What does smallholder consciousness mean?

It refers to an ideology and behavior habit that has been formed for a long time in a small piece of land in order to satisfy personal food and clothing, cultivate self-cultivation, be unconstrained, not cooperate and not exchange.

In terms of values, natural economy makes people form an idea system characterized by self-sufficiency, suffering from loss and egalitarianism. Self-sufficient natural economy and small-scale peasant economy under feudal system. The consciousness of small farmers, which originated in feudal society, is the embodiment of farmers' identity and status in the small-scale peasant economy. It fully embodies the protection of farmers' own interests for survival, but it does not include the defense and struggle of rights. Although it is a folk culture opposite to the official culture, it does not fundamentally deny the rule of the official culture, but on the premise of how to adapt to the centralized bureaucracy, it has formed a primary concept of maintaining its own survival and simple reproduction.