Give another name to each month in ancient China.

The month of the green girl refers to the September of the lunar calendar.

The first month-Liu Yue: Silver willows are inserted in the bottle head, also called Liu Yue.

February-Apricot Moon: Apricot blossoms are noisy, also known as Apricot Moon.

March-Taoyue: peach blossom powder Shame, also known as Taoyue.

April-Sophora japonica: Sophora japonica is full of branches, also known as Sophora japonica.

May-Liu Yue: Pomegranate is as red as fire, also known as Liu Yue.

June-Lotus Moon: Lotus blooms in the pool, also known as Lotus Moon.

July-Qiao Yue: Impatiens bloom one after another, also known as Qiao Yue.

August-Gui Yue: Osmanthus fragrans is fragrant everywhere, also known as Gui Yue.

September-Juyue: Ju Ao Shuang Xue, also known as Juyue.

October-Yangyue: Furong Xiu Xiaoyang, also known as Yangyue.

November-Jia Yue: The grass grows and the warbler flies, also known as Jia Yue.

1feb-Yue Mei: plum blossom fragrance, also known as Yue Mei.

The legend of the origin of the moon comes from the "immortal moon" in Shan Hai Jing. According to Shan Hai Jing, the emperor had two wives, namely He Chang. On his birthday, Chang 'e gave birth to the moon, so Chang 'e is also called the mother of the moon.

In fact, and often are calendar office. It is recorded in Shiben that in order to make a calendar, the Yellow Emperor formulated "xi He Zhan Ri, Changyi Zhan Yue", Changyi is Chang, and Zhanyue is the twilight period for observing the moon, which is the origin of "Chang Sheng was born in December".

In fact, when the sun was first defined, not all months in a year were 12 months. This month has nothing to do with the new moon. The month and date of the solar calendar are very consistent with the position of the sun on the ecliptic. According to the date of the solar calendar, we can clearly see the change of cold and warm seasons in a year, but the date of each month has nothing to do with the change of the moon phase.

At present, the popular Gregorian calendar in the world is the most familiar Gregorian calendar. This calendar is saturated with the civilization created by human beings for thousands of years. It was learned by the ancient Romans from the Egyptians and spread all over the world with the expansion of the Roman Empire and the rise of Christianity.

Ancient Roman calendar: The earliest ancient Roman calendar had 65,438+00 months, some had 30 days, some had 29 days (which is very similar to the lunar calendar), and there were more than 70 days as year-end rest days. During the period of romulo, the first king of Rome, there was a name and an order every month. There are 10 months throughout the year, some months have 30 days, some months have 3 1 day, ***304 days, and the other 60 days are year-end rest days.

The second king, Nouma, made a reform according to the Greek calendar, adding 1 1 month and 1 February, and adjusting the number of days in each month to1,3, 5 and 8, 3 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9,/.

In order to correct the deviation of date and season year by year, two supplementary months are added every four years. The first supplementary month has 22 days, which will be increased in the second year and another 23 days in the fourth year. The added days are between1February 24th and 25th.

When Julius Caesar served as consul for the third time, he appointed a group of astronomers headed by Egyptian astronomer Sotchini to make a new calendar, that is, julian calendar. The main content of julian calendar is to set up a leap year every three years, with 365 days each year and 366 days in a leap year, with an average length of 365 years.

Another name for the four seasons:

Spring: Yangchun, Sunshine, Shu Jie, Youth, Yang Jie and Qingyang.

Summer: three summers, Zhu Ming, nine summers, intense heat, bamboo rhythm and clear summer.

Autumn: rainy days, Golden Week, Sanqiu, business festivals, vegetarian festivals and Bai Zang.

Winter: peace, winter, old age, nine winters, chaos and strict observance.

A month is a unit of time in a calendar. Traditionally, the period of the moon phase change is regarded as the length of a month, and the length of a month (lunar month) is about 29.53 days, that is, a round of "Shuowangyue".

In the early Paleolithic period, people had calculated the days according to the phases of the moon. Until now, the new moon is still the cornerstone of many calendars. A year is divided into 12 months; In China, the lunar year is 12 months and the leap year is 13 months. The extra month is called leap month.

The legend of the origin of the moon comes from the "immortal moon" in Shan Hai Jing. According to Shan Hai Jing, the emperor had two wives, namely He Chang. On his birthday, Chang 'e gave birth to the moon, so Chang 'e is also called the mother of the moon.

In fact, and often are calendar office. It is recorded in Shiben that in order to make a calendar, the Yellow Emperor formulated "xi He Zhan Ri, Changyi Zhan Yue", Changyi is Chang, and Zhanyue is the twilight period for observing the moon, which is the origin of "Chang Sheng was born in December".

Extended information 1, January: The first month of the lunar calendar is also called the first month. Wu said in Meng Lianglu's First Month, "The first day of the first month is called New Year's Day." Su Weidao, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, described in the poem "The fifteenth night of the first month": "The fire trees and silver flowers are combined, and the stars and bridges are locked."

The first month, also called Duanyue, was changed to Duanyue by Qin Shihuang in order to avoid taboo, and it was famous for its rectification. "Biography of Feng Yanchuan in the Later Han Dynasty" said: "Spring comes at the beginning of the year, and all flowers contain English." The "opening year" here also refers to January of the lunar calendar.

2. February: "Spring scenery can't close the garden, and an apricot goes out of the wall." The red apricot in Ye Shaoweng's poems in Song Dynasty was named Apricot Moon because it bloomed in February. Because February is in the middle of spring, it is also called mid-spring. Erya Shi Tian said, "February is like this." According to Yi: If you follow righteousness, everything will follow, if it is natural. February in the lunar calendar is also called the moon.

March: There are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. Three months is a season, and spring ranks third, so March is called seasonal month. "Peach blossoms flow with water every day. Where is the hole in Qingxi?" The scenery described by Zhang Xu in the Tang Dynasty is late spring, with colorful English waterfalls, like a flowing stream, so March is nicknamed Peach Moon. In addition, there are other nicknames for March, such as late spring, late spring and silkworm month.

4. When the wheat is ripe in April of the lunar calendar, the Book of Rites and the Moon Order says: "? Xia Mengyue? Mai Qiuzhi. " Cai Yong explained in the "Monthly Orders": "Hundreds of grains take life as spring and maturity as autumn, so wheat takes Xia Meng as autumn." April is called Maiyue. In terms of seasonal climate, April is the rainy season, plums are yellow and ripe, and the rainy time is long. "Plum Rain" written by Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty said: "Shi Mei welcomes the plum rain, which is infinitely valuable in late spring."

So April is called Yue Mei. April is also called Yuyue. Erya Shi Tian said, "April is a rest." Hao Yixing said, "In April, everything has branches and leaves, so it is unnecessary. Yu, uncle. "

May: The most commonly used nickname of May in the lunar calendar is midsummer, which ranks among the summer months. May 5th is the Dragon Boat Festival. In the old society, farmers hung calamus leaves and mugwort leaves at the door to exorcise evil spirits, so May was called General Month. Erya Shi Tian said, "May is the height." Yi Shu explained, "Gao, how about it? Qualcomm, too? The highest is also on it, cloudy in May. If you want to be self-sufficient, everything is solid. " Therefore, May is also called the high moon.

6, June: "The lotus leaf skirt is cut in one color, and the hibiscus opens to both sides of the face." A muddy lotus flower in Wang Changling's Song of Picking Lotus in Tang Dynasty brings coolness to people in the summer months, so June is called Lotus Month. "Yi copula" says that "the sun and the moon run, one is cold and the other is hot." Another June is called Xia Yue. In addition, June is also called the last month of summer, Jiao Yue, Yu Shu and so on. For example, in the Book of Rites, there is a saying that "the moon in Xia Meng stinks". "The moon in summer and season is wet and hot, and it will be fine if it rains heavily."

July: The first month of autumn is called new autumn. In ancient times, melons and fruits matured in autumn. "Millet beans harvest in autumn and store in winter", which is called melon month in July. There is an orchid that blooms in early autumn, so July is also called Qiu Lan and Autumn Moon.

August: August in autumn is in the middle, called Mid-Autumn. In Erya Shi Tian, it says, "August is strong." Hao Yixing explained: "The strong is great. August is full of yin, while "Yi" is strong and words are full. " Therefore, August is called a strong month. "Guizi falls in the moon, and the sky is floating outside." Song Wenzhi, a man in the Tang Dynasty, blew the sweet-scented osmanthus to the world in the middle of the month, not to mention the rural folk song "Sweet-scented osmanthus comes in August", which is also called Gui Yue by the people.

9. September: "Su E, a young woman, is cold-resistant, and there is a frost battle in the middle of the month." Li Shangyin described the graceful appearance of the goddess of frost and snow beautifully. The essence of her soul intake is her ability to stand the cold test. Besides Frosty Moon, September has other nicknames, such as Qiu Ji, Chrysanthemum Moon and Rotten Moon.

Huang Chao's poem "Chrysanthemum" said: "Until September 8th in Qiu Lai, I will kill all the flowers after they bloom. Tianxiang pervades Chang 'an, and the city is full of golden flowers. "September is called rotten month, although there is no textual research, perhaps because some plants are old and withered after winter.

10, October: Another name for October in the lunar calendar is: early winter, winter, dew month, sunny month, etc. Erya Shi Tian says, "October is the sun." Guo Pu's annotation is: "Pure Yin is used for things, and there is no Yang in doubt, hence the name Xuan." "The Biography of Ma Rong in the Later Han Dynasty" said: "As for the sun and the moon, the yin is harmful and the grass is exhausted." In the countryside, after winter began, in the past, weddings and other happy events were held in winter. At this time, the harvest has been finished, and it is the slack season, so there are many beautiful days to choose from.

1 1, November: Book of Rites Monthly Order: "? Midwinter moon? Life is long. " Zheng Xuan's annotation is "Chang, still full." Therefore, the November of the lunar calendar is called the long month. Kong Ying Da also commented: "It is said that this month is a month of enrichment, and it is necessary to enrich everything and not start."

And Sun Xidan's collective plan is, "Always, reach also. When it comes to harmony, it means that life is smooth, which is also called going against the sky. " In winter, 1 1 month is also called midwinter in sequence, which has no test for auspicious month, abundant month and long qianyue.

12, 12: "There are some plums in the corner, and hanling is alone. I know from a distance that it is not snow, because it has a faint fragrance. " Yongmei, a poem written by Wang Anshi in Song Dynasty, describes the stubborn character of plum blossoms in winter and the news that spring has come.

Since the Zhou Dynasty, the ancients took the twelfth month of the lunar calendar as a wax festival and sacrificed their ancestors by hunting animals. According to the Chronicle of Jingchu, "December 8 is the twelfth lunar month." Du Fu's "La Ri", since ancient times, December of the lunar calendar is synonymous with ice and snow, so it is also called Ice Moon and Yan Moon.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Month