Types of Kilns

Kiln (kiln; furnace; oven) is made of refractory materials used to fire the products of the equipment, is the pottery molding in the necessary facilities. Human tens of thousands of years of ceramic firing history, has accumulated a wealth of kiln-making style and experience. From the primitive society on the ground open pile burning, dug pit building burning to bun-shaped rising flame round kiln, half inverted flame horseshoe-shaped kiln, half slope dragon kiln, duck egg-shaped kiln, and then to today's indoor gas kiln, kiln, kiln, kiln science and technology in the continuous improvement and development.

Types

Calcined material species can be divided into ceramic kilns, cement kilns, glass kilns, enamel kilns. The former can be divided into continuous kiln (tunnel kiln), semi-continuous kiln and batch kiln according to the operation method.

Tunnel kiln

1, according to the heat source can be divided into flame kiln and electric kiln.

2, according to the heat source facing the billet condition can be divided into open flame kiln, flame kiln and half flame kiln.

3, according to the billet carrier can be divided into kiln car kiln, push plate kiln, roller kiln (roller kiln), conveyor belt kiln, step beam kiln and air cushion kiln.

4, according to the number of channels can be divided into single-pass kiln, double-pass kiln and multi-pass kiln.

5, generally large-scale kiln fuel is mostly heavy oil, light diesel or gas, natural gas.

Fuelwood kiln: firewood as fuel, is the ancient kiln genetics, a variety of dragon kiln, bun kiln, gourd kiln and other forms of kilns are firewood kiln category. Because of its combustion needs to consume wood, is not conducive to the protection of environmental resources, in addition to some traditional ceramic origin has been rarely seen.

Coal kiln: coal-fueled industrial kilns, once used in large quantities, and then abandoned or improved due to high energy consumption and pollution with gas or heavy oil, light diesel oil to use as fuel.

Electric kiln: electricity as the energy source, most of the electric wire, silicon carbon rods or molybdenum disilicide as a heating component, relying on the principle of radiation and thermal conductivity of electrical energy for the oxidizing atmosphere firing. Electronic program control, easy to operate, good safety performance, applicable to a variety of workplaces, electric kiln is a necessary firing kiln for many pottery studio.

Gas kiln: liquefied petroleum gas, gas or natural gas as fuel, strong fire, pollution, applicable to different firing atmosphere firing, is now the most widely used kiln.

Structure

The kiln usually consists of four parts: kiln chamber, combustion equipment, ventilation equipment, conveying equipment. Electric kiln mostly to electric wire, silicon carbon rods or molybdenum disilicide as a heating element. Its structure is relatively simple, easy to operate.

In addition, there are a variety of atmosphere kiln, electric porcelain kiln. Whether the structure of the kiln is reasonable, whether the selection is correct, directly related to the quality of the product, yield and energy consumption, etc., is the key equipment in ceramic production.

The development trend

In the face of diminishing traditional energy reserves, soaring energy prices, the ceramic industry energy-saving situation is very serious, around this new topic, the ceramic industry at home and abroad are grasping the research and development of new firing methods, the formation of a new development trend. Such as ceramic microwave firing process. According to the relevant information reported ceramic microwave firing theory of research results, there are a number of ceramic varieties into the implementation stage, such as special ceramic products, such as small pieces of ceramic gears, knives, sealing rings can be burned by microwave firing process. Ceramic microwave firing process has energy-saving, firing cycle is very short and other advantages. In particular, high temperature and even ultra-high temperature firing 1350 ℃ ~ 1600 ℃ of fine ceramic products, the traditional firing method requires a few hours to a dozen hours, the use of microwave firing can be completed in just a few minutes, and its speed is amazing. 2017, in the international cosmic space industry requires a large number of ultra-high performance precision ceramic appliances and components, which for the development of microwave furnaces and firing technology to provide the development of the New opportunities. Fully automated control bell kiln kiln has also made new progress. The bell kiln, as its name suggests, is a kiln shaped like a tall bell. When firing, the kiln is covered with a tall product and then fired. After firing, the bell is lifted and set aside. The bell-shaped kiln is especially suitable for the firing of very large sanitary ware and insulators and electric porcelain and other products.

2018, countries ceramic kiln industry rooted in the actual needs of their own country, Torch Star adhere to the high-tech innovation, independent development and development of new kilns, in many ways to do a very successful, there are many experiences worth our reference and reference.