Please help translate it into English, thank you! !

A milestone in the history of internet development-the emergence of embedded internet technology. It depends on the development of Internet technology, Web technology and embedded technology. Embedded Internet technology is a device access technology and heterogeneous network interconnection technology. The main problem to be solved is to monitor, diagnose, test, manage and maintain the devices and subnets of different races that enter the Internet from different subnets and different physical areas through Web and embedded technology, so that all kinds of devices or other types of subnets that access the Internet can have remote monitoring, diagnosis and management functions.

Embedded Internet refers to the Internet from the perspective of devices. At this time, the Internet is a kind of embedded Internet. Equipment companies access the Internet by inserting Internet functions into devices, which is called embedded Internet devices and EID.

Before this technology came into being, people had to use dedicated lines to control remote equipment, which was time-consuming, laborious and inconvenient. It was not impossible to control movable equipment. Now with embedded internet technology, you can use the browser instead of the dedicated line through the existing internet control equipment; People can control everything they want, as long as there is internet on the device side, but no matter where the device will move now or in the future.

Although the history of embedded Internet technology is not long, it has developed very rapidly. People haven't had time to adapt to its era, and many related technologies have appeared. Many large chip manufacturers have begun to develop embedded chips with more powerful functions, and software manufacturers have developed micro Web servers and TCP/IP protocol stacks.

There are many ways to realize embedded Internet technology, such as different architectures, different chips, different underlying technologies and different software technologies. From the perspective of management, the development of embedded Internet technology can be divided into three stages, namely, centralized management stage, decentralized management stage and intelligent management stage. There are different implementation methods at different stages.

1. In the early days of central management, the development of hardware technology could not keep up with the requirements of embedded Internet, and embedded chips could not support high-end applications without network connection to devices. In order to make these electrical equipment without network connection have IP address and access to the Internet, we often use a method of pre-installing PC, which is called centralized management. Sometimes it is also called the method based on gateway technology, because the computer has completed the conversion from TCP/IP protocol to the underlying control protocol.

In the central management stage, the device gateway technology is the core technology, and the gateway provides the connection of various devices to the Internet, which may have many types:

* Equipment directly connected to the computer that can realize the gateway function;

* Connect the equipment with the computer through the special connection card;

In the first case, the device is directly connected to the ports on the PC, such as RS232 interface, RS485 interface, RF interface, parallel port and even USB interface, so that the front-end computer does not need to provide special drivers for the device, but only needs to complete data transmission between ports.

However, the computer port resources are extremely limited. When controlling complex devices, it is far from enough to just use the inherent interface of the computer. Moreover, the program cannot be extended. When many devices are connected to the network, the rapidly increasing computer will increase the cost to an unacceptable degree. Therefore, we have to find other ways.

This problem is solved by connecting devices and computers through special interface cards, but this technology is relatively complicated. The device connected to the computer needs not only the corresponding device gateway, but also the corresponding device driver, so that the user's resident command can be correctly executed in the device after being converted into a format through the gateway that the device can recognize. Its basic structure is shown in Figure 2.

Most of these devices have some kind of network connection (for example, a fieldbus network) but no embedded Web server. They need a computer to complete the functions of gateway and Web server.