Category theme of regong art

In the heyday of Regong art, Regong painters enjoyed high prestige in areas where they believed in Tibetan Buddhism. Regong art has become an important school of Tibetan Buddhist art with its exquisite skills and unique style. Regong's artistic works are accurate and vivid in modeling, exquisite and beautiful in painting, bright in color and rich in decoration. The main categories are murals, thangka, pile embroidery, sculpture and so on. The painting method of murals should first go through a process of wall skin treatment: white ash bottom → plastering fine mud → polishing → sticking mud, painting after drying, and wetting murals. In Regong area, it is mainly mural painting. Before painting, the canvas is soaked and stretched on the wooden frame, and then the surface of the cloth is softened by brushing with white lime water, then the white cloth is laid flat on a smooth board, polished repeatedly, flattened with pebbles, and finally the cloth is brushed with gelatin powder to draw an extremely artistic image. After painting, hanging on the wall post becomes a mural.

Whether it is a dry mural, a wet mural or a cloth mural, the drawing process is basically divided into seven steps:

(1) draft. Manufacturing on the wall can start with chalk, different images can start with charcoal pen, and the standard of "classic statue measurement" must be strictly followed at the beginning.

(2) Draw the background color. Includes the first color of the image and the color of the space.

(3) Chromatic blooming makes the object appear concave and convex, and the feeling of yin and yang is bright and dark.

(4) Tick the line. One is used for the uniform thickness of characters, and the other is used for the sudden change of landscape thickness.

(5) Hook the gold thread. There are many places where gold thread is used in Regong art paintings, and the lines of characters' clothes and the outline of rocks are re-hooked with gold thread, which makes the picture have a beautiful effect.

(6) the arrangement of five senses and hands and feet. This is the finishing touch, reminding the whole spirit of the repair link.

(7) Gold plating and powder leaching: use a special small leather bag and draw a pre-designed pattern with lead powder ointment. The drainage line is slightly raised, then the gold foil is glued with water and gently pressed with silk cotton cloth. After such decoration, the whole picture immediately looks resplendent and distinguished. Embroidery is the most distinctive art of Tibetan Buddhism and another treasure of national folk art in Regong area. Pile embroidery is a thangka made of silk and satin. Cashmere embroidery is first drawn according to the standard drawing, and then according to the requirements of different parts of the draft, various silk and satin fabrics are selected, cut and sewn. Strong stereoscopic effect and convenient carrying. It is an ideal tourist souvenir.

Pile embroidery works include pile embroidery Thangka, pile embroidery curtains, pile embroidery column ornaments and other decorations. Its material is silk brocade of various colors and patterns, and the images of people, animals and plants are accurately cut and sewn. There are two processes and effects: first, the soft relief combined with folk embroidery process and filling relief is a traditional sewing process, and the raised three-dimensional structure has a more perfect relief effect after color treatment; The second is to extend the development on the basis of sewing. Soft cloth is cut and formed, combined and spliced by pasting, which shows the relief effect of plane planning and is applied to Thangka format. Its color is uniform, clean and bright, and decorative, such as spheres, auspicious clouds, waves, cliffs and other shapes. Using the expression method of chromaticity shift, the color, three-dimensional, layered and changing sense of the pattern are vividly expressed. The latter kind of pile embroidery is made by artists in order to be portable. Pile embroidery can be hundreds of meters, and small embroidery can be several centimeters. Sculpture can be shaped into a dozen meters high and a few centimeters small. It is a bright pearl in China's national art treasure house and a wonderful work of art on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Sculpture is a big category in the colorful art field of Regong. Regong sculpture is mainly clay sculpture, including wood carving, stone carving and brick carving.

Clay sculpture is mainly divided into color sculpture and monochrome (gold), mostly three-dimensional modeling, with various Buddha statues and statues of different sizes for worship. The process of clay sculpture is roughly stereotyped material selection, clay sculpture processing, keel erection, contour shaping, local adjustment and gold decoration or painting. Clay sculpture works are unconstrained and unconstrained, depicting the sacred, solemn and unique personality of the gods and buddhas with exaggerated methods, and showing their Buddhist strength and boundless magnificence of Buddhism in the quiet Buddhist environment and atmosphere; Most of the reliefs are clay rubbings, which are used as sacrifices, mainly small pieces. Their modeling is to turn the prepared clay over with a wooden or metal mold, dry it, and then paint it with color pigments or gold, which can be used, processed and mass produced.

Wood carving can be divided into two categories: wood carving and wood carving. Wood carvings are mostly three-dimensional round carvings or through carvings, with statues of Buddha, dragon pillars, sacrificial utensils and other shapes, and monochrome painting or painting. Wood carvings are generally plane relief works, which are mostly used for carving temple buildings, Buddha statues, wooden models and scripture boards.

Brick carving is the decoration of temple buildings, which is divided into three-dimensional and plane. Taking the ridge and cornice as the main shapes, it greatly enriches the luxury and solemnity of the temple buildings.

There are two kinds of stone carvings: three-dimensional through carving and flat carving. The quality of stone carving mainly depends on the selection of materials. Soft slate is a stone used for carving. The representative work of Regong stone carving is the stone wall in zeku county and Rixiang.

Wood carving, wood carving, brick carving and stone carving have various styles, and the knife method combines rigidity with softness, and the knife marks are vigorous and euphemistic, with strong three-dimensional sense. They are not only used in temple architecture, but also widely used in the architecture and daily life of Tibetan people. Architectural painting is particularly prominent. Inside and outside Wutunxia Temple, exquisite and colorful patterns are painted everywhere, from door leaves, lintels, dados and wall decorations to beams, stigmas, algae wells and so on.