Parametric design theory and development of tall buildings?

What is the theory of parametric design for tall buildings? What is the development history? Please see the article edited by Zhongda Consulting.

1 Overview of Parametric Design System for Buildings

Parametric design of buildings is a process by which designers develop different design schemes based on different engineering and geometric relationships [1]. In order to meet the design requirements, not only need to consider the initial engineering parameters and dimensions, but also need to ensure that these basic relationships will not be affected when the design parameters change. Parameters are mainly divided into two categories: one is the size value, also known as variable parameters; the second is the spatial geometric information of each element, also known as invariant parameters. The essence of parametric design is to ensure that the invariant parameters remain constant at all times under the action of variable parameters.

Parametric design is only a means of solving architectural problems and is not limited to a specific building type. This paper systematically explores the relationship between the complexity of high-rise buildings and the theory of parametric design, and gives a detailed introduction to the application of parametric design in architectural design. In contemporary architecture, non-linear form buildings account for the vast majority of buildings, non-linear form buildings have more complex characteristics, and traditional methods are difficult to solve the design problems in them. Due to the superiority of parametric design technology, it can be well adapted to the design needs of nonlinear form buildings. Therefore, parametric means can also be used to carry out the design of ordinary form buildings, and can also well solve and optimize the problems existing in the traditional methods.

2 Parametric Design Theory and Development of High-Rise Buildings

2.1 Complexity of High-Rise Buildings and Parametric Design

The parametric model of high-rise buildings not only embodies the characteristics of the building system, but also provides an adequate interpretation of the complexity of high-rise buildings. In the past design aids are limited, most architects can only think about the program of architectural design in their minds, and drawing on sketches can only be a fragment of thinking in their minds. Therefore, the complexity of high-rise buildings has a more obvious reflection in the creative process, and it is difficult for architects to get an understandable cognition in the design process. Parametric design can be a good interpretation of the complexity of the building, specifically reflected in two aspects.

1) The design process of parametric design is visual. Using parametric design technology, all the design elements in the architectural design process and the design logic that associates these elements together can be directly reflected. This intuitive design process, the image shows a large number of high-rise buildings, a wide variety of each "individual", as well as the intricate logical relationship between each "individual", so that the complex characteristics of high-rise buildings can be clearly recognized.

2)Parametric design of high-rise buildings on the complexity of the interpretation is also manifested in its changes in the form of the building. Parametric design technology has the characteristics of design model data, architectural designers can through the model, boldly try a variety of architectural shapes, simulation, and solve the problems that may arise in the actual construction process.

2.2 Two trends of parametric design method for high-rise buildings

1) The tendency based on complexity science theory. As the level of computer technology continues to improve, so that architects have a newer understanding of the complexity and contradictions of high-rise buildings, many designers adhering to the theory of complexity in their practice works, expressing the contradictions and conflicts of the building [2]. However, the imagination of human mind is limited after all, and the expression of complexity cannot achieve a complete interpretation of architectural complexity. Parametric technology is different, it first sets up the initial parameters, and then adds the influencing factors, and sets up the generation logic, and finally forms the graphic information in the parametric program. This graphic information has the shape of the building prototype, but also the plane of the composition of the relationship between the existence of many forms of results, is the interpretation of the complexity of the building a feasible path, is to further deepen the basis of the design.

The discipline of complexity is broadly embedded in all aspects of architectural design, which makes the starting point for architects in the practice of parametric design is characterized by diversity. From a philosophical point of view, architects can use parametric design tools to synthesize buildings with philosophical allegorical forms; from the point of view of complex shapes, designers can use parametric design tools to directly generate complex architectural forms. No matter from what purpose, such diverse applications of parametric design tools have greatly promoted the joint development of it and architectural design. Therefore, it can be said that parametric design technology based on complexity science theory is one of the main trends of parametric design for high-rise buildings in the future.

2) The tendency as a universal design tool. Another tendency of parametric design of high-rise buildings is to use it as an optimization process to answer architectural design problems in the process of architectural design, and to deal with the difficult engineering problems highlighted in the traditional architectural design in a more reasonable way. This parametric design technique for high-rise buildings is mainly used to modify the design prototype that has been formed, and is less often applied to the direct generation of design concepts.

3 Parametric design of high-rise buildings development outlook

Computer technology on the development of parametric design technology for high-rise buildings is a great constraint on the development of computer technology in the future, will greatly improve the maturity of parametric design technology. At present, there are many software related to parametric design, on the one hand, it can be seen that the parametric design software has diversity, but on the other hand, it also reflects that the development of parametric design technology is not yet comprehensive, the software function is generally not strong, the design coverage is not broad enough. Therefore, the development of computer technology is the primary task of developing parametric design technology for high-rise buildings. In addition, at the level of technical application, the parametric design technology of high-rise buildings needs to be continuously promoted and popularized to increase the architectural designers' understanding of parametric design and broaden the application of the technology. In our country, parametric design still stays in solving the problem of complex building forms, and the mainstream building forms still follow the traditional design method, which undoubtedly limits the development of parametric design technology.

The above is collected and organized by Zhongda Consulting

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