Talk about the whole process of road network reconstruction project cost management and control?

"Eleventh Five-Year" period, the province's transportation infrastructure construction is facing a new development situation. The implementation of the strategy of the rise of central China, vigorously promote the "three" construction, expanding opening up to the outside world, accelerate the construction of a new socialist countryside, the construction of a well-off society in all aspects of the transportation infrastructure construction put forward new and higher requirements, especially to accelerate the construction of rural highways and road network construction will become the focus of the construction of highway infrastructure in the province and the highlights. "Eleventh Five-Year" our province's transportation sector to focus on five major events:

First, the investment of 101 billion yuan to speed up the construction of highways, to the "Eleventh Five-Year" end of the highway mileage to reach a total of 3,500 kilometers, five years of new Highway 2100 kilometers.

Second, invest 29.2 billion yuan, 6,000 kilometers of new state and provincial highways and trunk roads.

Thirdly, 32.4 billion yuan will be invested to promote rural road access and smoothness projects, and 110,000 kilometers of rural roads will be newly reconstructed.

Fourth, investing 7.6 billion yuan to build the main water transportation channel.

Fifth, investing 3.3 billion yuan to establish and improve the high-speed transportation service network and rural passenger transportation network.

As can be seen, the road network renovation project of 6,000 kilometers, a total investment of 29.2 billion yuan, how to manage and control the cost, is a new topic of our highway workers, would like to talk about the whole process of road network renovation project cost management and control of some immature views.

One, the basic concepts:

1, the basic concept

Road network renovation project cost management and control refers to follow the objective laws and characteristics of the movement of engineering cost, the use of scientific and technological principles and economic and legal and other means of management and control, to solve the engineering construction activities in the project cost determination and control, technology and economics, operation and management of the actual problem, and strive to rationalize the use of human, material and financial resources. The use of human, material and financial resources to improve investment efficiency and economic efficiency of all business practices and organizational activities. The basic content of project cost management is to reasonably determine and effectively control the cost. There are two kinds of project cost management, one is project investment management, one is project price management. Engineering investment management, that is, in the optimization of the construction program, design program on the basis of the various stages of the construction process, the use of certain methods and measures to control the generation of engineering project cost within a reasonable range and approved cost limits; effective control of engineering project cost, that is, a project is expected to be spent or the actual expenditure of all the investment costs of fixed assets, i.e., the project investment costs can be actual, reasonable, Effective.

Generally speaking, the road network reconstruction projects have a long cycle, frequent changes in prices of production factors and other characteristics, making the cost of construction projects complex and variable, therefore, the project cost management throughout the whole process of construction, including the construction project decision-making stage, design stage, recruitment stage and construction stage and completion stage.

2, China's highway project cost management of the current situation

The party's third plenum of the eleventh central committee, especially since the gradual improvement of the socialist market economic system, so that the project cost management has been a great deal of development, has formed a new discipline. 1985 established the China engineering construction budget quota committee, in 1990 on the basis of the China Construction Cost Management Association, in 1996, China Construction Cost Management Association, on the basis of the construction cost management of the construction cost management of the construction cost management of the project. In 1990, China Construction Cost Management Association was established on this basis. In 1996, the Ministry of Personnel and the Ministry of Construction have determined and documented the establishment of the registered cost engineer system, and the Hunan Provincial Department of Transportation has set up a costing station. After more than ten years of development, it should be said that China's highway project cost management work has made gratifying achievements, and has made significant contributions to China's socialist modernization. However, China's current highway project cost management compared with the western developed countries there is still a big gap between the project cost management, there are still the following problems:

China's current stage of highway project cost management for the purpose of the project settlement price, only focusing on the construction process of cost control, ignoring the project before the start of the investment decision-making stage of the control of the cost.

Road project cost management to passively follow the design drawings prepared by the budget and calculate the cost of the project is mainly in the design stage with engineering cost management optimization design, effective cost control is not enough. Engineering cost management of the various stages of the articulation is not smooth, investment estimates, design estimates, construction budgets, contract price, settlement price, final price, the six stages of the cost by the construction unit and its competent departments, design units, construction companies to manage their own, not to establish a truly effective cost management system of the project.

3, the principle of effective control of highway construction cost

①, to the project, the work can be stage, the design stage focuses on the construction of the whole process of cost control. The key to project cost control in the investment decision-making and design stage before the implementation of the project, after the project to make investment decisions, the key to controlling the cost of the project in the design. However, for a long time, we generally ignore the cost control of engineering projects in the preliminary stage of work, and tend to control the cost of the project's main focus on the construction stage - review the construction budget, reasonable settlement of construction and safety engineering prices. To effectively control the cost of the project, we must shift the focus of control to the construction of engineering projects in the early stages of construction - the project can be stage and design stage up.

②, active control to achieve satisfactory results. Highway project cost control, not only to reflect the investment decision, reflecting the design, contracting and construction, but also to be able to influence the investment decision, influence the design, contracting and construction, active control of project cost. Project cost determination and control, is interdependent and mutual constraints of the relationship between the project cost determination is the basis and carrier of the project cost control. The process of cost determination is also the process of cost control. The combination of technology and economy is the most effective means to control project cost. In the process of project construction, technology and economic integration, through technical comparison, economic analysis and evaluation, correctly deal with the unity of the two technologically advanced and economically practical relationship between the two, and strive to achieve technologically advanced conditions under economically rational, economically rational basis of technologically advanced, the control of project cost concepts penetrate into the various design and construction technology measures.

3, project supervision is an effective way to control project costs. Construction supervision system is the high degree of development of the market economy, construction project management specialization, socialization of the increasing degree of product. Construction supervision of the task, from the perspective of organization and management to take scientific measures to ensure that the construction project cost objectives, schedule objectives and quality objectives reasonably achieved for the owner to seek the best input and output. Practice has proved that project supervision is an effective way to control project cost.

Two, road network renovation project cost management of the whole process of control:

Road network renovation project project cost management mainly refers to the reasonable determination and effective control of the project cost, in accordance with the idea of comprehensive cost management, the project cost management work involves the whole process of the project, involves the construction of various elements related to the construction of the project involves the owner, the contractor, the supervision of engineers, the interests of. It involves the relationship between construction units, construction units, design units and consulting units. In addition, the project cost management is a work of great uncertainty, in the process of project implementation there will be many unforeseen matters, and these matters, or risk prevention, only by the control of investment is very difficult to do well, the need for the whole process of project cost management, the whole elements of the systematic planning and control. Construction projects at all stages of engineering cost management of the specific content and measures described below.

1, feasibility study stage of engineering cost management.

Project investment decision-making is the process of selecting and deciding the investment program of action, is the necessity of the proposed project and the feasibility of technical and economic demonstration of the technical and economic comparisons of different construction programs and make judgments and decisions on the process. Project decision-making is correct or not, directly related to the success or failure of the project construction, related to the project cost and the effect of investment. And investment decision-making is indeed affected by the following factors: the size of the project, construction areas and construction sites, construction standards, technology and equipment selection, which is directly related to the project's investment efficiency.

Therefore, the road network reconstruction project decision-making must be given sufficient attention, on the one hand, must be based on the overall strategy of social development and project development needs, the organization of experts or commissioned consulting agencies, from the technical, economic and environmental protection, etc., a comprehensive and systematic demonstration of the necessity and feasibility of the proposed road network project, the construction scale of the proposed project, the conditions of the resources, the market forecast, the engineering and technology and the financial and economic evaluation of the authenticity, objectivity and objectivity of the proposed project. Economic evaluation of the authenticity, objectivity, reliability of the comprehensive evaluation, to make investment decisions, in order to achieve effective control of project cost management objectives; on the other hand, strive to prepare investment estimates as comprehensive and accurate as possible, real and effective, fully consider the various situations that may arise during the construction of the project and the impact of unfavorable factors on the project cost, so that the investment estimates really play a role in controlling the total investment in the project.

Road network reconstruction project project and feasibility study phase must be done by professional organizations to do a fine job, the impact of the project estimate and project decision-making aspects to be assessed, such as: assessment of geological hazards, overburdened mineral deposits assessment, heritage protection assessment, environmental protection assessment, flood control assessment, soil and water conservation assessment, water conservancy facilities, compensation assessment, etc., as well as forestry, land and resources and other aspects of the survey, if these work is not in place, the next step in the construction process, the cost of investment estimates really play a role in controlling the total investment in the project. If these work is not in place, the next step is very unfavorable and directly affects the cost of the project.

2, engineering design stage of the project cost management

2.1 design stage of the project cost management of the importance of

In the proposed project after the feasibility study stage, the design stage has become the key stage of the project cost control. It plays a decisive role in the construction period, project cost, project quality and completion of the project can produce better economic benefits and benefits of use.

The design stage of the project budget for the correct costing analysis can make the cost structure into a reasonable, improve the efficiency of capital utilization.

The design stage through the preparation of budget estimates can understand the composition of the project cost, analyze the rationality of the allocation of funds. And the use of value engineering theory to analyze the various components of the project function and cost of matching degree, adjust the project function and cost to make it more reasonable.

Control of project cost at the design stage will make the control work more proactive, and facilitate the combination of technology and economics and control of project cost effect more significant.

2.2 The design phase of the project cost management procedures.

With the engineering design work, each design stage of the project cost management content and different.

1, preliminary design stage

Preliminary design stage is to determine the purpose of the design program, according to the higher level of approval of the engineering feasibility study documents, expert review, survey and design contract requirements, to formulate the construction principles, select the design, calculate the number of projects, the number of major materials, the opinions of the construction program, the preparation of the design estimate, to provide the text and graphical information.

Road network reconstruction project preliminary design work completed

1. Selected route design scheme, the basic determination of the route location;

2. Basic identification of geological, hydrological, climatic, seismic, etc. along the route;

3. Basic identification of the quality of the road building materials along the route, storage, supply and transportation, and raw materials, mixes, and test;

4. basically determine the location of the drainage system and protection works, the length of the road section, structural forms and dimensions;

5. basically determine the design of the standard cross-section of the roadbed and the special roadbed cross-section, as well as the program of taking and disposing of the soil along the roadbed, calculate the quantity of the soil and stone in the roadbed and carry out the deployment;

6. basically determine the design of the roadbed, the type of the pavement structure and the main Size;

7. Basically determine the location of oversized, large and medium bridges, design scheme, structural type and main dimensions;

8. Basically determine the location, structural type and main dimensions of small bridges, culverts, diffuse bridges and water-crossing pavements, etc.

9. Basically determine the location, form, structural type and main dimensions of the route intersection;

10. Determine the location, form, structure type and main dimensions of the access road;

11. Determine the location, type and main dimensions of the traffic engineering and facilities along the route;

12. Determine the content, measures and programs for environmental protection;

13. Determine the number of occupied land, demolition and relocation of buildings and electric power, telecommunications and other facilities;

14. Proposing items to be tested and studied;

15. Preliminary formulation of the construction plan;

16. Calculating the quantity of each project;

17. Calculating the quantities of labor and the main materials, machineries, and equipments;

18. Preparing the design estimate;

Prepare, according to the preliminary design drawings and specifications and the estimated budget quota, the The total preliminary design estimate; once the estimate is approved, it is the maximum limit for controlling the project cost of the proposed road network project, and according to the commitment of the Provincial Highway Bureau, the estimate will not be adjusted for the road network reconstruction project managed by the Provincial Highway. So it is required that all the above 18 work items be done carefully.

Because of the special nature of the road network reconstruction, in the preliminary design of the flat longitudinal and horizontal technical indicators, such as conditions can be appropriately relaxed to use the low value, can be utilized on the old road and old bridges to be utilized as far as possible, the old pavement is generally not considered thin-cutting and thin-filling.

(2), construction drawings design stage

Road network reconstruction project construction drawings should be based on the preliminary design approval, surveying contract, and further review of the construction principles, design options, technical decisions to be specific and deepen, and ultimately determined to ensure that the number of projects, to put forward the text and adapt to the construction of charts and graphs of the need for construction information and construction organization plan, and the preparation of construction budget.

Road network reconstruction project construction drawings to complete the design

1. Determine the specific location of the route;

2. Determine the standard cross-section of the roadbed and the special roadbed cross-section, drawing the roadbed super-high, widening the design map; calculating the amount of earth and rock and deployment; determine the location of the roadbed soil extraction and disposal, drawing the longitudinal and cross-sectional map of the soil extraction pit;

3. structural types and dimensions of roadbed pavement drainage system and protection works, and draw corresponding layout and structural design drawings;

4. Determine structural types and dimensions of special roadbed design, and draw special roadbed design drawings;

5. Determine structural types and dimensions of pavement structures of each road section, and draw pavement structural drawings;

6. Determine the location of oversized, large and medium bridges, number of holes and Determine the location, number and diameter of holes, structural types and dimensions of the structural design drawings;

7. Determine the location, number and diameter of holes, structural types and dimensions of the small bridges, culverts, diffuse bridges, water crossings, etc., and draw layout drawings. Special design, should draw special design details.

8. Determine the route crossing form, structure type and size of each part, drawing layout and design details;

9. Determine the location, type and size of each part of the traffic engineering and facilities along the project, drawing layout and design details;

10. Determine the location, type and number of environmental protection facilities, drawing layout and design details;

11. implement the quality, storage, supply and transportation distance of road construction materials along the route, and draw the transportation diagram of road construction materials;

12. determine the quantity of land acquisition, demolition and relocation of buildings, as well as electric power and telecommunication, etc.

13. calculate the quantity of each project;

14. put forward the construction organization plan;

15. put forward the quantity of labor and the quantity of major materials, machineries and equipments. Specification and quantity of major materials, machineries and equipment;

16. Preparation of construction drawing budget.

Construction drawing budget is prepared according to the construction drawings and specifications and budgetary quotas, which is used to verify whether the cost of the construction drawing stage exceeds the approved preliminary design estimate. Construction drawing design requires careful optimization of the design scheme to avoid design changes after the start of the project.

In the road network renovation project construction drawings design: First, for the old road geological complexity of the lot to be treated seriously, generally not cut, in order to avoid causing large slump and increase the cost of the project; Second, due to the old road through a long period of time through the car, above the formation of a relatively hard crust, in the design of the design can be considered to maximize the use of the bending value, and according to determine the bending value of the thickness of the pavement on the road in order to reduce the project investment. ; Third, the old road bridge culvert as far as possible to use, this is conducive to the construction period through the car, reduce the right-of-way costs, but also can save the project cost; Fourth, according to my experience, cement concrete pavement corners destroyed more, and the secondary road using the four-plate pavement heavy vehicles just driving on both sides of the plate, easy to produce pavement disease, it is recommended to use the three-plates, so that the heavy wheels basically driving in the middle of the plate.

(3), the design and construction

Design unit should be responsible for accounting for the design intent, technical briefing, interpretation of the design documents, timely resolution of the problems in the construction of the design documents, to participate in the type of operation and completion of the acceptance, commissioning and a comprehensive summary of the project design. The design process in a timely manner to analyze and compare the project investment, feedback cost information, dynamic influence on the design, control investment.

The cost control of the design stage is an organically linked whole, the cost of the design stage (estimates, estimates, budgets) mutual constraints, complement each other, the former control the latter, the latter complement the former, *** with the composition of the project cost control system.

2.3 Measures and methods for cost control in the design stage

Methods for cost control in the design stage include: selecting or optimizing the design scheme, promoting the limit design and standardized design, strengthening the management and reviewing the preparation of the design estimate and the construction budget, and improving the design quality.

(1) The management and review of the preparation of cost estimates, design estimates and construction drawing budgets for programs.

Strengthening of the design phase of the design program estimates, preliminary design estimates, construction drawing budget preparation management and review is again crucial. In practice, it is often found that some program estimates are not complete enough, some construction drawing budget or tender is not accurate enough, affecting the design process at all stages of cost control objectives, and ultimately can not achieve the purpose of the cost target control design work.

First of all, the program estimate should be established on the basis of analysis and calculation can be more comprehensive and truly reflect the cost of each program.

Secondly, to strengthen the review of the design estimates, can avoid the occurrence of major errors, to avoid unnecessary economic losses.

The third is to improve the quality of construction drawing budget, construction drawing budget is an important basis for signing construction contract, determine the contract price, project settlement, the quality of which directly affects the construction phase of the cost control.

(2) optimization and selection of the design

In order to improve the road network reconstruction project investment effect, from the route plane, longitudinal section, cross-section to bridges, culverts, passages and tunnels, etc. should be a multi-scheme selection, from which to select the best technologically advanced, economically rational design solutions, or optimization of the existing design solutions to make it more economically rational. Improvement of unreasonable design suggestions to achieve cost control, the purpose of saving investment. For example, the K82-K85 section of Zhucheng Highway, due to insufficient consideration of geological conditions by the design unit, led to design changes after the project started, resulting in waste of investment and loss of time.

(3) Strictly implement the limit design.

Limit design, that is, in accordance with the approved design mission statement and investment estimates to control the preliminary design, according to the total preliminary design estimates to control the construction drawings design, strict control of technical design and construction drawings design unreasonable changes to ensure that the total investment limit is not broken. Limit design is an important means of controlling the cost of the project, it can effectively overcome and control the "three super" phenomenon, so that the design unit to strengthen the unified management of technology and economy, and completely change the current "design process does not count the account, design budget estimates to see the difference" of the undesirable phenomenon, to overcome the design budget itself out of control, and to ensure that the total investment limit is not exceeded. Overcome the design budget itself out of control on the negative impact of the project cost.

(4), the promotion of standard design

For bridges, culverts, passages, tunnels, the Ministry of Transportation published standard drawings, design can be used in large quantities, so that you can shorten the design cycle, but also the use of stereotypes and mature technology, the organization of balanced production in batches, not only to improve labor productivity and utilization of templates, but also help to reduce the cost of production, and at the same time to speed up the speed of construction to shorten the entire construction cycle. Construction cycle.

(5), the implementation of design claims and supervision system, strengthen the design change management.

The implementation of design claim and design supervision system can really improve people's attention to the design work, so as to make the design stage of the project cost can be carried out effectively, but also can promote the design unit to establish a perfect management system, improve the quality consciousness of the design staff and cost consciousness, is a practical guarantee of design quality and control the cost of the necessary means. Highway engineering design has not yet carried out design claims and supervision system should be vigorously promoted.

(6), effectively improve the quality of design:

The design stage is the project is about to be implemented but not implemented stage, in order to avoid unnecessary changes and modifications during the construction stage, to avoid increasing the cost of the project, the design should be done in detail, do in-depth. The quality of the design of the entire project construction is vital to the effectiveness of the design phase of the cost control to improve the quality of the design, to promote the improvement of construction quality, speed up the progress, high quality and efficiency of the project to build a good, reduce project costs is also very beneficial.

In short, the design phase of the cost control is a real embodiment of the idea of prior control, can really play a multiplier effect, to spend a small amount of money to do great things, only when the owners really control the cost of the key stage is established in the design phase, in order to receive the investment to save, fast progress, good quality results.

2.4 Bidding stage of the project cost management and control

2.4.1 Project bidding on the impact of the project cost:

The implementation of the project bidding is one of the important measures of China's highway construction market towards standardization. The implementation of project bidding system, to reduce the project cost, so that the project cost is reasonable control has a very important impact, mainly manifested in the following three aspects.

(1) the bidding system basically formed the market pricing price mechanism. The most significant effect of the implementation of the bidding system is to produce fierce competition between the bidders to determine the price of the project, so that it tends to be reasonable, and is conducive to saving investment, improve investment efficiency.

(2) the bidding system can reduce the average level of social labor consumption, so that the project price is effectively controlled. Through bidding to achieve a better allocation of productivity resources, but also to realize the survival of the fittest among the bidders, so that the project price more reasonable.

(3) bidding system facilitates the supply and demand sides to better choose each other, so that the project price is more in line with the value base. Through bidding the owner can choose the lower price, shorter construction period, with good performance and management level of the survey and design units and construction units as a contractor, for reasonable control of the project valuation has laid the foundation.

2.4.2 Bidding stage of project cost management:

1) the owner to choose a reasonable bidding method.

The bidding methods are open bidding and invitational bidding. Invitation to tender is generally only applicable to special state investment projects and non-state economic investment projects, open tendering method is the best bidding method that can reflect the principle of openness, justice and fairness. Select the basis for reasonably determining the contract price of the project

(2) the owner prepares the bidding documents, determines the reasonable method of measuring the project and the method of bidding price, and determines the bidding price of the project.

Owner before bidding, can choose the engineering measurement method and tender offer method that is conducive to reduce the cost of the project and facilitate contract management.

(3) The owner chooses a reasonable bid evaluation method for bid evaluation, and before formally determining the winning unit, the potential winning unit is inquired about the bid.

2.4.3 Measures and methods of project cost control in the bidding stage:

(1) the basic contents of the bidding documents

1. the contract documents, including the bidding instructions, the contract terms, the bid, the form of performance bond.

2. Technical specifications, including technical standards, construction specifications of the relevant provisions of the project quality inspection and evaluation standards, measurement rules, acceptance methods and requirements.

3. Design documents, including design specifications, design documents and major drawings, engineering quantity lists, geological and hydrological surveys, test data and special engineering requirements.

(2), the bidding stage

For the design depth of the drawings and the nature of the project, to determine the cost control, the appropriate method of project pricing (bill of quantities) and the preparation of complete bidding documents (including the construction specifications),

(3), the clearing stage

Clearing stage

Clearing of the bidding in order to fully understand the content of the bidding documents, the bid against the tender documents for the tender The responsiveness and conformity of the bidding documents to check, clear the bidding work should have enough time, from the cost point of view, the focus should be on the review of the construction program, the bill of quantities quoted arithmetic check. Problems should be found in time for the bidder to clarify.

(4), bid evaluation stage

Reasonably low bid evaluation method is recommended, in order to facilitate the management of the construction phase should not be the lowest bidder. Because if the lowest bidder, bidders can take pre-intervention and vicious competition strategy. Pre-intervention is the bidder in the design stage to enter the proposed bidding section, take some measures to the design and quantity calculation of the impact; vicious competition is the use of below-cost price quotes won the bidding, and the construction process and then try to take jerry-built, or through the changes, visas and other methods to make up for the loss, to the quality of the project and the cost of the control has brought great difficulty, the management of the project is very unfavorable. In order to reduce the occurrence of the above acts, the bidder in the evaluation of bids in addition to some simple works can be used to win the lowest price of a single factor bid evaluation method, for some of the more complex projects should be used as far as possible to evaluate the bidding method or other approved open, fair and equitable methods, that is, in addition to evaluating the bidding price of the bidders, but also to the quality of the work, the construction period (including the duration of the control project), civilized construction, construction safety, construction programs, environmental protection, personnel and construction safety. , construction program, environmental protection, personnel and mechanical equipment and other comprehensive evaluation.

(5), contracting stage

After determining the successful bidder, the bidder should once again review in detail the bidding documents of the successful bidder, the clarification of the evaluation of the bidding in the contract for further clarification, at the same time, in the case of the total price remains unchanged, the unit price of a number of obviously unreasonable subheadings and the successful bidder for consultation, adjustment, especially for the construction phase is likely to occur a large number of changes in the project, should be more so. Should be more so. Practice shows that the contract signed before the negotiation of the later cost control has a very important role, and the results of the negotiation is more satisfactory to both sides.

Signing at the same time, the successful bidder should be sent to the bidder by the depository bank issued by the performance bond certificate. The amount of the bond shall be as specified in the bidding documents. The amount of the bond shall be recovered after the fulfillment of the contract. If there is no statutory reason for the bidder's non-performance of the contract, it is not entitled to request the return of the bond amount. The use of performance bond system can indeed effectively control the default of both parties.

2.5 Construction Stage Project Cost Management and Control

2.5.1 Construction Stage Project Cost Management Work Content:

Construction stage is the main stage of the implementation of the value of the construction project, but also the stage of the largest capital investment. In practice, often the construction stage as an important stage of engineering cost control. Owners in the construction phase of the project cost control is the main task through the project payment control, project change cost control, prevention and handling of cost claims, tap the potential for saving project cost to implement the actual cost does not exceed the planned investment.

Construction stage project cost control work includes organization, economy, technology, contract and other aspects of the content.

1, the organization of the work content in

(1), in the project management team to implement the project cost control from the perspective of construction tracking personnel division of labor, division of labor and division of functions.

(2), the preparation of this stage of the project cost of the work plan and detailed work flow chart.

2, economic work

(1), the preparation of capital utilization plan, to determine, decomposition of project cost control objectives.

(2), the project cost control objectives for risk analysis, and determine the preventive countermeasures.

(3), carry out engineering measurement.

(4), review the project payment orders, issue payment certificates.

(5), project cost tracking and control during the construction process, and regularly compare the actual cost expenditure value with the planned target and the planned target. Discover the deviation, analyze the reason for the deviation, and take corrective measures.

(6), negotiation to determine the price of engineering changes.

(7), review the completion of the settlement.

(8), the construction process of the project cost expenditure to do a good job of analyzing and forecasting, often or regularly submitted to the owner of the project cost control and its problems.

3, technical work

(1), the design changes in the technical system comparison, strict control of design changes.

(2), continue to look for the possibility of cost savings through design excavation.

(3), review the construction organization design prepared by the contractor, technical and economic analysis of the main construction program.

4, the contract work:

(1), good construction records, save a variety of documents and drawings, especially pay attention to drawings with actual changes in order to provide a basis for possible claims.

(2) Participate in claim matters.

(3), participate in the contract modification, supplemental work, focusing on the consideration of its impact on cost control

5, other notes

(1), the project start time to fit in

Hunan's specific situation, the project should be appropriate to start in May, June, so that after the issuance of the order of commencement of a more than one month after the commencement of the work to prepare for the immediate entry into the dry season, the roadbed earthwork. Favorable roadbed earthwork construction. If the start time is not appropriate, serious impact on the old road traffic, resulting in increased project costs.

(2), the use of old roads to control the duration of

Road network reconstruction is the biggest headache of the use of old road construction, construction side of the traffic, maintenance of traffic is very difficult, the expenditure is also particularly large. Therefore, the use of the old road construction must be carried out in sections, never full bloom, each start a section must be completed in a dry season all the section of earth and stone, otherwise, the spring, rainy season passes the maintenance and management workload is particularly large, the project investment is particularly large. All the old road utilization section must be completed within two dry season.

(3), bridge and culvert structures must be rushed forward

By the platform backfill, wall backfill has been uneven subsidence, easy to produce jumping cars. Road network reconstruction project is not as good as the new project, this is the side of the construction of the project, the role of traffic can be completely on the back of the platform, the wall back of the rolling, which requires bridge and culvert structures must be rushed forward, as far as possible, in the first dry season and every rainy season to complete.

(4) land acquisition, demolition and relocation work must be done

Because of the current road network reconstruction policy, most of the land acquisition, demolition and relocation work is self-financed by the local government to solve the problem as the owner and the construction unit in the project after the commencement of the project there is no effective measures to control and constraints, which requires that before the commencement of construction work together with the local government on the acquisition of land demolition and relocation of the work of the detailed acceptance, did not meet the requirements of the not to start. Or the local self-financing funds will be paid to the owner, who will pay, according to the progress of land acquisition and relocation. Otherwise, once the construction begins, the remaining problems will have to be completed by the owner in addition to increase the investment or by the construction unit to increase another expenditure to complete, which not only increases the project investment, but also delayed the construction period.

2.6 Completion of the settlement stage of the project cost management and control:

For the completion of the stage of the project cost control, should seriously do the following: check the terms of the contract, review the completion of the settlement of the preparation of the scope. Audit the completion of the content is in line with the contract requirements, acceptance is qualified, audit the settlement method, pricing methods, preferential terms are in line with the contract; according to the as-built plan to audit the amount of work, in the audit, according to as-built drawings, design changes, on-site visas, etc., in accordance with the national provisions of the rules for the calculation of the amount of work item by item checking; strict implementation of the basis for pricing and pricing methods; strict review of the design change visas; checking the fees standard, different The tax rate and price index of different regions may be different. Therefore, the project charging standard must be in accordance with the requirements of the contract, according to the qualification level of the construction unit, the project category and so on to set a reasonable charging standard.

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