Dragon Boat in Guangdong

Shunde's dragon boat race has been famous since ancient times. In the early Qing Dynasty, Qu Dajun's "Cantonese neologisms and boat words" contained: "Longjiang in Shunde, fighting a dragon boat in May and June. On the day of the war, the Dragon Boat Yard was the kind of river that was neither too big nor too small, and the water did not go straight around the bay. ..... If you win the battle and return to the port, you will invite your relatives and friends to hold a banquet, and your port will be crowded with people and trade. " In fact, dragon boats are very popular in all towns and castles. Today, there is still a stone tablet in Beishui Village of Xingtan during the Kangxi period in the city museum. There are two kinds of dragon boats: Youlong and Sailong. Youlong is called "Dragon Boat" because of its large size and exquisite decoration, and its emphasis is on cruising and displaying costumes. "Sailong" is small in size, named "Dragon Boat", ranging from three radii to fifteen radii, focusing on racing.

Modern Shunde Dragon Boat Team for men and women was established in 1983 and 1985 respectively, representing China for many times.

Hong Kong, Japan, New Zealand, Australia and other countries participated in world competitions, and Shunde Dragon Boat won 60 championships in major national and international competitions, 18 runner-up and 5 runner-up. 1994 represented China in the first Asian Dragon Boat Championship and won four gold medals. 1995 represented China in the first world dragon boat championship and won 7 gold medals; In addition, at the 6th National Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports Meeting held in Beijing from 65438 to 0999, the Guangdong delegation won 4 gold medals and 2 silver medals in 6 dragon boat events of the National People's Games for the first time, achieving a "zero breakthrough" in the medals of the Guangdong delegation at the National People's Games, and achieved good results at the 7th National Traditional Ethnic Minority Sports Meeting held in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region in 2003. In 2005, he represented China in the World Dragon Boat Progress Competition and won 7 gold medals and 1 silver medal.

Jiujiang Dragon Boat usually sinks to the bottom of the water and is buried in mud to prevent wood from rotting. Every year on the eve of dragon boat activities, the dragon boat will be "lifted", dug out of the underwater soil, and then the dragon tail will be cleaned, painted and renovated, and tools and ornaments will be prepared. When an activity is held, it is necessary to install a dragon's tail before dawn every day, and then carry out "green picking". After dawn, the dragon boat is dressed up and cruising back and forth in the Weichong section of Jiujiang, which is called "Youlong". The next day, the contracted dragon boats got together, competed for the high bid, gave each other colorful flags, and visited each other in the village, and invited them to eat dragon boat rice. After dinner, the agreed dragon boat paddled in the river to bid farewell, commonly known as "seeing off the appointment", and didn't stop until late at night. In addition, on June 2nd, 10, there will be dragon boat sailing, which is very spectacular. Dragon boat activities usually last for 2-3 days, and some last for several days. After that, the dragon boat will sink into the water.

Jiujiang rowing dragon boat is not on the Dragon Boat Festival, but on the National Day. In Jiujiang, it was very popular to row dragon boats on the Dragon Boat Festival in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the Republic of China, dragon boat races were held in August and September when autumn was cool and agriculture was short. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, he decided to row the dragon boat on June 10. After the founding of New China, Youlong and Dragon Boat Race celebrated the National Day on June 10, and the Dragon Boat Festival stopped.

The dragon boat in Jiujiang Town is famous at home and abroad. Jiujiang Town Dragon Boat Team stood out in the national competition and represented China in the 20 10 Guangzhou Asian Games (namely 16 Asian Games), winning many honors. Today, dragon boat activities in Jiujiang Town are still quite popular. Every village in Jiujiang town sends its own dragon boat to participate in the competition every year and performs boating in the river. Dragon boat is a branch of dragon culture. As a specific cultural phenomenon, there are many unique customs handed down. Dragon Boat Festival (related to Dragon Boat Festival) has been circulated for thousands of years as a folk festival such as Spring Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival. Originally a way of behavior to commemorate the patriotic poet Qu Yuan, it has evolved into a mass sports event, even beyond national boundaries and spread to foreign countries, showing its wide and far-reaching influence. Qu Yuan's "Experience under the Spring" made him smile. Entering the fifth month of the lunar calendar, the sound of dragon boat gongs and drums in Wan Yi keeps rising. Because at this time, dragon boat races are held everywhere. At this time, people are jubilant and empty, and the scale of any cultural and entertainment activities is dwarfed in front of her. Men, women and children can see the grand occasion of the dragon boat race from other places in their nests, and even the school has adjusted the class time to give children time to watch it on the spot. Happy children sang the children's song "Pick a dragon boat, jump the dragon head, buy a catty of pork to stew lotus root and fry a prawn", and the streets were full of joy. The day when the new dragon boat was launched was the most lively. Before dawn, young people in the village rowed dragon boats, set off firecrackers, banged gongs and drums, and went to the Nanhai Temple at the head of the temple to worship God, praying for peace and prosperity, good weather and eternal peace. The whole village went to eat. In the field in front of the village, a stove was set up and firewood was made. Everyone volunteered to help. Chicken kills duck, plucks hair and washes vegetables, and big fish and big meat make nine rich bowls. Everyone sat around eating and drinking, and it was very lively. There is no such ostentation and extravagance in any folk festival. The scale and number of people involved are amazing. Anyone who has donated money can share the launch of the new dragon boat and roast pork. Although you can buy roast pork every day, this roast pork has special significance and is extremely sacred. Holding the roast pork in his hand, he was extremely proud and happy, and everyone was very happy. There is also a golden pig cake sent by the friendship of the neighboring village to congratulate.

In nearby villages, each has its own Dragon Boat Festival (the villagers call it "Dragon Boat Festival") to avoid the same date. Some dragon boat scenes "bid" is a competition, and some "borrow scenery" is a celebration program to compete for the dragon boat Youlong. If it is a bidding, it will be very lively. The athletes on the dragon boat are all like iron towers, with round waist and thick back, and their strength is endless. At the command, Sailong is like an arrow leaving the string, splashing water and striving for the upper reaches. The audience on the coast shouted loudly. The race is short, only a few kilometers. According to the old man, in the past, the dragon boat had to turn several times and row for several hours, and it was strength, speed and wisdom. After a dragon boat race, the young and middle-aged people who are squatting seem to have broken up and their hands and feet are paralyzed. The man who pounces on the dragon head is the commander-in-chief of the whole ship, so he should be flexible and command properly. Those who beat gongs and drums should be fast-paced, powerful and morale-boosting. The most important part is the rower, which is called "rower". They are the most powerful people in the whole boat, commanding the rhythm of the whole boat rowing. It is a great honor to be a rower, and the man at the helm at the stern can't neglect it at all. He controls the direction of the dragon boat, and a slight negligence leads to a big mistake. Therefore, the dragon boat race is a collective sport, and we must cooperate with each other, so that Qi Xin can win together. As mentioned above, if a new dragon boat is launched, or a village dragon boat scene, there will be a grand banquet to entertain guests. Invitations were sent out in the village to invite relatives and friends with the same surname to dinner. They can row a dragon boat, and the boat is full of invited guests, bringing gifts to renew friendship. At this moment, the dragon boat has become the messenger of friendship and the bond of feelings. Sometimes the dragon boat will pass through a village. If the villagers have relatives and friends of the dragon boat, they will automatically bring gifts, write their names on the dragon boat label (a piece of cloth) and give them to their relatives and friends to express their congratulations. The dragon boat that received the gift slowly landed and fired a gun and bowed. Its scenery is very shocking. When some villages are at the dragon boat scene, they will send out invitations and invite friendly villages to have fun. The invited villages will organize a group of people spontaneously. No matter adults or children, when they get on the dragon boat and come to Youlong Village, a boat full of people will be warmly received. They have all become ambassadors of friendship and enhanced their feelings. The villagers invited relatives and friends to celebrate, kill chickens and ducks, and wrap zongzi as gifts. Every family was very happy at the wedding. Which guest is the most decent; On the contrary, there is no light on the face. Take advantage of the dragon boat scenery to entertain friends and relatives and talk about Sang Ma. The deep homesickness turns into a beautiful rainbow and stays in people's hearts. The villagers regard dragon boat racing as important as life. During the training, they chose the strongest villagers in the village, braved the scorching heat and sun, and were not afraid of the sun and rain, all trying to win a good ranking. If the flag wins, the dragon comes first, and the rowers will be regarded as victorious heroes. Reward the three armed forces, put on a big banquet, and get drunk. Everyone winked and gushed, celebrating the victory. There are some taboos in rowing dragon boats, that is, women are not allowed to board the boat, let alone rowing dragon boats. Sometimes the dragon boat passes under the bridge, and women are not allowed to cross it, otherwise it is considered unlucky. This is purely feudal thinking, which values boys over girls. Fortunately, this trend has changed, and women's dragon boats have been organized. Women are heroic and spirited, and they race dragon boats like men. Men and women are equal and proud. The long-standing dragon boat culture, with its profoundness and unique charm, affects people's thoughts and behaviors. For thousands of years, it has been passed down from generation to generation and has strong vitality. Its unique customs are very interesting. Nowadays, dragon boat rowing has become a mass fitness sport. Rush out of the country and win glory for the country. I like to see the land of Dongyi, the drums of dragon boats are inspiring, the hoses are brave enough to win glory, and Qi Xin works together to paint a better future. Yi Ruiyu, a master of the Qing Dynasty, once wrote a wonderful description: "The Qingjiang River embraces both sides of the strait, and the breeze sends cool. People wear handkerchiefs and laugh with the waves." I am so happy. I am wearing a sachet on my chest. Women and children pack zongzi to the world, and Pufu protects the family. Yi Ruiyu, a Hakka of Diejiao in Qing Dynasty, was entrusted by squire He Ziquan to write Eight Scenes of Diejiao and Ten Scenes of Diejiao to inform visitors. And this book is in the "main hall" and hung in Peifeng Society. In the "Seven Dragons Race" in "Ten Fragments in the Stack", there is a record of "double streams surging, dragon boat racing, prosperity and prosperity". We can learn about the long history of dragon boat. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, there were nine dragon boats in Diejiao Township, namely: Chaji, Chenfeng, Tang Sheng, Jiangtou, Dongning, Qingyun, Dongsheng East, Sanyutang and Tantou. Later, Jiangtou and Dongning were both abandoned by themselves. Stacked dragon boats have their own historical origins. The dragon boat in Fang Chenfeng has a white beard, because it was "refined" in the old land temple. The old land has a white beard, so the dragon boat has a white beard. The dragon tail of Fang Chenfeng Dragon Boat is a "double bow". So the world calls it "the dragon's tail is twisted and the white beard is old-fashioned." The dragon boat in Qingyun Square (seaside square) has a red beard, because it was "refined" at Wen and Xu Ergong (Linhai Hall), and Wen and Xu Ergong have red beards, so the dragon boat has a red beard. The world calls it "red beard strategist". According to legend, the red beard of Qingyun Square Dragon Boat is the hair of a rare beast, and the price is particularly expensive. In the early days of Qingyun Square, there were two dragon boats, a big shuttle and a small shuttle. The big shuttle picks up the sea and the small shuttle picks up the river. Except for the beard of Feng He's Qingyun Square dragon boat, all the others are black beards, because they were "refined" in the North Emperor (Hall), and the North Emperor is black beards, so the dragon boat is also black beards. Only the stern of Fang Chenfeng Dragon is a "double bow", and the rest are straight tails. Stacked dragon boats keep pace with the times. From 198 1 to 2002, there were 15 teak dragon boats. They are: Chaji, Chen Feng, Tang Sheng, Ji Bian, Jiangtou, Ningju, Qingyun, Cuntou, Aoshi, Diebeihui, Dongsheng East, Sanyutang, Tantou East Covenant, Tantou Third Covenant and New Testament. Because the dragon boats in the past were all made of water pine and useful Kundian wood, which did not meet the requirements of the times, the old dragon boats made of miscellaneous wood and Kundian wood were eliminated *** 19.

There are many styles of dragon boats in Chaoshan, which are extracted from the 2006 edition of Diejiao Township Records. Regular dragon boats have a dragon head, a dragon neck and a dragon tail. The dragon is semi-circular, with length and width ranging from 1.4m to 1.6m, with different lengths. It can accommodate 12 pairs of paddles, 16 pairs of paddles, 32 pairs of paddles, and the longest can accommodate 52 pairs of paddles. Dragon boats are divided into dragon boats, Huanglong boats, Qinglong boats and Bailong boats. Oolong is a no-no, because it is prone to accidents and has historical lessons. The dragon body and abdomen are drawn according to the appearance of Lin Jia, and various colors are highlighted according to the types of red, yellow, blue and white dragons. Bright and bright colors, beautiful and dazzling patterns. Different colors of beards are hung on different dragon boats, and the signs are prominent. After the dragon boat is launched, the dragon boats in each village should be rowed to Longwang Temple or other temples to worship the gods and pray for victory and good luck. Train before the dragon boat race. During the competition, strong paddlers sit on both sides, with a drummer in the middle and a gong player in front. Some places are looking for a boy aged around 10 to 12. Generally speaking, they are all children of local rich people and are very beautiful. They are decorated by little knights, wearing headscarves, belts, leggings and powder. They were dressed in gorgeous silk clothes and lying on the dragon's neck. During the competition, they shook the small sunflower fan in their right hand and blew the whistle according to the rhythm of gongs and drums. Before the game started, the child was surrounded by a large group of boys and girls like an opera star. Boat capsizing happens from time to time in dragon boat races. Children should wear lifebuoys and be protected by the foremost rowers. As the saying goes, "Chaoshan people have no face to lose." The dragon boat race was held in a very intense atmosphere. The athletes on board tried their best to paddle for the battle, and the audience on the shore cheered for the dragon boat in their village. After several rounds of competitions, the winners got flags, performed and held banquets.

Dragon boats in Chaoshan generally don't make black dragons. It is said that black dragons are more prone to accidents. There is an anecdote in Chaoshan that "red dragons are red, and oolong is boring". According to legend, before and after the Dragon Boat Festival in the old days, the boatman of a small wooden boat sailing in the lower reaches of Rongjiang River often said that when the boat rowed near Quxi (now Jiedong County) at night, there was a faint cry in that place where the water depth was rapidly swirling: "Papa, you owe a tail-skimming master!" Row, row, row, row, row, row, row, row, row! In ancient times, the descendants of Jiang in Longsha Township, Jieyang County decided to build an ancestral temple to commemorate their ancestors. One day, while cleaning the foundation of the ancestral temple, two cans of copper coins were dug up. After the ancestral temple was built, the village discussed building two dragon boats, and they used these two jars of copper coins to make dragon forests. When building a ship, the builder liked this shiny copper coin very much. He hid two pieces and took them home. However, no matter how it is arranged, there are always two scales missing on board, and the owner is secretly worried. Later, I finally had a plan to put two copper coins on the head of a boat and turn them into a pair of longan. This time, the dragon boat is more real, and everyone praises the master for his good craftsmanship. And choose the Dragon Boat Festival on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. Early this morning, Gu Xi got up at the helm. His wife came back from washing clothes by the stream and told Gu Xibo in panic that when she was washing clothes, she saw the dragon boat sticking out and eating bamboo leaves by the stream. Gu Xibo did not believe that she was blind and could not talk nonsense everywhere. Gu Xibo remembered people's saying that what women use will ward off evil spirits, so she asked her husband to wear an apron to keep him safe. Gu Xibo listened to his wife's words and put on his wife's waist skirt. Eating bamboo leaves is an own goal of two coppers, with Gu Xibo at the helm. As soon as the dragon boat enters the water, it runs at a high speed. Some people say that the boat is light, and it takes two benches to stop the water. Who knows, tying it to the bench is like adding a dragon's foot, which makes it faster to row. Others said that they would put a thousand stone mortar on the belly of the boat to weigh it. In this way, the stone mortar has become the navel of the dragon. At the beginning of the race, the dragon boat was extremely fast. In the blink of an eye, I drove from Fengkou to the south of Zaozao Village. In this section of Rongjiang River, there is a "Dragon Cave" with a large vortex and fast water flow. It is said that this is an underground river. Here comes the oolong at the helm of Gusibo. Before he could turn it on, the faucet went straight into the whirlpool hole. After a fierce beating, it threw Xi Gu into the sky and landed straight at Huang Qishan. Except Xi Gu Bo, everyone on the whole dragon boat entered the Dragon Cave. Because of the lack of a master at the helm, the dragon boat can't get out of the Tiger Cave at the corner of the North River Beach. Since then, whenever it is stormy, people often hear the sound of gongs and drums and "row, row!" Lack of a master at the helm! "Shouts.