Read the following materials: For a long time, historians have different views on the origin of the Cold War. Historians represented by Zhu Peifen believe that the Cold War was

(1) You can score

Read the following materials: For a long time, historians have different views on the origin of the Cold War. Historians represented by Zhu Peifen believe that the Cold War was

(1) You can score (5 points) by arbitrarily selecting one of the viewpoints for discussion.

Viewpoint 1: 1947, the United States put forward Truman Doctrine and launched the Cold War; 1948 The Marshall Plan was implemented, which strengthened the power of Western Europe to contain the Soviet Union; 1949, the NATO military bloc was established, just like containing the Soviet Union. (5 points)

Viewpoint 2: In view of Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan, the Soviet Union and Eastern European countries set up the CMEA in 1949; In order to fight against NATO group, 1955, Eastern European countries and the Soviet Union organized the Warsaw Pact. (5 points)

(2) the gap between developed industrialized capitalist countries and backward traditional agricultural countries (the gap between capitalist countries in Europe and America and colonial and semi-colonial countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America); The confrontation between social system and ideology; (The confrontation between capitalism and socialist system) (4 points)

(3) dialectical evaluation; (1) The Cold War led to an arms race between the United States and the Soviet Union, which brought the world to the brink of destruction and war, but also avoided the outbreak of a new world war; The cold war led to the division of the world; But also conducive to regional integration (3 points)

Test analysis:

(1) Material 1 lists two viewpoints: historians, represented by Zhu Peifen, believe that the Cold War was brewed by the United States and the Soviet Union was only a passive fighter. Historians with Shen Zhien as a ghostwriter believe that the Cold War was a two-way process, the result of actions of both sides, and was not unilaterally launched by the United States against the Soviet Union. You can choose any one of these viewpoints for discussion, but you need sufficient arguments and rigorous argumentation.

(2) Material 2 holds that "there has been a vertical development fault in the world since16th century", which refers to the gap between capitalist countries in Europe and America and colonial and semi-colonial countries in Asia, Africa and Latin America; "After World War II, the world has undergone a horizontal structural division", that is, the two camps of capitalism and socialism are sharply opposed and struggling.

(3) Both materials adopt the viewpoint of dialectical materialism to dialectically evaluate the Cold War. The second question, based on textbook knowledge, makes a comprehensive and objective evaluation of the Cold War from both positive and negative aspects.

Comments: After the Second World War, the world political pattern experienced the formation of bipolar pattern, the emergence of multipolarization trend, the disintegration of bipolar pattern and the strengthening of multipolarization trend. The performance of the "Cold War", the international relations under the "Cold War", the hegemony of the United States and the Soviet Union, and the multi-polarization are the key points of the college entrance examination proposition, and the proposition is mostly set with graphic materials. In the form of multiple-choice questions, students' ability to understand, judge and recognize major historical events and historical phenomena is investigated. When reviewing and preparing for the exam, we should continue to pay attention to the understanding and memory of important historical concepts and events such as Truman Doctrine, Marshall Plan, German Division, Korean Peninsula Division, Korean War, Vietnam War and Cuban Missile Crisis. Pay attention to the performance of the multipolarization trend of the world pattern and the characteristics of the world situation after the disintegration of the bipolar pattern, and highlight the understanding of the performance of the United States in the evolution of the world political pattern after World War II.