What are the automobile suspension

Car suspension are what

Car suspension type according to the main categories can be divided into independent and non-independent suspension, McPherson suspension and multi-link suspension belongs to the category of independent suspension, non-independent suspension is the so-called torsion beam suspension, the cross beam runs through the underbody of the car, there are more independent suspension classified as more than one link included.

Strictly speaking, independent suspensions with more than 2 links are considered independent, after all, the suspension is just a simple structure; double wishbone suspension; MacPherson suspension.

The vertical reaction force, longitudinal reaction force and lateral reaction force acting on the wheels by the road surface and the moment caused by this reaction force are transmitted to the frame (or carrier) to ensure the normal driving of the car, that is, to play the role of power transmission; the use of elastic elements and shock absorbers to play the role of cushioning and damping.?

The use of a number of suspension force transmitting elements to make the wheels jump in a certain trajectory relative to the frame or body, i.e., to act as guides, and the use of additional elasticity in the suspension elements of the side stabilizers to avoid excessive sideways tilting of the body in steering and other driving situations.

In these suspension structures, air suspension is relatively rare, it is a kind of suspension system using air springs and equipped with corresponding air pumps, storage tanks and other devices, air suspension by adjusting the stiffness and length of each air spring, can make the same car's multiple wheels in the driving conditions show different suspension performance.

That is to say, it achieves a balance of comfort, sportiness, passability and stability. This kind of suspension is mostly used in expensive models, such as the Hyundai Jens, Toyota Crown, Audi A6L, Audi Q7, Volkswagen Phaeton, Volkswagen Touareg V6, and BMW 7 Series.

McPherson suspension can be said to be the most mature suspension system, is also very common in the country, has a simple structure, light weight, occupy little space, good damping effect, etc., the engine is easy to install, anti-roll and braking ability is relatively weak, poor stability.?

McPherson suspension is mostly used in the front suspension of family cars, double wishbone suspension is actually similar to the McPherson suspension, which can be said to be the upgraded version of the McPherson suspension, double wishbone suspension is in the middle of the McPherson suspension to increase a fork arm, damping and stability of the effect of the McPherson suspension is better than the McPherson suspension, but occupies a large amount of space, high cost.

So it is generally used in the upper class, multi-link free suspension this suspension is the most complex, requires a larger number of links, including three-link, four-link and five-link, all the double wishbone suspension features can have, and is divided into two kinds of front shock absorbers and rear shock absorbers, if it is the front shock absorbers, it can reduce the weakness of the understeer, so that the steering feel more accurate.

If it is a rear suspension, it can change the angle of the rear wheels when tilting sideways, and the driving feeling is more comfortable, the disadvantage is that it takes up a lot of space because it is too complicated, and even sacrifices some trunk space, and it is the most expensive in terms of cost, and the torsion beam type of non-independent suspension is widely used in the rear of the car.

The torsion beam used to withstand the main vertical and lateral moments; the longitudinal swing arm welded to the left and right sides of the torsion beam; the elastic element set at the front end of the longitudinal swing arm and the connecting bracket connected to the body; and the spring damping system consists of four parts, and in practice, the wheels of the non-independent suspension are mounted at the ends of the integral axle.?

When one wheel moves and jumps, the other wheel jumps accordingly, causing the whole body to vibrate or tilt. The advantage of this suspension system is that it is relatively simple in structure, easy to maintain, occupies little space under the car, has a large carrying capacity, and is mainly used for trucks, ordinary buses, small cars, and some other special vehicles.

But poor comfort, poor handling is also unavoidable defects, in fact, the suspension system has always been a "3-point structure, 7-point adjustment" of the statement, different suspension structure is only to a certain extent determines the physical characteristics of the vehicle, but the later adjustment is more important.

For example, the old Honda Civic Type R had a non-independent rear suspension, but it could be one of the fastest front-wheel drive cars on the Nürburgring Nordschleife.