How do traditional Chinese farmers achieve self-sufficiency in basic consumption?

Traditional Chinese farmers refer to farmers before the rural cooperative movement.

At that time, the life of the owner-peasants (equivalent to the later "middle peasants") among the farmers was mostly self-sufficient.

Grain and vegetables are grown at home; surplus grain is sold; seeds are basically rarely promoted as "improved varieties", and they mainly rely on self-selection; fertilizers are accumulated by oneself; no chemical fertilizers are used; few pesticides are used; cloth, mainly weaved by oneself;

Make your own clothes and shoes - the soles of your shoes are made by cobblers, who have skills; household fuels are mainly wheat straw, straw, reeds, etc., without coal; farm tools and cattle are raised by yourself; iron products such as sickles must be purchased.