Tell me about the communication industry where I worked.

In this issue, I will talk to you about the communication industry where I once worked. Recently, all kinds of information have flooded, including chatting with Huawei's classmates, which really touched me a lot. Think about it. My undergraduate major is communication engineering, and then my postgraduate major is information and communication engineering. I studied the history and professional courses of communication from the undergraduate course, and later I went to the communication company and was influenced by some communication culture and feelings. All right, let's talk!

In fact, at this point in time, China's communication industry is actually doing well, at least in the leading position in the 5G era. Our communication industry has experienced decades of development and changes. Many people may not know much about the development process along the way and the story of generations of correspondents catching up with each other, which will be explained soon.

To talk about China communication, of course, the earliest is the fixed-line era, that is, the era of program-controlled switches mentioned in the textbooks of communication engineering courses. Because during this period, all the communication equipment used in China was imported, after all, the key core technologies were in the hands of developed countries such as the United States, Europe and Japan. Therefore, in the 1980s, a popular concept in the communication industry was called "seven countries and eight systems", which meant that there were always eight models or networks from seven countries in our market, namely NEC and Fujitsu in Japan, Lucent in the United States, Nortel in Canada, Ericsson in Sweden, Siemens in Germany, BTM in Belgium and Alcatel in France, while ZTE and Huawei did not arrive one after another until the middle and late 1980s.

Today, our parents should still remember how important it was to install a telephone at home in the 1980s and 1990s, because it would cost thousands of dollars to install only a fixed telephone. The reason is that it is a luxury to have a fixed telephone at home when all communication equipment is imported, and the installation fee and communication fee are high.

This situation continued until 1990, when the first ZX500 developed by ZTE in PBX came out, which gradually broke the technological monopoly and barriers in the West.

At that time, I remember that I participated in the training of the company after the school recruited, and I also heard some interesting things. For example, at that time, we bought a communication device from others, and a broken iron plate needed to be replaced, which also cost others tens of dollars. When we bid abroad, China Communication Company made all kinds of beautiful PPT films to tell our customers about the business, technology and services that China Communication Company can provide, while Ericsson's PPT film is only one or two pages. The only PPT film shows a map of the world, and the map is full of small red flags indicating their products ...

This is an era when our communication industry is divided up!

The so-called 1G era is what we call the "mobile era", which happened in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The so-called 1G communication actually uses analog communication technology, and the communication rate is very low. In this era, our mobile communication industry is almost in a blank stage. Until June 1987 1 1, Guangdong opened the first mobile communication network in China, and a brick-sized mobile phone terminal, commonly known as "mobile phone", appeared for the first time in Chinese mainland market. It was not until 200 1 that China Mobile began to switch from analog network to network and officially closed the 1G analog mobile phone network.

Then in 2007, we started a brand-new era of 2G digital communication. Then some people will ask: Is there a gap of 20 years from the prologue of 1987 to the opening of the 2G era in 2007? Is there no iteration in the product? That's because there are various transitional products and stages between 1G and 2G, including but not limited to pagers around 1998, IC phones around 2002 and PHS around 2004.

There are two communication protocols in the 2G era, namely GSM in Europe and CMDA in the United States, and the communication rate is about tens of kbps. Therefore, in the 2G era, Europe and the United States are just fighting for hegemony. Of course, China in this era began to follow the world trend.

It is worth mentioning that the most famous communication giants in this era are Nokia and Ericsson, which originated in Europe. In just ten years, Nokia has become the largest supplier of communication equipment in the world. I don't know if you remember, but almost everyone who has a mobile phone in the street is a Nokia phone …

3G refers to the third generation mobile communication technology. Compared with the first generation 1G analog communication and the second generation 2G digital communication, the third generation transmission is more stable and faster, and the diversity of services is gradually emerging. In the 3G era, images and music can be transmitted relatively fast, but mainly in the picture era, the speed is actually not fast, and the speed is between 144Kbps-2Mbps.

In the 3G era, Europe, America and China are fighting each other. Have you noticed that China has gradually started to participate in the formulation of standards and made a breakthrough? WCDMA in Europe, CDMA 2000 in the United States and TD-SCDMA in China have become the three main standards of 3G. Of course, the most important technology in the 3G era is CDMA, which is a patent of Qualcomm. CDMA has shown great advantages because of its large system capacity, high frequency utilization, strong anti-interference ability, soft capacity and soft handover.

At the end of 2008, China began to issue 3G licenses, but 3G terminals did not become popular until around 20 10. At that time, we just used our mobile phones to chat on QQ and send text and pictures. I still remember when I was an undergraduate, everyone used Nokia N series slide phones. Of course, Android phones gradually appeared at this time, such as Motorola's Defy phone. At that time, the highest-end 3G mobile phone should be the iPhone 3GS released by Apple in 2009.

Of course, in the 3G era, China's communication industry has also begun to usher in a breakthrough. In 2009, China issued three 3G licenses, namely, TD-SCDMA of China Mobile, W-CDMA of China Unicom and CDMA 2000 of China Telecom, among which Unicom, which got the best license (WCDMA was the most widely used in 3G era), also surpassed Mobile in 3G era.

In 20 14, it began to enter the 4G era, mainly based on LTE. The 4G era benefited from the large market in China, and the three major operators (China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom) made great efforts to build the world's largest 4G network. Moreover, the implementation speed of 4G is very fast, and its popularity is also very high. Before we experienced a long period of expectation and brewing, 4G equipment and terminals have been used in our hands.

Of course, in addition to 4G, there is a 4G+ behind it. 4G+ is a new generation of 4G network, which can be said to be an upgraded version of 4G network. The peak speed of 4G+ has improved a lot. 4G+ downlink peak is 300Mbps, and uplink peak can reach 50Mbps. 4G+ is the mainstream stage we are now in, and our mainstream mobile phone is the version that supports 4G+.

Starting from 20 18, the prelude of the era of Internet of Everything, which was created by a series of keywords such as artificial intelligence, virtual reality, big video and Internet of Things, has basically begun. ZTE and Huawei have built and passed several 5G networks in several experimental bureaus, and 5G terminals have appeared one after another (although the price of 5G terminals has reached an average of five digits). At this moment, I can't help but think of a joke on the Internet: "Ah, in the 5G era, if I forget to turn off my mobile phone network overnight, will it go bankrupt?" This also vividly illustrates the high speed of 5G communication from the side, which is many times higher than 4G communication.

When it comes to 5G, ZTE and Huawei are still very competitive, and they are also the two major equipment manufacturers in China that can compete with the outside world and lead the world.

Therefore, to sum up the 30-year development of China's communication industry, it has gone through the brilliant road of 1G blank, 2G follow-up, 3G breakthrough, 4G parallel and 5G leading. Still amazing and proud!

When I hear Huawei and ZTE, I think of mobile phones. Every time there is news, everyone shouts to support Huawei, and you will buy Huawei mobile phones. It should be said that mobile phones are really only one aspect of ZTE and Huawei's business, and at best, they can only be regarded as a small part of the terminal business, and this is only for ordinary consumers. Compared with mobile phones, Huawei and ZTE have many huge business systems, and there are countless services and solutions for enterprise customers and operator customers, including a series of products and services in special industries such as access network, bearer network, core network, optical communication, multimedia, cloud computing, virtualization and even energy.

In addition, communication equipment and products are actually a highly integrated body, involving a whole long and long industrial chain. Companies such as Huawei and ZTE cannot avoid long industrial chains and external dependence. This must be a win-win situation for global cooperation. Tesla's innovation is amazing, but many models like the Model series have been under-productive. Why, they depend on others; Samsung empire is extremely powerful, but without the authorization of ARM, some chip manufacturing may also be affected; Even if Apple is in full swing, its advantages are concentrated in the design of operating system, ecological chain and whole machine products. If some partners are removed, it is estimated that the business will be blocked. There are many chestnuts, and this kind of global cooperation can continue to develop.

Like what happened in ZTE that year, it is estimated that all the gossip there is unprofessional, or even people who have never been engaged in the communication industry at all. After all, no high-tech enterprise can achieve full coverage of upstream and downstream links, and it is still necessary to treat this matter objectively and fairly.

Many people will ask me when they communicate with me through the private message of WeChat official account: What is the communication industry like? Is it a sunset industry? I have signed a contract with ZTE or Huawei. Should I go? A little afraid of regret or something. I think so, too. The communication industry is just an explosive growth period, but it is definitely not a sunset industry. At least the current 5G is very interesting. People think too much.

In addition, from the perspective of the development of the whole communication industry, Huawei and ZTE are obvious to all in the fierce domestic and international competition environment. Huawei and ZTE are also one of the few companies in the world that can provide "end-to-end" solutions. Looking around the world, where are the giants such as Bell, Nortel, Alcatel, Lucent, Motorola and Siemens now? Globally, Huawei, Nokia, Ericsson and ZTE are the only giants in the communications industry.

In addition, the technology of the communication company is still very good, and it is sure to learn something, whether it is business or technology, or standardized processes and norms. Even if not, Huawei and ZTE are excellent springboard. If you have made a choice, don't think too much, work hard, and there will be a day of your own!

Analysis on the Rise of China Communication:/Articles/2018/0514/186513. shtml