What are the festivals and customs from 1 to 12 on the Chinese calendar?

China's major traditional festivals include the Spring Festival, the Lantern Festival, the Qingming Festival, the Dragon Boat Festival, and the Mid-Autumn Festival. In addition, all ethnic minorities also keep their own traditional festivals, such as the Water Festival of the Dai, the Naadam Conference of the Mongols, the Torch Festival of the Yi, the Danu Festival of the Yao, the March Street of the Bai, the Song Wei of the Zhuang, the Tibetan New Year and the Wangguo Festival of the Tibetans, and the Flower Jumping Festival of the Miao, etc. The Spring Festival is the first festival of the year for the Chinese people, and it is also the most important festival in China. The Spring Festival is the first traditional festival of the year for Chinese people. In the past, the Spring Festival was called the "New Year" because it was the first day of the first month, the beginning of the new year, according to the lunar calendar that has been used throughout Chinese history. According to records, the Chinese people have been celebrating the Spring Festival for more than 4,000 years, and it was started by Yu Shun. On a day more than 2,000 years B.C., Shun became the son of heaven and led his men to worship heaven and earth. Since then, this day has been regarded as the first day of the year and is considered the first day of the first month. This is said to be the origin of the Lunar New Year, later called the Spring Festival, which was renamed the Spring Festival after the 1911 Xinhai Revolution, when China adopted the Gregorian calendar to celebrate the Chinese New Year (which falls between late January and mid-February on the Gregorian calendar). During the Spring Festival, families put up Spring Festival couplets, post New Year's paintings, and decorate their homes. The night before the Spring Festival is called "New Year's Eve" and is an important time for family reunions, when the whole family gathers for a sumptuous "New Year's Eve Dinner"; many people stay up all night to "observe the New Year". The following day, people start to pay "New Year's Greetings" to their friends and relatives, greeting each other and wishing all the best for the new year. During the Spring Festival, traditional recreational activities such as lion dances, dragon lantern dances, rowing dry boats and stilt walking are most common. The 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar is the Lantern Festival, also known as the Shangyuan Festival, the Night of the Yuan, and the Festival of Lights. It is the first full moon night after the Spring Festival. According to legend, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty (179-157 years ago) celebrated Zhou Bo's pacification of the chaos of Zhu Lu on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month by going out of the palace to play and have fun with the people on this night, and designated the fifteenth day of the first lunar month as the Lantern Festival. Sima Qian created the Taichu Calendar, which listed the Lantern Festival as a major festival. Since the Sui, Tang and Song dynasties, it has been even more popular. "Sui book - music Zhi" day: "Whenever the first month, all the countries to the court, stay until the 15th in the Duanmen outside the Jianguo Gate, stretching eight miles, the play for the theater", to participate in the song and dance tens of thousands of people, from dusk to dawn, to the obscure and finished. When with the changes in society and the times, the Lantern Festival customs and habits have long had greater changes, but is still a traditional Chinese folk festival. During the Lantern Festival, it is customary to eat Lanterns and watch lanterns. Lanterns are made of glutinous rice flour, covered with fruit and sugar filling, and are round in shape, symbolizing "reunion". The Lantern Festival began in the first century A.D. and is still practiced throughout the world today. Every Lantern Festival night, many cities held lantern fairs, displaying a variety of colored lanterns, novel shapes, thousands of forms; in the countryside, recreational activities, such as fireworks, stilt walkers, playing dragon lanterns, twisting rice-planting songs, swinging, etc.. Zhonghe Festival in the second month of the lunar calendar, commonly known as the dragon's head. At this time around the hibernation, spring returns to the earth, everything recovers, hibernation in the soil or cave insects, snakes and beasts will wake up from hibernation, the legendary dragon also woke up from sleep, so the name of the dragon carries the head. In ancient times, the dragon was a sacred symbol, so the dragon to expel pests. In the Ming Dynasty, it was popular to smoke insects, and on February 2, people would fry the remaining cakes from the New Year's Day sacrifice in oil to smoke the beds and kangs, which was called smoking insects. In the countryside, the people with grass ash winding around the house in a circle, and then into the yard around the water tank in a circle, in the lead back to the dragon. Interestingly, the food and drink on this day are also named after dragons. Eat dumplings called eat dragon ear, eat spring cake in eat dragon scales, eat noodles called eat dragon beard, now the "dragon beard noodles" is probably the name. Children shave their heads and cut their hair on this day, called "shaving the dragon's head". Women on this day also do not move the needle and thread, it is said to avoid injury to the dragon's eye. There are also candles to light the walls of the house, "February 2, light the beams, scorpions and centipedes nowhere to hide," the words. However, this festival has now been forgotten, but there are still customs such as eating spring cakes. Tomb-sweeping and ancestor worship around April 5 is the Qingming Festival. In ancient times, the Qingming Festival was also called the March Festival, and has a history of more than 2,000 years. Around April 5 on the Gregorian calendar is the Qingming Festival, one of the twenty-four solar terms. Among the 24 solar terms, only Qingming is both a solar term and a festival. The Qingming Festival was originally a festival to worship ancestors, but nowadays more activities are carried out on this day to visit the tombs of martyrs and pay tribute to the martyrs. At the time of Qingming, the weather turns warm, grass and trees sprout again, people often go to the countryside in groups to trekking, kite flying, and enjoy the spring scenery, so the Qingming Festival is also sometimes called "trekking festival". Duanwu mourning patriotic ancestors on the fifth day of the fifth month of the lunar calendar is the Dragon Boat Festival, the original name of the "Dragon Boat Festival". The Taiping Yuban" Volume 31 cited the "customs" with "midsummer Duanwu, Duan, the beginning of the" sentence. It is generally believed that it was created to honor the ancient Chinese poet Qu Yuan. Qu Yuan (about 340 BC - before 278 years) is the warring states period chu people, he was unable to realize his political ideals, but also unable to save the fall of the state of chu, when the qin state after the destruction of chu, the fifth day of may hold the stone thrown into the bioluo river self-sinking; riverside people know, they have been driving a boat to salvage the body of qu yuan. To commemorate the great patriotic poet, later generations set this day as the Dragon Boat Festival. Every this festival, folk with incense bags, eat zongzi, dragon boat race custom. Fragrance bag that Qu Yuan's moral integrity and temperament as Xin posthumous art, forever: Zongzi was originally to prevent the fish to Qu Yuan's body to eat, and then become a festival food, rowing dragon boat is said to go to the rescue of Qu Yuan. The seventh night of the seventh month of the lunar calendar, known as "Tanabata", is the legendary day of the Cowherd and the Weaving Maiden meet every year. On the eve of this event, the girls will put on colorful strings and thread seven-hole needles in the courtyard. It is said that the one who finishes first is the most skillful. It is also known as the "Begging for Coquettishness Festival" and the "Maiden's Festival" because it is mostly attended by girls. Zhongyuan Festival is held on the fifteenth day of the seventh month of the lunar calendar. It is the birthday of the legendary Earth official, so it is also known as the "Ghost Festival". Buddhists set up the "Bon" on this day, give fasting to monks, hold chanting and religious activities such as land and water ceremonies and releasing river lanterns. It was around the time of Emperor Wu of the Liang Dynasty (the first half of the sixth century) that the "Bon Fast" was first organized in China. Nowadays, the "Bon" is rare in folklore, but the custom of releasing river lanterns is the Mid-Autumn Festival for family reunion on the 15th day of the 8th month of the lunar calendar, which is also known as the "Festival of Reunion". August 15 in the middle of the fall, so the name "Mid-Autumn Festival". Mid-Autumn Festival first originated in the ancient imperial rites of the moon sacrifice in the fall. Since the Wei, Jin, Tang and Song dynasties, it has gradually evolved into a custom of enjoying the moon. The term "Mid-Autumn Festival" was first used in the book "Zhou Li", and the real formation of a national festival is in the Tang Dynasty.