Introduction to the artistic characteristics of Ming furniture

Besides decoration, furniture is another troublesome part of the new home. Imagine coming home from work after a busy day and looking at these artistic furniture. Visual enjoyment can drive the whole body to relax. At this time, the importance of furniture is reflected. In terms of furniture style, many friends do not know how to choose. And there are many styles of furniture on the market now, but some of them lack a trace of ancient rhyme. Let Tu Tu recommend it to you today-Ming Furniture.

Let's learn about Ming furniture first. The Ming Dynasty was the heyday of China's cultural and artistic development, with a wide range of arts and mature skills. This is also reflected in furniture. By the middle and late Ming dynasty, furniture had shown the idea of "simplicity"; The modeling, manufacturing technology and style characteristics of furniture have been established; There are all kinds of furniture. It reached the peak in the history of China furniture. Later, after the Qing Dynasty, it produced one artwork after another that attracted worldwide attention, and it has continued to this day, forming a well-known China furniture-Ming furniture.

Ming-style furniture is an important part of China furniture art and one of the important achievements in the history of arts and crafts in China.

Ming style furniture has a simple, steady, dignified and beautiful style. Such as the official hat chair, there are two styles: the south official hat chair and the fourth grade. The back of the south official hat chair is mostly made into an "S"-shaped curve, with several squares in the middle and horizontally, or a group of simple patterns are carved, and the bottom grid is inlaid with downward toothed plates, and a group of hook lotus patterns are embossed. Its material can be round, square, curved and straight, and the edges and corners are rounded to form soft rounded corners, which is in contrast with the tall and straight chair type and is very beautiful. Both ends of the backrest and the front corner of the armrest in their early forties are not soft rounded corners, but the backrest and the armrest beam are slightly bent backward and outward through the column, forming a subtle and smooth curve, and the ends are polished into round heads, giving people a soft and comfortable feeling. The lines of the backrest are designed according to the natural curve of the back of the human body, and one thing can be used for multiple purposes. Its beautiful and clear wood grain and modern modeling technology make it a perfect outstanding design and excellent handicraft.

The structure of Ming furniture is very scientific and reasonable. For example, Ming-style furniture, cabinets with outstanding achievements, and many amazing structural designs. The Ming dynasty was very particular about cabinets, and cabinets with different uses had different requirements. Wen Zhenheng, a scholar in Ming Dynasty, wrote "Chronicle of History": "The bookcase should hold ten thousand volumes, and the wider it is, the more ancient it is. But the depth can only accommodate one volume, that is, more than ten feet wide, and two doors must be used instead of four or six. A small cupboard is elegant with a seat and vulgar with four feet. If you use it enough, you will be more than a foot tall. It's only two feet to use the cupboard temple, so you don't have to fold two cupboards. Cupboards and halls are elegant when they are empty, and small cupboards more than two feet square should be equipped with bronze, jade and small utensils. In the Ming dynasty, there was a so-called "stuffy cabinet", which was similar to a console table in form and had drawers at the bottom. Two drawers are called "union cabinets", three drawers are called "union cabinets", and there is a stuffy warehouse under the drawers, which can accommodate all drawers, hence the name. A cupboard is a kind of furniture between a cupboard and a cupboard. Generally small, equivalent to a console table. The counter can be used as a table top, and drawers can be installed under the table top. Drawers are equipped with doors, and wooden boards can be divided into upper and lower floors. It has a unique style in indoor furnishings and has always been loved by people. In addition, there is a "four-piece cabinet", also known as "top cabinet", which is a kind of combined furniture. A small cabinet is placed on a vertical cabinet with the same width and depth, which is convenient and flexible to use. It is a kind of furniture that accounts for a considerable proportion in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Larger furniture, such as long-legged cabinets, is also very distinctive in structure. Its four sides and legs are made of a whole piece of wood. Because they are all round materials, they are also called "corner cabinets". Corner cabinets are characterized by stability, generosity and durability. Best of all, although the door is large in size, it doesn't need any loading and unloading tools. But adopt a door shaft structure. The upper and lower ends of the door frame near the cabinet edge are provided with shaft heads longer than the cabinet door, and the two ends are inserted into the circular holes at the top of the door frame, and the door shaft is aligned with the circular holes, so that the cabinet door can be conveniently closed and the door can be conveniently dismounted. However, if the door is not opened to 90 degrees, the door cabinet can be removed anyway, so this structure is simple, but very safe, which fully embodies the wisdom of ancient furniture design.

The material structure of furniture in Ming dynasty was generally tenon-mortise structure, and nails or glue were rarely used. The above-mentioned artistic features of Ming-style furniture are closely related to this unique technology and structural principle.

Such as the "edge-saving board" technology in Ming furniture. The so-called "edge-saving board" is the general practice of making desktop or board door in furniture. This method has been used in wood products processing in China for thousands of years. For wood furniture, the expansion and contraction of wood is the most difficult technical difficulty to control. If this difficulty cannot be properly solved, furniture is prone to surface fracture. The so-called "edge saving" means making a frame with four edges. "Board surface" refers to the wide surfaces or doors of several tables, tables, chairs, stools, doors and cabinets. The panel is made of edge-saving panel technology, and the center of the panel is set in the middle of four borders. Generally, the center of the plate is a flat thin plate, and the material with edges is thicker than the center of the plate. Where two edges intersect, use a 45-degree grid tenon. The inner side of the edge is provided with a through groove, the four sides of the plate core are provided with tenons and embedded in the through groove, and the inner surface of the plate core is provided with a dovetail groove for the belt to pass through the groove. Although the center of the plate is thin, there is no danger of tilting because of the groove. The four sides are integrated with the whole furniture structure, which is firm and motionless, while the central core has enough expansion space. The two biggest advantages of this method are: first, the materials are economical, and the best board can be used for the board surface, while the boards with scars and holes can be used for the edges or legs, so that the use of wood can be reasonably distributed and the utilization rate of high-quality wood can be effectively improved. In addition, wood grain is a very important aesthetic factor of wood board. The texture formed by the wood circle is beautiful with flat flowers and side flowers, and the cross-sectional pattern should be hidden. Because of the edge-saving technology, the exposure of cross-sectional patterns is completely avoided, so the texture beauty of wood is fully displayed. Second, the service life of furniture is greatly prolonged, because the edge-leaving process reserves room for expansion. Any board that is too wide is easy to expand with heat and contract with cold, and it will never break, especially the bracket part will not burst and deform because of the expansion and contraction of the board core, which is very beneficial to improve the utilization rate of wood and the service life of furniture.

Tu Tu summed it up. The main artistic features of Ming-style furniture are simple and lively modeling and reasonable and firm structure. Moreover, the lines designed are smooth and lively, which makes people feel that there is no sense of disobedience, and the degree of decoration is well mastered. More cumbersome, less lacking. This kind of furniture design is rare. Antique furniture can also experience a simple and natural antique life at home. Friends you like can learn more about it.

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