What is the phonetic notation in the translation of pastoral vows?

Full-text translation of pastoral oath;

King Wu, with 300 chariots and 300 warriors, launched a "pastoral oath" campaign with businessmen in Mu Ye.

On the first day of Jiazi, Zhou Wuwang came to Mu Ye outside the mall and held a grand swearing-in meeting. King Wu held a big yellow axe in his left hand and a white flag with a yak tail in his right hand to command the whole army. He said, "How far are we from the west!" King Wu said, "Oh! The ministers, Si Tuleideng, Sima, Ya Lu, Shi, commanders of thousands and centurions, Yong, Shu, Qiang, Xun, Wei, Lu, Peng and Pu, put up their hands and set up their shields. They are good guns. I want to make an oath. "

King Wu said: "The ancients said:' Hens don't know in the morning; If the hen announces the dawn, it means that the family is going to decline. "Now Shang Zhouwang only listens to the words of women, turns a blind eye to the sacrifices of ancestors, looks down on brothers of the same clan, does not employ them, but respects sinful people who have fled from all directions, trusts them and appoints them as doctors and celebrities. These people are cruel to the people. They violate the law and create chaos in commercial cities, so that they hurt the people. Now, I, Ji Fa, have been ordered by heaven to punish. In today's decisive battle, the distance between the front and the back of our attacking array must not exceed six or seven steps, and it must be kept neat without delay. Soldiers, March bravely! In the course of several battles, no more than four or five rounds, six or seven rounds, we must stop and rectify the lineup. Go forward bravely, men! I hope you are all mighty and magnificent, like tigers and bears. Go ahead and go to the suburbs of Shangdu. In battle, don't attack the people sent by the enemy to surrender, but use them to serve yourself. March forward bravely, soldiers! If you don't push forward, you will be killed yourself.

The pastoral oath phonetic notation:

W ǔ Wang Lang Qin Bernie Li Ning, H ǔ Bin Lang Bernie Lun, Y ǔ Shang Zhan Youmuyi, Su Mo Xi.

Rong has 320 chariots and 300 warriors under his command. He fought against merchants in Konoha and wrote the pastoral oath.

This is the first time I have seen you.

When Jiazi is ignorant, he vows to be a konoha, a commercial suburb.

Wang Zuzhang, Yang, Yang: "Hello, T incarnation, hello!"

The king of Qi held Huang Yue in his left hand and Bai Wei in his right hand to persuade him, "Yiyi, a native of the Western Region!"

wáng Yuē:“Jiē！ Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Romance of the Three Kingdoms, etc.

The king said, "Oh! I am a friend of Yuezhong, Situ, Sima, Yalu, Shi, commander, Yong, Shu, Qiang, Kuai, Wei, Lu, Peng and Pu. Call Ego, Birgan and Learmore and swear to him. "

wáng Yu:“gǔrén yǒu yán Yu:‘pìn jīwúchén； Pén jézhéchén, wéI Jiāzhésu.' This is a good example. This is the first time I have met you. Jon y ǔ.

Wang Yue: "The ancients said,' Hens have no morning; In the morning, this is the only home. "Today, Shang Wang only accepts what women say, but he ignores Jue Si and Wang's parents and brothers. They are dishonest. But he just escaped many charges in all directions. He is a doctor and a scholar. Give it to the people, rape it to the commercial city. Today, I will only be punished for being respectful.

This is a good example. xù zāi fū zǐ! Bhikuni Yus Fa, W ǔ Fa, Li Ou Fa, Qian Fa, Niri Zhou Yaen. xù zāi fū zǐ! sàng Huán Huán rúhǔ，rú pí，rú pí，yúshāng Jiāo fúyàkèn，yǐyìxìtǔ，xùzāI fǐ！ Su, Q, Y, R, G and Y! "

Today's business is not just six or seven steps, but how to stop it. Alas, master! If you don't stay in the feeling of four, five, six and seven, you will no longer be neat. Alas, master! Businessmen are like tigers, tigers, bears and tigers. He runs a business in the suburbs and serves the west. What a pity! What did you do? What did you do! "

Original works:

Rong has 320 chariots and 300 warriors under his command. He fought against merchants in Konoha and wrote the pastoral oath.

When Jiazi is ignorant, he vows to be a konoha, a commercial suburb.

The king of Qi held Huang Yue in his left hand and Bai Wei in his right hand to persuade him, "Yiyi, a native of the Western Region!"

The king said, "Oh! I am a friend of Yuezhong, Situ, Sima, Yalu, Shi, commander, Yong, Shu, Qiang, Kuai, Wei, Lu, Peng and Pu. Call Ego, Birgan and Learmore and swear to him. "

Wang Yue: "The ancients said,' Hens have no morning; In the morning, this is the only home. "Today, Shang Wang only accepted the woman's words, abandoned Jue Si, and left Wang's parents and brothers dishonest. It was only because of many evils in all directions that he escaped. He is a doctor and a scholar. Give it to the people, rape it to the commercial city. Today, I will only be punished for being respectful.

Today's business is not just six or seven steps, but how to stop it. Alas, master! If you don't stay in the feeling of four, five, six and seven, you will no longer be neat. Alas, master! Businessmen are like tigers, tigers, bears and tigers. He runs a business in the suburbs and serves the west. What a pity! What did you do? What did you do! "

Comment on words and phrases:

1. Rongche: Chariot. Two: the car.

2. samurai (bēn): warrior. Three hundred people: It should be three thousand people.

3. Not cool: When the sun is about to rise.

4. Commercial suburb: the outer suburb of Chao Ge, the capital.

5. Staff: Here you are. Yu Yue: A big axe made of brass. Poirot, axe.

6. keep: keep. Máo: A flag decorated with oxtail on the flagpole. Hui: The flag of command.

7.ψ(ψ): Far.

8. Imperial affairs: the minister in charge of the country.

9. Situ, Sima and Sikong: The official name Situ is in charge of civil affairs, Sima is in charge of military affairs, and is in charge of national territory.

10. Yalu: official name, doctor. Teacher's surname: official name, Chinese medicine.

1 1. Commander: official name, commander-in-chief of a division. Centurion: official name, commander-in-chief of the brigade.

12. Yong, Shu, Qiang, Xun, Hui, Lu, Peng and Pu: at that time, eight vassal States in the southwest of Zhou were located in Hubei, Sichuan, Gansu and Shaanxi provinces.

13. Say: Lift it up. Ge: Ancient weapon with long handle and horizontal blade.

14. Proportion: arrangement. Dry: ancient weapons, shields.

15. spear: an ancient long-handled weapon.

16. hen: hen. Morning: Chen Si, announce the dawn.

17. Cable: empty and faded.

18. Female: da ji. Use: listening.

19. faint: contempt. Four. Sacrifice name refers to ancestor worship.

20. Sandy: Use it.

Appreciation of works:

The Grazing Oath, which mainly describes the rise of Zhou Wuwang and the destruction of business, was sworn in Mu Ye, a suburb of Shangdu, before the decisive battle. Generally speaking, the war warning oath should not only explain why the war was fought, state the enemy's crimes, state the justice of starting a career, but also boost morale, announce rewards and punishments to the people with strict orders, and how to attack those who fought bravely and deal with prisoners. After reading Pastoral Oath, I actually made a clever arrangement for it, with clear structure and full sense of organization, just like a pre-war sermon with complete beginning and end, rich content and clear analysis. Specifically, it includes two parts: preface and oath text. The former explains the time, place and event of the oath, and the latter is the main part, including the oath taker, the object of the oath, the atmosphere of purifying speech, the reasons for operation, the requirements for operation, and the warning not to violate laws and regulations. This is the basic format of the oath body at that time.

The preface to the opening of the pastoral oath says: "When Jia Zi is ignorant, he vows as for the leaves of wood and the suburbs of business." Point out the time: Jiazi Day (that is, Battle Day), at dawn; Venue: Muye, suburb of Yindu; Event: swearing; Swearing: Zhou Wuwang, the prince of Wu, "Huang Yue with his left staff and white with his right hand", is heroic and commanding.

The main part of the oath first points out the object of the oath and comforts the soldiers. It says: "Yi Yi, born and raised in the West." Zhou Wuwang expressed condolences to the people of Zhou Benbang and the soldiers from the western tribes who came from afar. At the same time, he also mentioned the burial of AIA, including the leaders of AIA, especially the imperial envoys of this war, including Si Tuleideng, Sima, Sikong and other ministers. Then, after cleaning up the atmosphere of the speech, he finally issued a warm call, raised his weapon and swore: "Call Ergo, Buergen and Learmore and swear to them." The main part of the oath is to explain the reasons for the war: to accuse Shang Zhouwang of crimes, to find excuses for the war, and to preach the punishment of heaven. Swear: "Today's Shang King (Yin name) is a female character; Faint abandon jazz, answer; It is Wang's parents and brothers who are forgotten and abandoned, not Di. But there are many crimes in the four directions of escape, whether it's worship or long, whether it's letter or envoy, whether it's doctor, aristocrat or scholar, let them oppress the people and rape the commercial city. I will send it today, but I will be punished by heaven. " Shang Zhouwang is dissolute, cruel and ignorant. There are three reasons for the crusade: first, denouncing Shang Zhouwang's favorite princess (da ji), listening to her rumors, and pointing out that a woman's misfortune will lead to the country's demise, which can be said to be well-founded. Second, he did not sacrifice ancestors and the gods of heaven and earth, and condemned Shang Zhouwang for completely disdaining to abandon the ancestral temple, disdaining to thank God for his kindness, and being indifferent to sacrificial gifts. Third, abandon the elders and brothers of the same clan at will, respect the letter, attract and reuse the guilty fugitives who are fleeing everywhere, and oppress the people, which will inevitably cause widespread indignation and resentment and will inevitably lead to extinction. By denouncing Shang Zhouwang's many crimes, it is clarified that Zhou Wang is indeed heinous, and unless he condemns it, he can't quell his anger and resentment, thus affirming that he is a god-fearing punishment. Come down to mobilize the battle, put forward the operational requirements, act in unison, and organize the lineup. We should bravely kill the enemy like a tiger: "This matter is not satisfied with six or seven steps, but ends with neatness." Master, alas! Four, five, six, seven emotions don't stop, just stop and tidy. Alas, master! Businessmen, like tigers and bears, are doing business in the suburbs "That is to say: when soldiers attack in array, they will stop to arrange the lineup in no more than six or seven steps; A battle, no more than four or five rounds or six or seven rounds, must stop to sort out the lineup; In particular, we must fight hard, be brave, and use the strength of wild animals to fight on the battlefield. Finally, warn not to violate the law and military discipline: declare operational discipline and encourage soldiers to kill the enemy bravely. The article said: "My husband lived in Ke Ben to serve the western soil. Alas, master! What you did was embarrassing. "King Wu strictly explained how to deal with the order of prisoners: not to kill people from the Shang and Zhou armies, but to take over them and make them serve the Western Zhou people to disintegrate the enemy; If you don't try your best, you will be put to death.

Although Shangshu is the "ancestor of writing ci", its achievements in narrative art should not be underestimated. Compared with Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Jinwen and Yijing, Shangshu is not a broken word, nor a simple paragraph, but a written article, which begins to emphasize hierarchy, meaning, clear order and complete beginning and end, and becomes the forerunner of narrative prose. Pastoral oath is one of the most important representatives. It has a relatively complete structural format from the beginning, which can clearly record the time, place and people of this oath. Then, first state that the enemy's sins are unforgivable, then state that we must fight against destiny, and then express restraint, reward and punishment. Finally, the oath to inspire soldiers is clear, focused, complete and orderly. It can be said that Pastoral Oath is one of the representative works of prose with relatively complete text structure in China and one of the earliest representative works of military literature in China.

Creative background:

In February 1066 BC, Zhou Wuwang led 300 chariots, 3,000 warriors, more than 40,000 soldiers and 4,000 vassal chariots to fight a decisive battle with Zhou Wang's army. Zhou Wang also sent 700,000 troops to resist King Wu. Before the war, King Wu encouraged the vassals to March forward bravely, and historians recorded the oath of King Wu and wrote the pastoral oath.

Express the theme:

The Grazing Oath is an article in Shangshu (listed in Zhou Shu), which ranks 13th, and the author is unknown. This article describes Zhou Wuwang's oath before the final battle of Mu Ye. The content is to guide subordinate generals and allied tribes to know why to attack, how to deploy and attack, and how to deal with prisoners. The article is only 242 words and a few words, which clearly and completely describes the important joints of the incident. The language is concise and rich, which can be described as concise; The article also uses a variety of rhetorical devices to enhance the vividness and appeal of narrative reasoning, including metaphor, antithesis, parallelism and quotation.

Famous comments:

Yu, an archaeologist, said, "The Grazing Oath is a collection of idioms borrowed from Shangshu Taishi Oath, which was written by people in the Warring States Period. ..... It can be seen that compared with the Five Letters of Shangshu, the examples in Pastoral Oath are fragmented and full of loopholes, so it can be concluded that they are not written at the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty. " On the writing characteristics of Shangshu Pastoral Oath? [2]?

Chen Shuguo, a professor at Yuelu Academy, wrote Shangshu: "The famous swearing-in scene before the battle of Makino in China's history, and later readers can appreciate its general situation from the article" Grazing Oath ". Zhou Wuwang and Ji Fa, who took the oath of war, still did not forget to criticize Shang and Zhou Dynasties, which boosted morale and maintained strict military discipline. This is an order to enter the battlefield, and this is an oath to win the war. "

Extended reading:

Pastoral oath is an important document to study the history of the Western Zhou Dynasty, which has high historical value. Zhou Benji, a Historical Records, is quoted in full, which proves that Zhou Benji is a real ancient book, Shangshu, not a fake. 1March, 976, bronze wares of the Western Zhou Dynasty were unearthed in Lintong, Shaanxi. The inscriptions on bronzes in the Western Zhou Dynasty are exactly the same as the pastoral oath, which provides a material basis for the pastoral oath as a faithful history. Traditionally, Zhou Wang is a typical example of brutality and debauchery. Judging from the crimes listed in Zhou Wuwang's Pastoral Oath, it seems that Zhou Wang is not as bad as the tradition says. There are always different opinions on the evaluation of Yin, which needs further research.