Explain the meaning of an ancient poem by Benjamin.

Two poems by Min Nong, the first part.

Li Shen [Tang Dynasty]

In spring, as long as you sow a seed, you can harvest a lot of food in autumn.

There is no waste of heaven and earth, and the toiling peasants are still starving to death.

-translation of works.

Sow a seed in spring and you can harvest a lot of food in autumn.

There is not a piece of land that is not cultivated, but farmers still starve to death.

-related instructions.

Benjamin: What a pity. There is sympathy here. A poem is two ancient poems. The sequential versions of these two poems are different.

Xiaomi: generally refers to cereals.

Autumn Harvest: A "Qiu Cheng". Son: refers to grain particles.

Four seas: refers to the whole country. Idle field: a field that has not been cultivated.

Y: still.

-Creative background.

According to Fan Gang's Yunxi Friendship in the Tang Dynasty and Lu Shu's Biography of Wei in the old Tang Dynasty, it can be roughly inferred that this group of poems was written by Shen Li in the fifteenth year of Zhenyuan in Tang Dezong (AD 799).

-Appreciation of works.

This poem vividly depicts the fruitful scenes everywhere, highlighting the realistic problem that farmers have worked hard to get a bumper harvest but starved to death with empty hands.

At the beginning of this poem, the harvest is vividly described by turning "one millet" into "ten thousand seeds", and the farmers' labor is praised by "sowing" and "harvesting". The third sentence, by extension, shows that within the four seas, wasteland becomes fertile land, which, combined with the first two sentences, constitutes a vivid scene of fruitful and "gold" everywhere. "Enlightening men" is for stronger "hair". These three poems show the great contribution and infinite creativity of the working people with progressive brushwork, making the following knot more dignified and more painful.

"Farmers still starve to death" not only makes the content coherent, but also highlights the problem. Hard-working farmers got a bumper harvest with their hands, but they were still empty-handed and starved to death. Poetry forces people to think "who created this human tragedy" with a heavy heart. The poet puts all this behind the scenes for readers to discover and think. Combining these two aspects, as Marx said: "Labor has produced amazing works (miracles) for the rich, but labor has produced extreme poverty for the workers. Labor built palaces, but caves for laborers. Labor produces beauty, but it produces deformities for workers. "

"Planting a millet in spring and harvesting 10,000 seeds in autumn" is probably familiar to everyone. But it is often difficult for poets to get in touch with society and class and think about some problems. The poet thought of it. However, he saw the cruel reality that "farmers are still starving to death" from the harvest scene of Tianxia. This dial is surprisingly eye-catching and naturally left a deep impression on people.

Secondly, when the poet expounds the above contents, he does not use vague abstractions, but uses vivid images and profound contrasts to expose problems and explain the reasons, so that people can easily accept and understand them. Like the first three sentences of this poem, on the whole, they all use vivid images to summarize the hard work of farmers in the vast fields, such as spring planting and autumn harvest. These sufferings have brought a lot of food, so we can live, but the last sentence has become "farmers are still starving." In this way, the situation before and after is in sharp contrast, which causes readers to think about problems and draw conclusions from the comparison, which is much more profound and powerful than the author telling readers his own views directly.

-About the author-

Li Shen (772-846), born in Bozhou (now Anhui) and Wucheng (now Huzhou, Zhejiang), grew up in Wuxi, Runzhou (now Jiangsu). This word is vertical. In the first year of Tang Yuanhe (806), he was a scholar and a teaching assistant in Guo Zi. He became close friends with Yuan Zhen and Bai Juyi. The most brilliant part of his life is poetry. He is a participant in the new Yuefu movement, which has great influence in the history of literature. He wrote 20 new poems about Yuefu, which have been lost. There are two poems entitled "Compassion for Farmers": "The day of weeding is noon, and sweat drips down the soil. Who knows that every grain of Chinese food is hard. " It is well known to all women and children, and it has been told through the ages. The Complete Tang Poetry contains four volumes of Tang poetry.