What are the modes of e-commerce logistics system?

Enterprises operate their own logistics, which is called self-operated logistics. Self-operated logistics is in the embryonic stage of e-commerce. At that time, the scale of e-commerce enterprises in the logistics mode of mechanical enterprises was not large, and most enterprises engaged in e-commerce chose self-operated logistics. Enterprise self-supporting logistics mode refers to the e-commerce enterprise establishing its own logistics distribution system to manage the whole logistics operation process of the enterprise. In this way, enterprises will also buy warehousing services from warehousing enterprises and transportation services from transportation enterprises, but these services are limited to one or a series of decentralized logistics functions and are temporary pure market transactions. Logistics companies do not provide unique services according to their own unique business processes, that is, the loose connection between logistics services and enterprise value chain. If the enterprise's customer service demand standard is high, and the logistics cost accounts for a large proportion of the total cost, and the enterprise's own logistics management ability is strong, the enterprise should generally not adopt outsourcing logistics, but adopt self-operated mode. Because most domestic logistics companies are transformed from traditional storage and transportation companies, they cannot meet the logistics needs of e-commerce. Therefore, many enterprises also rely on their own experience in e-commerce to carry out logistics business, that is, e-commerce enterprises operate logistics themselves.

2. Logistics alliance

Logistics alliance is a kind of logistics cooperation relationship between manufacturing industry, sales enterprises and logistics enterprises based on formal mutual agreement. Enterprises participating in the alliance gather, exchange or unify logistics resources and seek common interests. At the same time, the cooperative enterprise still maintains its independence. In order to achieve better results than engaging in logistics activities alone, logistics alliance has formed a logistics partnership in which enterprises trust each other, * * * share risks and * * * share benefits. Enterprises do not completely take actions that lead to the maximization of their own interests, nor do they completely take actions that lead to the maximization of the same interests, but only form an intermediate organization with complementary advantages and two-way or multi-directional flow of elements through contracts in logistics. This alliance is dynamic. As long as the contract ends, both parties will become independent individuals pursuing their own interests.

3, the third party logistics

Third-party logistics (3PL or TPL for short) refers to a specialized logistics company that is independent of buying and selling. It undertakes some or all of the logistics functions entrusted by neighboring organizations in the supply chain for a long time in the form of contracts or contracts, provides personalized all-round logistics solutions for specific enterprises according to local conditions, realizes the rapid movement of products or services of specific enterprises to the market, and realizes complementary advantages on the basis of information sharing, thereby reducing logistics costs and improving economic benefits. It is a kind of logistics form in which the third-party professional enterprise undertakes the enterprise logistics activities, compared with the consignor of Party A and the consignee of Party B..

4, the fourth party logistics

The fourth party logistics mainly refers to the logistics consulting services provided by consulting companies, but consulting companies are not equal to fourth party logistics companies. At present, the domestic fourth-party logistics is only a "conceptual" fourth-party logistics company, and some logistics companies, consulting companies and even software companies in the south all claim that their companies are engaged in "fourth-party logistics" services. These companies regard no fleet and no warehouse as a fashion; It claims to have information technology, but actually lacks the ability of supply chain design; Only regard the fourth party logistics as a business speculation model.

5. Logistics integration

Logistics integration refers to the integration and systematization of the supply chain with logistics system as the core, from production enterprises, logistics enterprises, sales enterprises to consumers. It is a new logistics model developed on the basis of third-party logistics.

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