Ways to introduce you to _______ (expository essay, 600 words or more)

II. Focus and Difficulty Analysis:

1. Mastering the do's and don'ts of writing an expository essay;

2. Paying attention to the problems that tend to arise in writing an expository essay;

3. Writing an expository essay.

III. New Lesson:

An expository essay is a style of writing that describes things objectively, with the purpose of giving knowledge: or characterizing the state or nature and function of things; or explaining the development and change of things; or elaborating a certain kind of reasoning; or explaining the relationship between things.

On the whole, expository essays are divided into two main types: things that describe the characteristics of things and clarify things.

(A) Notes on the Writing of Expository Essays:

1. To Capture the Characteristics of a Thing

Anything has its own characteristics, which are the most essential and the most important aspects of the thing that distinguish it from other things. Therefore, in order to introduce this thing clearly, you must grasp its characteristics, in order to have the accuracy to speak of; not only to write a description of the text so, read the description of the text is also the same to grasp the characteristics of the thing, in order to clearly understand the author of the things introduced.

2. To choose a good point of view

The characteristics of things, often with diversity. Examining the same thing from different perspectives, it will be found that it has more than one characteristic. The diversity of things characterized by such examples are numerous. Because of this, we are required to explain things according to the different purposes of writing, the reader object, choose a good angle, determine the focus, detailed and abbreviated description.

3. To reasonably arrange the order of description

To be able to put a thing (or thing) of the characteristics of accurate, clear description, but also according to the thing itself and its inherent characteristics of the organization, choose a reasonable order to explain. The so-called reasonable, refers to in accordance with the characteristics of things and in line with the premise of the laws of understanding taken by a convenient to say clearly, but also easy to make people understand the order of the description.

The common order of description are:

(1) to explain the process of development of a thing, often according to the formation of things in the chronological order of description;

(2) to explain the construction of a thing, often according to the combination of things in the order of the order of the parts or people to observe the things of the order to carry out the description of the order of the (general use of the spatial order, but also use logical order);

(3) to illustrate the interrelationship of certain things and their characteristics of the main expository essay, often in accordance with the first general and then local to illustrate;

to illustrate the scientific experiments of the main expository essays, often in accordance with the order of the experiments themselves to illustrate;

......

Finally, it is pointed out that a reasonable order has a certain degree of flexibility, and requires more practice and diligent summarization of the accumulation.

4. To properly use a variety of illustrative methods

Appropriate and flexible use of a variety of illustrative methods, is conducive to the things (or things) introduced clearly, vividly explained. Commonly used methods of illustration are: definition, classification, figures, examples, comparisons, analogies, drawing diagrams, citing information and so on. Which method to choose from the need to start, but also depends on the author's own writing habits, but most of the integrated use of a variety of methods of description, so that the article vivid image, easy for readers to introduce things (or things) of knowledge and understanding.

5. The language of the explanatory essay should be precise, concise, popular

(1) precise: the scientific and professional content of the explanatory essay is relatively strong, it requires that the language should be precise, and can not be exaggerated and minimized. For example, a student knows that their school planted a lot of trees, greening well, he wrote in the "our campus" article: "Our school's green area in the city's secondary schools in the first place." There is a lack of accuracy in writing this way. If someone asks, "How much green space does your school have? How do you know that all other schools are inferior to your school?" I'm afraid that this student will not be able to answer, because he only knows that the school greening is good, but not enough time to carry out a careful investigation and research. Therefore, the sentence can be changed to: "At present, the greening of our school is one of the best schools in the city." The addition of the word "currently" excludes "past" and "future"; the addition of "one of" is not "the only one". That would be more precise.

Language is accurate, first of all, the word is accurate. Description of the most taboo ambiguity, ambiguity, the affirmative is not sure, the negative is not negative, used to illustrate things is not easy to do just right. Chinese stone arch bridge" article has this paragraph: "Zhaozhou Bridge across the Xiao River ...... was built in about six hundred and five years AD, and now it has been more than 1,300 years, but also maintains the original majestic ...... Zhaozhou Bridge is very majestic, with a total length of fifty point eighty-two meters, about nine point six meters wide at both ends, and slightly narrower in the middle, about nine meters wide."

The numbers in this passage are either approximate or definite. Because Zhaozhou Bridge was built in which year, the history books have been unable to find conclusive records, so can only say an approximate number; and the length of Zhaozhou Bridge, but accurate to two decimal places, which not only to show that there is a bridge, but also from these specific and accurate figures, can be seen in our country's ancient wisdom of the working people. Write an explanatory essay, we must work hard to choose the "most appropriate", "the most accurate" language to express.

(2) concise: concise language, that is, concise, clean, with as few words as possible, to make things clear, do not repeat themselves, drag the mud. For example, "the snow drowned the railroad without a trace", "swimming in the water should pay attention to what", these two sentences in the "without a trace" and "water "should be deleted.

In order to achieve the language of expository essay concise, but also to prevent unnecessary "derivation" and "moral". Some students are accustomed to writing narrative essays, like to describe and describe, the first to learn to write an illustration, and sometimes have to come to some of the "derivation" and "allegory". For example, there is an introduction to the "pine and willow" of the illustration, the end is written:

"We need to learn both the strong character of the pine tree, but also to learn where the willow tree planted, where the spirit of the roots."

The article, naturally, can be written in this way, there is no need to explain the article, written instead of "snake", not concise.

(3) commonplace: common language, is the use of the masses to understand the smooth words, the abstract concepts were said to be specific and vivid, the original esoteric reasoning that is easy to understand. Here, let's look at this description:

Thousands of years, the working people have paid attention to the grass and trees, migratory birds and other natural phenomena with the relationship between the climate, according to the arrangement of agricultural affairs. The apricot blossoms bloomed, as if the nature in the message to quickly plow the land; peach blossoms bloomed, and as if in the hint to quickly plant the grain, the cuckoo began to sing, the working people know what it sings: "Grandpa and Grandma, cut the wheat into the wood." In this way, it seems that the scent of the flowers and the birds, and the long grass and the warblers, are all the language of nature.

These natural phenomena, we ancient working people called it weather.

The above example is an illustration of what physical weather is. The author uses common language and the description is specific and vivid. It makes clear the relationship between climate change and animal activity, plant growth, and agricultural production.

The language of an explanatory essay should be commonplace, not that it should not be vivid and interesting. Mr. Ye Shengtao said in the "article example words": "illustration essay is not necessarily a face to speak, illustration essay is not to bring a little fun." Some illustrative essays use personification, simile, quotation and other rhetorical devices, written in a very interesting obscurantist. For example:

①With chemical friends, crops are not afraid of the attack of biological enemies.

②The dragonfly is known as the "king of flight" in insects. In the sultry summer, rainstorms will come or the first break in the rain, dragonflies often in groups of three or five in the air. It is like an airplane, but the flying skill is far higher than the airplane.

③"The white dew is early, the cold dew is late, and it's the right time to plant wheat in the fall equinox." This is a popular agricultural proverb in central North China. This proverb shows that planting crops depends on the season.

Example ① is written in the style of anthropomorphism, which is quite interesting to read. Example ② compared the dragonfly and the airplane, apt and vivid, so that the thing being described becomes easy to understand. Example ③ cited proverbs, explaining the relationship between the season and the planting of crops in layman's terms.

Exercise Commentary

[Example] Water

On Earth, water is the most widely distributed substance. It can be said that the earth is full of water abode. How much water is there on Earth? Some people roughly estimate that the amount of water on the entire planet, including air, ground and underground water, the total **** nearly 1.4 billion cubic kilometers.

Water is a colorless and transparent liquid, but why the sea is blue, and the lake is turquoise? It turns out that this is the sunlight to color them. Sunlight in the red, orange and yellow light these longer light waves are absorbed by different depths of the water, blue light, violet light and part of the shorter wavelengths of green light, a water surface will be dispersed or reflected back. So the lake water is blue with green. Seawater is deeper, scattering, reflecting more blue and violet light, it is flooded with turquoise blue.

Pure water heated to 100 ℃ will boil, down to 0 ℃ below to freeze. In the mountains, as long as the water heated to more than 80 ℃ will boil; sea level, as long as the water boils around 72 ℃; mine, the water to more than 100 ℃ before boiling.

In nature, water is not moving all the time, not changing, but all changes are not the same, it basically exists in three places: in the air, underground, the surface; its basic form is three kinds: gas, liquid and solid.

[Commentary] The first impression of this article is 'scattered', the main problem is not according to a certain center of the organization of the material, the order of arrangement, just east to catch a little, west to catch a little, an aspect of the only said a few sentences, and then rushed to say on the other hand. The result is that no one can understand what is going on.

Everything in the world, have their own qualitative provisions, a thing is characterized by the sign of distinction from other things. We want to explain a thing, we must grasp the characteristics of this thing, in order to be able to explain the things accurately and clearly introduced to the reader, so that people have a precise and understandable understanding of this thing. But things and things are different from each other, some things of the form, nature, development, etc. is relatively simple, we illustrate this kind of things, may wish to spread the face of a little open; some things of the form, features, etc. is complex and varied, and often have a lot of aspects of the characteristics. When we introduce such things, it is not possible in a description of all, only according to the need to talk about one or two features at a time. When writing an expository essay on such things, more attention should be paid to grasping a clear description of the center, and use this to arrange the order of description. 'Water' the main problem of this article is not to grasp the center of an illustration, and to organize the material, arrange the order, thus giving the impression that the article is scattered and chaotic, what problems are not clear. For example, water is a liquid, and has the characteristics of colorless, odorless, tasteless, can be illustrated in this way:

[Example] Water

What kind of object is water?

Water is liquid. Stones and blocks of wood have a certain shape, and whether they are placed on a table or in a box, they do not change their shape, they are solids. Water is different, when you put it in a round cup it becomes round, when you put it in a square box it becomes square, it doesn't have a certain shape.

Water is colorless and transparent. Some people say that water is white, which is wrong. If you compare water with milk, you will see that milk is white and water has no color at all. If we insert a chopstick into milk, we cannot see it. If we insert a chopstick into water, we can see the chopstick through the water.

Water is odorless and tasteless. How can we tell the difference between colorless, transparent soju and water? With the naked eye alone, there is no way. Just smell and taste it and you will be able to distinguish it correctly. Soju has the smell and taste of wine, while water has no smell or taste at all.

Therefore, under normal circumstances, water is a colorless, odorless, tasteless liquid.

[Commentary] This expository essay seizes the characteristic of 'water is a colorless, odorless and tasteless liquid' as the center of the essay, organizes the materials around this center, and chooses the method of comparative illustration by comparing the shape of water with a block of wood or a stone, comparing the color of water with milk, and comparing the smell and taste of water with soju. After comparing each other, the characteristics of water are fully displayed.

In the process of describing things, in order to highlight some of the more abstract, unfamiliar, it is difficult to tell the characteristics of the things, to enhance the effect of the description, often have to use the comparative method of description. 'Comparison is the only way to identify', comparison is a common way of thinking when people know things, familiar things or common sense to go and abstract, unfamiliar things or reasons for comparison, so that we have an understanding of things, so that the reader produces from the other side of the table and inside the process of understanding, and ultimately to fully understand the characteristics of things. Characteristics. This is because the characteristics of a thing can often be revealed in comparison with another thing. It should be pointed out here that the prerequisite for comparison is to find out the comparison between things can be worth comparing **** the same point, and then can be compared to the same way to seek differences, to illustrate the respective characteristics of things. In other words, when making a comparison, there must be a point of similarity in order to make a comparison. Take the above! When comparing the form of an object, compare water to a stone or a block of wood; when comparing the color of an object, compare water to milk. If, on the contrary, water and milk are put together to compare forms, and water and wine are put together to compare colors, it will not cause confusion! In addition, it should also be noted that; the thing being compared is the object of the description, and the thing used as a comparison is something that should be quite familiar and very specific. For example, the milk and stones chosen above are familiar and specific, so they are easy to understand and accept. If the thing used as a comparison is more difficult to understand than the object to be described, is unfamiliar, is abstract, then, simply can not achieve the purpose of description.

(3) Summary: writing an explanatory essay is prone to problems

1. inaccurate grasp of the characteristics of the object of description;

2. unclear description of the characteristics of the thing, mainly because the article is not organized, the method of description is not appropriate.

(D) Practice Hints:

1. (Something)'s Autobiography

Hint: "(Something)'s Autobiography", which is a fill-in-the-blank semi-proposition. The title of the "self-reporting", the provisions of the description of the "first person" as a self-introduction, and self-introduction of the "something", that is to say, the requirement to use anthropomorphic techniques Introduction of "something", to write a personified, interesting, lively.

As for which kind of "thing" is introduced, it can be determined by the author himself, and there is no restriction on the title. The author to determine a certain thing, mainly from their own familiarity with a certain thing, the degree of understanding of the decision, should be measured, do not write their own unfamiliar, do not understand the content. Before writing, you should also carefully collect, consult the relevant information, or to the relevant people to do some understanding, and strive to introduce their own "something" know it all, so as not to make intellectual, scientific errors.

2. Teenagers smoking harmful

Tips: write "teenagers smoking harmful" this essay, to seize the "teenagers" this age level, explain "smoking harmful" of " The first is that it is not a good idea to use it as a smoking habit.

One is to avoid generalizing and just saying "smoking is harmful" in general, instead of emphasizing why smoking is especially harmful to "teenagers", which leaves the center of the topic;