Highway drainage system on the environmental significance and improvement?

Highway drainage system to maintain the normal use of roadbed pavement is of great significance, many highway construction projects in the drainage system design and construction, regardless of regional differences in the simple to follow the specification requirements, ultimately resulting in a lot of engineering quality problems, a large amount of wasted materials, and damage to the ecological environment along the highway. In the context of the current development of saving transportation, it is necessary to study and improve the highway drainage system, so as to build an ecological highway drainage system.

1 drainage system classification

Highway drainage generally includes the road boundary surface, pavement, the ground below and structure drainage, the smooth implementation of these drainage must rely on the relevant drainage structures, various drainage structures in the main component is the side ditch and the central median drainage, the selection of reasonable or not, directly related to the use of highway performance and the overall evaluation of the highway. The overall evaluation of the highway.

Side ditch can be divided into exposed and hidden 2 categories, exposed side ditch, including: trapezoidal section side ditch; rectangular section side ditch; triangular section side ditch; dish-shaped section side ditch; combined section side ditch and other types. Among them, trapezoidal, rectangular section in high-grade highway side ditch type is more widely used. Hidden side ditch including: cover side ditch; pipe network side ditch; slit side ditch and other types. No matter which type of side ditch, have their own advantages and disadvantages, currently in the high-grade highway are applied. The central separation drainage is generally used flush, shallow dish type, raised three basic types, in addition, for the drainage of super-high sections need to increase the special design.

2 drainage system on the highway along the environmental impact

2.1 on the vegetation and soil conservation impact

Drainage system construction excavation damage to the continuity of vegetation along the line, masonry masonry will be the original vegetation growth of the small environment blocking the destruction of the nearby vegetation and nutrient supply system, resulting in soil erosion, soil degradation, vegetation reduction, caused by the death or even disappearance of plants; plants in the vicinity. Secondly, a large number of drainage system masonry will lead to the destruction of the original geomorphology, so that the geological structure of the area along the line of certain changes in the exposed surface by the rainfall, resulting in soil erosion, which in turn reduces the fertility of the soil, affecting the stability of the ecosystem of the road area, and even in some special areas, such as landslides, landslides, mudslides and other geologic hazards.

2.2 Impact on water bodies

2.2.1 Impact on surface water quality

Highway pavement drainage on the nearby areas of surface water quality impact is more obvious. In the process of highway operation, the harmful substances spilled by automobiles and the substances in the exhaust fumes are discharged into farmland and rivers through the runoff from the road surface after the rainfall, resulting in the pollution of the nearby water environment.

2.2.2 Impact on the quality of groundwater

Drainage system construction activities such as digging ditches will affect the quality and quantity of groundwater in the construction area, change the conditions of groundwater resources and movement of buried conditions, disrupting the normal laws of nature, affecting plants and animals along the roadside and even in distant areas.

2.2.3 Changes to surface water flow

Road drainage system changes the natural state of surface water flow, resulting in water flow concentration, in many cases to accelerate the speed of water flow, these changes will lead to soil erosion and river siltation, at the same time, the masonry of the drainage system reduces the permeability of the soil, the runoff absorbed by the soil to reduce the formation of the local yongshui, sedimentation and siltation. And block the river, triggering floods.

2.2.4Changes to underground runoff

The excavation of highway drainage system reduces the groundwater level in the surrounding area, while the roadbed and other structures restrict the flow of water and increase the groundwater level in the surrounding area, resulting in the loss of potable water and agricultural water as well as affecting the survival of animals along the route.

2.3 Impact on road landscape

The widely used concrete masonry structure is relatively single, destroying the natural landscape along the route, and the surrounding environment can not be coordinated, and its monotonous structural modeling and color tones are easy to give pedestrians a feeling of dullness, caused by visual fatigue, not conducive to the safety of driving.

3 Improvement of drainage system

For the ecological damage caused by the drainage system along the line, domestic and foreign experts to improve its in-depth study and achieved certain results, especially in the developed countries in the construction of highway drainage system continues to accumulate and innovate technology, put forward a lot of technical and theoretical results worth learning. U.S. highway drainage design pays great attention to environmental protection, the surface of the side ditch are basically triangular or shallow butterfly, the side ditch does not use masonry paving, but the geotextile fabric planting grass, the real drainage system in the ground below; Germany's roadbed drainage to the ground drainage is the main slope of the roadbed and the slow side slope, side ditch cross-section of the curved, which is aimed at reducing the masonry.

In addition, Germany advocates plant protection, the implementation of grass shoulder, mainly the use of natural growth of turf protection of roadbed slopes and shoulders; Japan's highway construction also attaches great importance to the design of the drainage system and the construction of the ecological environment. Because of Japan's rainfall, large and small water systems are very developed, in order to ensure that the highway drainage and save land, Japan from the origin of the stream began to take the paved drainage ditch. Domestic highway drainage system has experienced from simple to diverse, from traditional technology to modern technology development process. In recent years, many projects under construction in order to change the existing drainage system deficiencies, from the economic and social benefits, drawing on some of the experience and results of foreign countries, the highway drainage system has made useful attempts, and has achieved some results.

Guangzhou-Qingdao highway construction in the drainage system design put forward the ecological drainage technology, the use of grass drainage not only to avoid a large number of masonry on the destruction of the ecological environment, and significantly save the project cost; Hainan Province according to the local specific conditions, the side ditch design improvement, in its outer or inner and outer side of the planting of all the turf, not only effectively prevented the roadbed, pavement damage and other diseases, and increased the highway Overall aesthetics; Guiyang to Zunyi highway in the construction of coconut fiber blanket applied to the drainage system, the results show that the side ditch covered with strong scour resistance; Ninghang Expressway, Jiangsu section of the drainage system in the design of the full consideration of the original water system, try to avoid large filling and cutting, reduce the project cost and prevent soil erosion; Qingdao to Yinchuan highway drainage design drainage ditch is not to be reinforced paving, the technology Benefit from the slow infiltration of water, and in the drainage of no outlet to play the role of evaporation pool.

4 build ecological drainage system

Reliable selection of technical parameters. Build ecological highway drainage system to collect detailed data and information before the design and construction, such as the investigation and implementation of the highway along the intensity of rainfall over the years, the duration and geological conditions, slope gradient, the route of the flat longitudinal line, the roadbed cross-section form, etc., for the design and calculation of the calculation to provide detailed and objective calculation parameters to ensure that the results of the calculation of the reliability of the results and the results of the settlement of the various repeated calculations and comparisons, take into account the impact of various factors, and try to build a reliable technical parameters selection. The impact of various factors, try to avoid the design is too conservative and waste a lot of materials and cause unnecessary ecological damage.

Reliable drainage system construction quality. Due to the construction of the inevitable destruction of the environment along the nearby, if the quality of the drainage system can not be guaranteed, will inevitably lead to poor drainage or even failure, resulting in water on the road surface, roadbed flooding and other consequences, and then damage the main body of the highway, affecting the normal operation of the highway. At the same time, large-scale maintenance will cause secondary damage to the surrounding ecological environment. Therefore, the ecological drainage system must meet the requirements of qualified engineering quality.

The use of reasonable design techniques. Drainage facilities must also use the form of diversified design methods, can not stick to the stereotypes, both scientific design, but also bold innovation, not simply according to past experience or specification requirements without regard to the actual situation of the project, at the same time, the design will try to beautiful shape of the drainage facilities shown in the field of vision, will be boring, dull drainage facilities will be excluded from the field of vision in advance.

Reasonable use of greening and landscaping technology is an important part of building ecological highway drainage system. Aiming at the drainage system caused by a large number of masonry ecological damage, and actively promote a variety of new ecological and environmental protection technology to prevent further damage to the ecological environment, as far as possible to restore the original natural conditions. Such as a variety of grass and tree planting the application of new technologies can not only beautify the road, improve the level of greening along the highway, but also has to improve the efficiency of the highway drainage system, to prevent a variety of natural disasters and other effects.

5 Conclusion

The highway drainage system of a large number of masonry caused by the destruction of vegetation, soil erosion and other problems, and even seriously affect the balance of ecosystems in the road. Therefore, the drainage system design and construction should be done to consider a variety of factors, drawing on new technologies and new results at home and abroad, so that the drainage system not only to meet the technical and functional requirements of highway drainage, at the same time, reduce the impact on the ecological environment along the route.

More about the engineering/service/procurement category of the tender writing production, enhance the winning rate, you can click the bottom of the official website customer service free consultation:/#/?source=bdzd