The most complete knowledge of wood charcoal furnace

The use of charcoal furnace is not only fast and convenient, and the function is very diversified, can ensure daily heating, while some cooking is possible, will not produce a lot of waste gas and smoke, cleaner, not only affect the human health, so more popular. Today we talk about the working principle of wood charring furnace, so that you can better choose and use.

Introduction of wood charring furnace

The new environmentally friendly charring furnace increases the smoke recovery device on the basis of the original charring furnace, and the smoke recovery can be dustless and smokeless, and the recovered flue gas can be ignited like liquefied petroleum gas for heating, cooking, and can also be used for drying machine. At present, there are three kinds of carbonization furnace, ordinary type; wood carbonization equipment; charcoal powder production line.

Carbonization furnace classification

Carbonization furnace is divided into self-combustion type and airflow type, two kinds of carbonization equipment, but the working principle is different.

One, the self-combustion charcoal furnace working principle

1, ignition temperature between 0-160 ℃, the moisture contained in the wood material is dried and evaporated.

2, when the temperature of the furnace rises to between 160-280℃, the wood material undergoes decomposition reaction, which is the initial stage of carbonization, relying on the heat generated by the burning of the wood material itself.

3, when the temperature to between 280-650 ℃, the wood material sharply undergoes thermal decomposition, and at the same time produces acetic acid, methanol and tar, etc., and also produces gases such as methane, ethylene, etc., and these combustible gases produce a large amount of heat inside the furnace, which makes the temperature inside the furnace rise, and prompts the wood material to become charcoal at a high temperature, which is the charcoal's change inside the furnace.

Self-combustion carbonization furnace can only place fuel sticks, if you place other materials, it will result in slow carbonization and very low charcoal rate, like straw. Therefore carbonizing the fuel stick is the maximum efficiency.

Self-combustion carbonization furnace design out of the self-built kiln road, the top of the extraction system increases the gas circulation inside the furnace, increasing the speed of carbonization, and the disadvantage of this type of charcoal furnace is that there is smoke emission.

II. The working principle of gas flow carbonization furnace

1, drying stage from the ignition, until the carbonization furnace temperature slowly rises to 160 ℃, when the moisture contained in the fuel rod mainly rely on the external heat and its own fuel rod combustion heat generated by the evaporation. The chemical composition of the fuel rod remains almost unchanged.

2, the initial stage of carbonization this stage mainly rely on the combustion of the fuel stick itself to generate heat, so that the carbonization furnace temperature rises to 160 ~ 280 ℃ between. At this time, the wood material thermal decomposition reaction, its composition began to change. One of the unstable composition, such as hemicellulose decomposition occurs to generate CO2, CO and a small amount of acetic acid and other substances.

3, the full charring stage of this stage of the temperature of 280 ~ 400 ℃, in this stage, the wood material is sharply thermal decomposition, at the same time generated a large number of acetic acid, methanol and wood tar and other liquid products. In addition, methane, ethylene and other flammable gases are produced, and these flammable gases are burned in the furnace. Thermal decomposition and gas combustion produce a large amount of heat, so that the furnace temperature rises. The wood material is dry distilled to charcoal at high temperatures.

The airflow charcoal furnace is different from the self-combustion carbonization is that the airflow is the use of the charcoal furnace system design, so that the combustible gases circulate to the outside of the furnace guts, just like our daily rice cooker, the principle of external heating, internal heat is the same.

Gas flow type charring furnace, its unique structure of gas storage chamber, so that the flue gas produced by charring is fully utilized. In addition to the furnace itself to use, to achieve energy saving and environmental protection requirements, the remaining 60% of the flue gas can be used as a heat source for other drying, carbonization and so on. It adopts lifting combination structure, using the method of lifting away from the cooling, it can carbonize many furnaces in one day, which greatly shortens the production cycle and improves the charcoal production efficiency, and it is the ideal equipment for large and medium-sized charcoal producers to produce charcoal.

Operating method of carbonization furnace

Before using the carbonization furnace, we should check whether the fan is rotating flexibly and smoothly; whether there is any water leakage from the condenser; whether the connection of each part is tight; whether the sealing rock wool of the furnace door and fire door is sufficient, etc.; and then we load the fuel sticks into the furnace, and we should pay attention to the fact that the fuel sticks must be evenly placed in the rows and rows, and then we close the door of the furnace after loading the fuel sticks and light the fuel inside the furnace, and then start the furnace, and close the upper fire door, and then start the furnace. Start the induced draft fan, close the upper fire door, open the lower fire door, adjust the valve of the smoke outlet, so that the flue to maintain a smooth state, there is smoke out, remove the pilot stove. Next timely control of the temperature, which requires a certain amount of production experience, the final carbonization is complete, the temperature inside the furnace down to 100 ℃ before you can open the door, prepared in advance with water, when you take out, if there is a charcoal with sparks, put into the water to soak out, this is the operation of the carbonization furnace.