems. The understanding of rabbit millilamp is far deeper than that of ordinary people, and the description is also very detailed. He wrote in the poem "Cooking Double Well Tea with Liuyiquan":

Eagle claw new tea crab eye soup,

The wind is blowing in the mountains.

Superior ginseng, the taste of June 1 ST,

Therefore, it has the fragrance of Fu Weng's sentence.

In this poem, "eagle claw" is the name of tea, "Fu Weng" refers to Huang Tingjian, and his name is Fu Weng. "Eagle claw new tea crab eye soup, pine wind singing mountain hare cream." The "pine wind" in this sentence, like the "crab eye", describes the boiling degree of water. "Loose wind" is felt by hearing, and "crab eye" is felt by vision. This sentence can be understood as follows: after making "eagle claw" fresh tea powder into soup, scrub it with boiling water (crab eye). At this time, the ears hear the "breeze" of boiling water, and the eyes see the foam "milk flower" in the tea soup, which complements the cream in the rabbit cup. What a charming and complacent tea garden!

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In A.D. 1 178, when Lu You was demoted by the imperial court to Wuyi as the host of Wuyi Chongyou Temple, he often built a cup of tea and became friends with literature. He praised Jane Zhan. In his poem "Leisure", he praised:

Moving eye inkstone should be concave black,

Long hair and small fragrant teas.

The poet thinks it is most appropriate to build a lantern and fight for tea. Although the rabbit is small, the tea smell is amazing.

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Su Dongpo, a great poet in the Song Dynasty, is the most famous for his poem of making lanterns. He has a soft spot for making lights. 1089, when he went to Hangzhou to be well-known, he had a short talk at Shouxing Temple in Geling, Beishan, West Lake.

At this time, Nanping, who lives in Jingci Temple, Nanshan, West Lake, moved to meet him and personally ordered tea for Su Dongpo on the spot. Su Dongpo knew that Qian Shi's method of ordering tea was very good. He drank the tea ordered by Qian Shi himself and felt that Qian Shi's tea art was brilliant, so he wrote a poem "Send Qian Shi Nan Ping" on the spot to celebrate. The poem says:

Dawn Nanping mountain people,

Let's try tea samadhi.

Suddenly, I was stunned by the rabbit spot in the afternoon.

Goose wine is brewed in a spring jar.

Su Dongpo believes that the famous Taoist master, Master Qian Chu of Nanping Mountain, is a Samadhi tea tasting master, and he showed his unique tea tasting skills on the spot, which amazed Su Dongpo. He was even more surprised to see that Taoist priests used the most precious rabbit mottled black glaze at that time to make lamps. Therefore, he compared the top-grade wine aroma brewed in the spring urn to the tea aroma obtained from tea fighting, in order to praise the Taoist priest's superb tea fighting skills.

Black glazed rabbit white lamp of Song Jianyang kiln in the Forbidden City

In addition, Cai Xiang, the first famous official in the Northern Song Dynasty who supervised the creation of tea cakes of the Little Dragon and Phoenix Group, was full of praise for the "Ten Tea Tasting in Beiyuan" of fried tea, saying:

Rabbit hair purple ou Xin,

Boil in green spring with crab eyes.

Snow freezes into flowers,

The clouds don't hang.

It means: When boiling tea with newly-baked rabbit purple Ouzhan (building a kiln to make a lamp) and mountain spring, you will find that when the mountain spring just emerges from the boiling water, you can see the boiling water like a crab's eyes. When you stir the tea cake in boiling water with a bamboo pole, a layer of foam like frozen flowers will condense on the soup surface, while the fragrance floating on the tea soup is floating without watermark.

Appreciation of Jian Zhen

Appreciation of Jian Zhen

Appreciation of Jian Zhen

Appreciation of Jian Zhen

Appreciation of Jian Zhen