What is the snow and ice sport that evolved from ski hunting in ancient times?

The snow sport that evolved from ancient ski hunting is biathlon.

Biathlon has a long history, originating in Scandinavia and evolving from the ancient days of ski hunting. In Norway, the Netherlands and Sweden and other Nordic countries, some of the stone carvings of about 4,000 years ago, there are two people pedal snowboard, holding a stick in the snow in pursuit of animals. It was gradually incorporated into military training programs during the Middle Ages.

In 1767, the Norwegian Border Guard patrol guarding the border between Norway and Sweden, had organized the first skiing and shooting competition. The provisions of the skiing course, skating on the way with a rifle to shoot 40 to 50 paces away from the target, the best results can be equivalent to the value of 20 kroner prizes, according to records this is the world's first biathlon.

Extended information:

The biathlon is a combination of cross-country skiing and shooting, with athletes carrying specialized small-bore rifles. Carrying a special small-caliber rifle, the competition, athletes should wear skis, ski poles, carrying a gun, along the marked slide, in the correct direction and order to slide through the scheduled full. Each skate a distance for a shooting, the first to reach the end of the winner.

In the competition cross-country skiing is used in free style, when shooting standing up the competitor must first stop and put the snowball on the ground before shooting, when shooting prone the competitor needs to support their elbows on the ground to shoot. In the individual events and short distance races, competitors can choose the target position. In the chase and group start races, the first competitor to arrive at the firing point goes to target position 1, the second to arrive goes to target position 2, and so on.

The caliber of the guns used by biathletes in the biathlon must not be larger than 8mm, and automatic rifles and optical scopes are not allowed. No bullets can be loaded in the chamber while skiing, and the magazine can be loaded on the rifle only after entering the shooting position.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Biathlon