"Five punishments" (ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink, ink.

The five punishments in ancient times included slavery, Jimo, Sake, Sake, Gong Yu and Dida, and feudal five punishments, namely, five basic legal punishments: slap, stick, apprentice, exile and death.

1, five penalties for slavery

(1), ink punishment: also known as torture, is to tattoo words on the face or forehead of a sinner and then get ink as a symbol of the prisoner. This kind of ink punishment is not only a physical punishment that cuts people's skin, but also a humiliating punishment that makes the prisoners suffer humiliation, which is different from ordinary people. Ink punishment is the lightest of the five punishments.

(2) flogging: cutting off the victim's nose. The nose is an important organ of human beings, which is closely related to human dignity, so flogging is more important than ink punishment.

(3) Cutting off punishment: also known as cutting off punishment, refers to the severe punishment of cutting off the victim's hands or feet. Started in the Western Zhou Dynasty, one of the nine punishments. Cut off your feet, cut off your hands. In addition, it is similar to cutting off hands and feet, and flogging the kneecap. As early as the Xia and Shang Dynasties in China, this kind of punishment was regarded as one of the most important common punishments.

(4), castration: destroying the reproductive organs of prisoners is a cruel punishment. Male castration, female claustrophobia. In the ancient society of China, castration was regarded as the greatest shame and misfortune, so it was the cruelest and heaviest of the five punishments except the death penalty, and generally applied to heavier criminals.

(5) Great pioneering work: it is the floorboard of the death penalty. In Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties, the death penalty was irregular, varied and extremely cruel. Especially in Zhou Wang at the end of Shang Dynasty, besides the common death penalty methods such as beheading and slaughter, there were also torture such as branding, scouring and breast preservation.

2. Feudal Five Punishment System

(1), flogging: The prisoner's buttocks or legs are whipped with the standard Vitex negundo, which is divided into five grades from 10 to 50, with ten added to each grade, which is the lightest of the five punishments and is used to punish minor or negligent criminal acts.

(2) Whipping: The prisoner's buttocks, legs or back are hit with a "walking stick" with legal specifications. From 60 to 100, it is divided into five levels, with 10 added to each level, which is slightly heavier than whipping.

(3) Imprisonment: depriving prisoners of their personal freedom and forcing them to wear pliers or cangue for hard labor within a certain period of time, which is divided into five grades from one year to three years, and each grade adds half a year, which is a humiliating and slavery-like punishment labor.

(4) Exile: The prisoner is sent to a designated remote area, forced to wear a cangue for one year, and is not allowed to move back to his original place without authorization. From 2000 miles to 3000 miles, it is divided into three classes, and each class is increased by 500 miles, which is a heavier punishment after the death penalty. Women who commit vagrancy serve three years in the same place.

(5) Death penalty: The penalty of depriving a prisoner of his life is the heaviest of the five punishments. It can be divided into beheading and strangulation, and strangulation is slightly lighter than beheading because it can preserve the remains.

Execution taboo:

1. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, it was stipulated that the first month, May and September were the months to stop slaughtering, and the tenth day of each month was the day to prohibit slaughtering (the first day, the eighth day, the fourteenth day, the fifteenth day, the eighteenth day, the twenty-third, the twenty-fourth, the twenty-eighth day and the twenty-ninth day). Even if you commit a felony, you won't be executed these days.

2. The Ming Dynasty also stipulated that execution was forbidden on the 10th day of Ramadan, otherwise it would be forty. It is also prohibited for the state to carry out large-scale sacrificial activities.

3. The specific execution time is specified between 1 5 pm. Out of date will have to wait until the next day.

The execution of death penalty is usually in autumn and winter, which is related to the ancient concept of natural theocracy, that is, obeying the will of God. The practice of execution in autumn and winter began in the Western Zhou Dynasty and became a system in the Han Dynasty. Except for major crimes such as treason, they can be executed immediately. Generally speaking, prisoners on death row cannot be executed after the first frost in autumn and before the winter solstice.